cegar

See also: segar

Asturian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin caecāre (“to blind”), from caecus (“blind”). Compare Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish cegar.

Verb

cegar (first-person singular indicative present cego, past participle cegáu)

1. (transitive) to blind (make temporarily or permanently blind)

Conjugation

Conjugation of cegar

infinitive		cegar
gerund		cegando
past participle		m cegáu, f cegada, n cegao, m pl cegaos, f pl cegaes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	cego	cegues	cega	cegamos	cegáis	ceguen
	imperfect	cegaba	cegabes	cegaba	cegábemos, cegábamos	cegabeis, cegabais	cegaben
	preterite	cegué	cegasti, ceguesti	cegó	ceguemos	cegastis, ceguestis	cegaron
	pluperfect	cegare, cegara	cegares, cegaras	cegare, cegara	cegáremos, cegáramos	cegareis, cegarais	cegaren, cegaran
	future	cegaré	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegaréis	cegarán
	conditional	cegaría	cegaríes	cegaría	cegaríemos, cegaríamos	cegaríeis, cegaríais	cegaríen
subjunctive	present	cegue	cegues, cegas	cegue	ceguemos	ceguéis	ceguen, cegan
	imperfect	cegare, cegara	cegares, cegaras	cegare, cegara	cegáremos, cegáramos	cegareis, cegarais	cegaren, cegaran
imperative		—	cega	—	—	cegái	—

Related terms

• ciegu

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin caecāre (“to blind”), from caecus (“blind”). Compare Asturian, Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish cegar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [səˈɣa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [seˈɣaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [seˈɣa]

Verb

cegar (first-person singular present cego, first-person singular preterite ceguí, past participle cegat); root stress: (Northern) /e̞/; (Balearic, Central, Northwestern, Valencia) /e/

1. (transitive) to blind
2. (transitive) to block off, obstruct
   • 1938, Lluís Nicolau d'Olwer, El pont de la mar blava:

     En aquests estanys, ara mig cegats per la sorra, va recolzar-se durant molts segles un dels més forts imperis comercials que mai han existit.

     In these pools, now half filled with sand, rested for several centuries one of the most powerful commercial empires which has ever existed.

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of cegar (first conjugation, g-gu alternation)

infinitive			cegar
gerund			cegant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cegat		cegada
		plural		cegats		cegades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	cego	cegues	cega	ceguem	cegueu	ceguen
	imperfect	cegava	cegaves	cegava	cegàvem	cegàveu	cegaven
	future	cegaré	cegaràs	cegarà	cegarem	cegareu	cegaran
	preterite	ceguí	cegares	cegà	cegàrem	cegàreu	cegaren
	conditional	cegaria	cegaries	cegaria	cegaríem	cegaríeu	cegarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	cegui	ceguis	cegui	ceguem	cegueu	ceguin
	imperfect	cegués	ceguessis	cegués	ceguéssim	ceguéssiu	ceguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	cega	cegui	ceguem	cegueu	ceguin
	negative (no)	—	no ceguis	no cegui	no ceguem	no cegueu	no ceguin

Derived terms

• cegament
• encegar

Related terms

• cec

Further reading

• “cegar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cegar, from Latin caecāre (“to blind”), from caecus (“blind”). Compare Asturian, Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish cegar.

Verb

cegar (first-person singular present cego, first-person singular preterite ceguei, past participle cegado)

1. to blind

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cegar (g-gu alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cegar
Personal	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegaren
Gerund
	cegando
Past participle
Masculine	cegado			cegados
Feminine	cegada			cegadas
Indicative
Present	cego	cegas	cega	cegamos	cegades	cegan
Imperfect	cegaba	cegabas	cegaba	cegabamos	cegabades	cegaban
Preterite	ceguei	cegaches	cegou	cegamos	cegastes	cegaron
Pluperfect	cegara	cegaras	cegara	cegaramos	cegarades	cegaran
Future	cegarei	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegaredes	cegarán
Conditional	cegaría	cegarías	cegaría	cegariamos	cegariades	cegarían
Subjunctive
Present	cegue	cegues	cegue	ceguemos	ceguedes	ceguen
Imperfect	cegase	cegases	cegase	cegásemos	cegásedes	cegasen
Future	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegaren
Imperative
Affirmative		cega	cegue	ceguemos	cegade	ceguen
Negative (non)		non cegues	non cegue	non ceguemos	non ceguedes	non ceguen

