abstineo

Latin

Alternative forms

• apstineō

Etymology

From ab- (“away from”) +‎ teneō (“hold; restrain”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /abˈsti.ne.oː/, [äpˈs̠t̪ɪneoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /abˈsti.ne.o/, [äbˈst̪iːneo]

Verb

abstineō (present infinitive abstinēre, perfect active abstinuī, supine abstentum); second conjugation

1. to abstain
2. to keep, stay off or away, hold at a distance, avoid

   Synonyms: ēvādō, ēlūdō, dētrectō, vītō, ēvītō, refugiō, exeō, āversor, parcō, dēclīnō, fugiō

   Antonyms: dēstinō, intendō, tendō, petō, quaerō, affectō, studeō, spectō, circumspiciō

3. (with nōn) to allow, let

   Se ita dicere non abstinuit.

   He allowed himself to speak so/thus.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of abstineō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	abstineō	abstinēs	abstinet	abstinēmus	abstinētis	abstinent
	imperfect	abstinēbam	abstinēbās	abstinēbat	abstinēbāmus	abstinēbātis	abstinēbant
	future	abstinēbō	abstinēbis	abstinēbit	abstinēbimus	abstinēbitis	abstinēbunt
	perfect	abstinuī	abstinuistī	abstinuit	abstinuimus	abstinuistis	abstinuērunt, abstinuēre
	pluperfect	abstinueram	abstinuerās	abstinuerat	abstinuerāmus	abstinuerātis	abstinuerant
	future perfect	abstinuerō	abstinueris	abstinuerit	abstinuerimus	abstinueritis	abstinuerint
passive	present	abstineor	abstinēris, abstinēre	abstinētur	abstinēmur	abstinēminī	abstinentur
	imperfect	abstinēbar	abstinēbāris, abstinēbāre	abstinēbātur	abstinēbāmur	abstinēbāminī	abstinēbantur
	future	abstinēbor	abstinēberis, abstinēbere	abstinēbitur	abstinēbimur	abstinēbiminī	abstinēbuntur
	perfect	abstentus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	abstentus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	abstentus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	abstineam	abstineās	abstineat	abstineāmus	abstineātis	abstineant
imperfect	abstinērem	abstinērēs	abstinēret	abstinērēmus	abstinērētis	abstinērent
perfect	abstinuerim	abstinuerīs	abstinuerit	abstinuerīmus	abstinuerītis	abstinuerint
pluperfect	abstinuissem	abstinuissēs	abstinuisset	abstinuissēmus	abstinuissētis	abstinuissent
passive	present	abstinear	abstineāris, abstineāre	abstineātur	abstineāmur	abstineāminī	abstineantur
imperfect	abstinērer	abstinērēris, abstinērēre	abstinērētur	abstinērēmur	abstinērēminī	abstinērentur
perfect	abstentus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	abstentus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	abstinē	—	—	abstinēte	—
	future	—	abstinētō	abstinētō	—	abstinētōte	abstinentō
passive	present	—	abstinēre	—	—	abstinēminī	—
	future	—	abstinētor	abstinētor	—	—	abstinentor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		abstinēre	abstinuisse	abstentūrum esse	abstinērī	abstentum esse	abstentum īrī
participles		abstinēns	—	abstentūrus	—	abstentus	abstinendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		abstinendī	abstinendō	abstinendum	abstinendō	abstentum	abstentū

Derived terms

• abstentiō
• abstināx
• abstinēns
• abstinenter
• abstinentia

Related terms

• attineō
• circumteneō
• contineō
• dētineō
• distineō
• obtineō
• pertineō
• retineō
• sustineō
• teneō
• trānstineō

Descendants

• Albanian: abstenoj, abstenim
• Catalan: abstenir
• → Dutch: abstineren
• Galician: abster
• Italian: astenere
• Norwegian Bokmål: abstinere
• Old French: abstenir, astenir
  • French: abstenir
  • → Middle English: absteynen, abstenen, abstinen
    • English: abstain
    • Scots: absteen
• Portuguese: abster
• Romanian: abține
• Sicilian: astèniri
• Spanish: abstener

References

• “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “abstineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• abstineo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to refrain from doing a wrong, an injustice: iniuria abstinere (Off. 3. 17. 72)
    
  • to never appear in public: publico carere, se abstinere
    
  • to abstain from all nourishment: cibo se abstinere
    
• abstineo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016