    Reintegrated conjugation of cegar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cegar
Personal	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegarem
Gerund
	cegando
Past participle
Masculine	cegado			cegados
Feminine	cegada			cegadas
Indicative
Present	cego	cegas	cega	cegamos	cegades, cegais	cegam
Imperfect	cegava	cegavas	cegava	cegávamos	cegávades, cegáveis, cegávais1	cegavam
Preterite	ceguei	cegaste, cegache1	cegou	cegamos	cegastes	cegárom, cegaram
Pluperfect	cegara	cegaras	cegara	cegáramos	cegárades, cegáreis, cegárais1	cegaram
Future	cegarei	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegaredes, cegareis	cegarám, cegarão
Conditional	cegaria	cegarias	cegaria	cegaríamos	cegaríades, cegaríeis, cegaríais1	cegariam
Subjunctive
Present	cegue	cegues	cegue	ceguemos	ceguedes, cegueis	ceguem
Imperfect	cegasse	cegasses	cegasse	cegássemos	cegássedes, cegásseis	cegassem
Future	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegarem
Imperative
Affirmative		cega	cegue	ceguemos	cegade, cegai	ceguem
Negative (nom)		nom cegues	nom cegue	nom ceguemos	nom ceguedes, nom cegueis	nom ceguem

¹Less recommended.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

• çegar

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos

Proto-Italic *kaikos

Latin caecus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin caecō

Old Galician-Portuguese cegar

Inherited from Latin caecāre (“to blind”). By surface analysis, cego +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡se.ˈɡaɾ/
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: ce‧gar

Verb

cegar

1. (transitive) to make blind
2. (intransitive) to become blind
3. (transitive, figurative) to blind (to conceal)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cegar

infinitive				cegar
gerund		simple		cegando
		compound		gerund of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		cegado		cegados
		feminine		cegada		cegadas
present participle				cegante		cegantes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	cego	cegas	cega	cegamos	cegades, cegaes, cegais, cegaas, cegás	cegan
	imperfect	cegava	cegavas	cegava	cegavamos, cegávamos	cegavades, cegávades, cegávaes, cegávais, cegávees, cegáveis	cegavan
	preterite	ceguei	cegaste, cegasche, cegache	cegou	cegamos	cegastes	cegaron
	pluperfect	cegara	cegaras	cegara	cegaramos, cegáramos	cegarades, cegárades, cegáraes, cegárais, cegárees, cegáreis	cegaran
	future	cegarei	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegaredes, cegarees, cegareis, cegarês	cegarán
	conditional	cegaria	cegarias	cegaria	cegariamos, cegaríamos	cegariades, cegaríades, cegaríaes, cegaríais, cegaríees, cegaríeis	cegarian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect anterior	simple pluperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	cegue	cegues	cegue	ceguemos	ceguedes, ceguees, cegueis, ceguês	ceguen
	imperfect	cegasse	cegasses	cegasse	cegassemos, cegássemos	cegassedes, cegássedes, cegássees, cegásseis	cegassen
	future	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegaren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	cega	—	ceguemos	cegade, cegae, cegai	—
negative		—	non cegues	—	non ceguemos	non ceguedes, non ceguees, non cegueis, non ceguês	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegaren
1 Haver is more common than tẽer.

Descendants

• Fala: cegar
• Galician: cegar
• Portuguese: cegar (see there for further descendants)

References

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “cegar”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2026), “cegar”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa
• Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2026), “cegar”, in Universo Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN
• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “cegar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• çegar

Etymology

Inherited from Latin caecāre (“to blind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡se.ˈɡaɾ/
• Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

cegar

1. to blind

Descendants

• Spanish: cegar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cegar, from Latin caecāre (“to blind”), from caecus (“blind”). Compare Asturian, Catalan, and Spanish cegar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /seˈɡa(ʁ)/ [seˈɡa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /seˈɡa(ʁ)/ [seˈɡa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /seˈɡa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /seˈɡa(ʁ)/ [seˈɡa(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /seˈɡa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨˈɡaɾ/ [sɨˈɣaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨˈɡaɾ/ [sɨˈɣaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /sɨˈɡa.ɾi/ [sɨˈɣa.ɾi]

• Homophone: segar
• Hyphenation: ce‧gar

Verb

cegar (first-person singular present cego, first-person singular preterite ceguei, past participle cegado)

1. (transitive) to blind, to cause blindness

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cegar (g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cegar
Personal	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegarem
Gerund
	cegando
Past participle
Masculine	cegado			cegados
Feminine	cegada			cegadas
Indicative
Present	cego	cegas	cega	cegamos	cegais	cegam
Imperfect	cegava	cegavas	cegava	cegávamos	cegáveis	cegavam
Preterite	ceguei	cegaste	cegou	cegamos1, cegámos2	cegastes	cegaram
Pluperfect	cegara	cegaras	cegara	cegáramos	cegáreis	cegaram
Future	cegarei	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegareis	cegarão
Conditional	cegaria	cegarias	cegaria	cegaríamos	cegaríeis	cegariam
Subjunctive
Present	cegue	cegues	cegue	ceguemos	cegueis	ceguem
Imperfect	cegasse	cegasses	cegasse	cegássemos	cegásseis	cegassem
Future	cegar	cegares	cegar	cegarmos	cegardes	cegarem
Imperative
Affirmative		cega	cegue	ceguemos	cegai	ceguem
Negative (não)		não cegues	não cegue	não ceguemos	não cegueis	não ceguem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Descendants

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: sega

Further reading

• “cegar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “cegar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish cegar, çegar, from Latin caecāre, from caecus (“blind”). Compare Catalan, Asturian, Galician, and Portuguese cegar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θeˈɡaɾ/ [θeˈɣ̞aɾ] (Equatorial Guinea, Spain)
• IPA^(key): /seˈɡaɾ/ [seˈɣ̞aɾ] (Latin America, Philippines)
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ce‧gar
• Homophone: (Latin America, Philippines) segar

Verb

cegar (first-person singular present ciego, first-person singular preterite cegué, past participle cegado)

1. (transitive) to blind
2. (intransitive, reflexive) to go blind
3. (transitive) to block, obstruct (a passageway, etc.)
4. (transitive, poetic, literary) to ruin

   el accidente que le cegó la vida

   the accident that ruined the rest of his/her life

   (literally, “accident that ruined the life for him/her”)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cegar (e-ie alternation; g-gu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			cegar
gerund			cegando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cegado		cegada
		plural		cegados		cegadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ciego	ciegastú cegásvos	ciega	cegamos	cegáis	ciegan
	imperfect	cegaba	cegabas	cegaba	cegábamos	cegabais	cegaban
	preterite	cegué	cegaste	cegó	cegamos	cegasteis	cegaron
	future	cegaré	cegarás	cegará	cegaremos	cegaréis	cegarán
	conditional	cegaría	cegarías	cegaría	cegaríamos	cegaríais	cegarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ciegue	cieguestú ceguésvos2	ciegue	ceguemos	ceguéis	cieguen
	imperfect (ra)	cegara	cegaras	cegara	cegáramos	cegarais	cegaran
	imperfect (se)	cegase	cegases	cegase	cegásemos	cegaseis	cegasen
	future1	cegare	cegares	cegare	cegáremos	cegareis	cegaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ciegatú cegávos	ciegue	ceguemos	cegad	cieguen
	negative		no ciegues	no ciegue	no ceguemos	no ceguéis	no cieguen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of cegar (e-ie alternation; g-gu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive cegar	dative	cegarme	cegarte	cegarle, cegarse	cegarnos	cegaros	cegarles, cegarse
	accusative	cegarme	cegarte	cegarlo, cegarla, cegarse	cegarnos	cegaros	cegarlos, cegarlas, cegarse
with gerund cegando	dative	cegándome	cegándote	cegándole, cegándose	cegándonos	cegándoos	cegándoles, cegándose
	accusative	cegándome	cegándote	cegándolo, cegándola, cegándose	cegándonos	cegándoos	cegándolos, cegándolas, cegándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative ciega	dative	ciégame	ciégate	ciégale	ciéganos	not used	ciégales
	accusative	ciégame	ciégate	ciégalo, ciégala	ciéganos	not used	ciégalos, ciégalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative cegá	dative	cegame	cegate	cegale	ceganos	not used	cegales
	accusative	cegame	cegate	cegalo, cegala	ceganos	not used	cegalos, cegalas
with formal second-person singular imperative ciegue	dative	ciégueme	not used	ciéguele, ciéguese	ciéguenos	not used	ciégueles
	accusative	ciégueme	not used	ciéguelo, ciéguela, ciéguese	ciéguenos	not used	ciéguelos, ciéguelas
with first-person plural imperative ceguemos	dative	not used	ceguémoste	ceguémosle	ceguémonos	ceguémoos	ceguémosles
	accusative	not used	ceguémoste	ceguémoslo, ceguémosla	ceguémonos	ceguémoos	ceguémoslos, ceguémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative cegad	dative	cegadme	not used	cegadle	cegadnos	cegaos	cegadles
	accusative	cegadme	not used	cegadlo, cegadla	cegadnos	cegaos	cegadlos, cegadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative cieguen	dative	ciéguenme	not used	ciéguenle	ciéguennos	not used	ciéguenles, ciéguense
	accusative	ciéguenme	not used	ciéguenlo, ciéguenla	ciéguennos	not used	ciéguenlos, ciéguenlas, ciéguense

Derived terms

• cegador
• cegamiento

Related terms

• ciego

Further reading

• “cegar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025