chantar

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Latin cantāre.

Verb

chantar (ORB, broad)

1. to sing

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chantar

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			haveir chantá
gerund		chantánt			hayent chantá
auxiliary verb		haveir
past participle		masculine			feminine
	singular	chantá			chantáe
	plural	chantás			chantáes
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		jo	te	il	nos	vos	ils
	present	chanto	chantes	chantet	chantems	chantads	chantont
	imperfect	chantavo	chantaves	chantavet	chantavams	chantavads	chantavant
	preterite	chantei	chantés	chantét	chantémos	chantêtes	chantéront
	future	chanterai	chanterés	chanterat	chanterems	chantereds	chanteránt
	conditional	chanterim	chanteries	chanteriet	chanteriams	chanteriads	chanteriant
compound tenses	present perfect	present indicative of haveir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of haveir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite indicative of haveir + past participle
	future perfect	future indicative of haveir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haveir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que te	qu'il	que nos	que vos	qu'ils
	present	chanto	chantes	chantet	chantams	chantads	chantant
	imperfect	chantesso	chantesses	chantesset	chantessams	chantessads	chantessant
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of haveir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of haveir + past participle
imperative		—	te	—	nos	vos	—
			chanta		chantams	chantads

Related terms

• chançon

References

• chanter in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• chantar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chantar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin plantāre. Doublet of the learned borrowing plantar. In the meaning fence off it derives from chanto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃanˈtaɾ/ [t͡ʃan̪ˈt̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: chan‧tar

Verb

chantar (first-person singular present chanto, first-person singular preterite chantei, past participle chantado)

1. (transitive, archaic) to plant (to place a seed or plant in soil or other substrate)
2. (transitive) to plant (to place or set something firmly)
3. (transitive) to say to one's face
4. (transitive) to thrust
5. (transitive) to secure, strengthen
6. (transitive) to bite
7. (transitive) to fence off

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chantar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chantar
Personal	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantaren
Gerund
	chantando
Past participle
Masculine	chantado			chantados
Feminine	chantada			chantadas
Indicative
Present	chanto	chantas	chanta	chantamos	chantades	chantan
Imperfect	chantaba	chantabas	chantaba	chantabamos	chantabades	chantaban
Preterite	chantei	chantaches	chantou	chantamos	chantastes	chantaron
Pluperfect	chantara	chantaras	chantara	chantaramos	chantarades	chantaran
Future	chantarei	chantarás	chantará	chantaremos	chantaredes	chantarán
Conditional	chantaría	chantarías	chantaría	chantariamos	chantariades	chantarían
Subjunctive
Present	chante	chantes	chante	chantemos	chantedes	chanten
Imperfect	chantase	chantases	chantase	chantásemos	chantásedes	chantasen
Future	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantaren
Imperative
Affirmative		chanta	chante	chantemos	chantade	chanten
Negative (non)		non chantes	non chante	non chantemos	non chantedes	non chanten

    Reintegrated conjugation of chantar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chantar
Personal	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantarem
Gerund
	chantando
Past participle
Masculine	chantado			chantados
Feminine	chantada			chantadas
Indicative
Present	chanto	chantas	chanta	chantamos	chantades, chantais	chantam
Imperfect	chantava	chantavas	chantava	chantávamos	chantávades, chantáveis, chantávais1	chantavam
Preterite	chantei	chantaste, chantache1	chantou	chantamos	chantastes	chantárom, chantaram
Pluperfect	chantara	chantaras	chantara	chantáramos	chantárades, chantáreis, chantárais1	chantaram
Future	chantarei	chantarás	chantará	chantaremos	chantaredes, chantareis	chantarám, chantarão
Conditional	chantaria	chantarias	chantaria	chantaríamos	chantaríades, chantaríeis, chantaríais1	chantariam
Subjunctive
Present	chante	chantes	chante	chantemos	chantedes, chanteis	chantem
Imperfect	chantasse	chantasses	chantasse	chantássemos	chantássedes, chantásseis	chantassem
Future	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantarem
Imperative
Affirmative		chanta	chante	chantemos	chantade, chantai	chantem
Negative (nom)		nom chantes	nom chante	nom chantemos	nom chantedes, nom chanteis	nom chantem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• Chanta
• Chantada
• chantada
• Chantado
• Chanteiro
• Chantelos
• chanto
• Pedra Chantada
• Pedrachantada

Descendants

• → Lunfardo: chantar

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “chantar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “chantar”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “chantar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “chantar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “chantar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “chantar”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chantar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈxan̪ˠt̪ˠəɾˠ]

Verb

chantar

1. lenited form of cantar

Occitan

Verb

chantar

1. (Auvergne, Guardiol, Limousin, Vivaro-Alpine) alternative form of cantar (“to sing”)

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			aver chantat
gerund		chantant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		chantat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	chanti	chantas	chanta	chantam	chantatz	chantan
	imperfect	chantavi	chantavas	chantava	chantàvem	chantàvetz	chantavan
	preterite	chantèri	chantères	chantèt	chantèrem	chantèretz	chantèron
	future	chantarai	chantaràs	chantarà	chantarem	chantaretz	chantaràn
	conditional	chantariái	chantariás	chantariá	chantariam	chantariatz	chantarián
	conditional 2nd form1	chantèra	chantèras	chantèra	chanteram	chanteratz	chantèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	chante	chantes	chante	chantem	chantetz	chanten
	imperfect	chantèssi	chantèsses	chantèsse	chantèssem	chantèssetz	chantèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			chanta		chantem	chantatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			aver chantat
gerund		chantant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		chantat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	chante	chantes	chanta	chantam	chantatz	chanton
	imperfect	chantave	chantaves	chantava	chantaviam	chantaviatz	chantavon
	preterite	chantere	chanteres	chantet	chantem	chantetz	chanteron
	future	chantarai	chantaràs	chantará	chantarem	chantaretz	chantarán
	conditional	chantariá	chantariás	chantariá	chantariam	chantariatz	chantarián
	conditional 2nd form1	chantèra	chantèras	chantèra	chanteram	chanteratz	chantèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	chante	chantes	chante	chantassiam	chantassiatz	chanton
	imperfect	chantesse	chantesses	chantesse	chantessiam	chantessiatz	chantesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			chanta		chantassiam	chantatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			aver chantat
gerund		chantant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		chantat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	chanti	chantas	chanta	chantam	chantatz	chantan
	imperfect	chantavi	chantavas	chantava	chantàvam	chantàvatz	chantavan
	preterite	chantèi	chantès	chantè	chantèm	chantètz	chantèn
	future	chantarèi	chantaràs	chantarà	chantaram	chantaratz	chantaràn
	conditional	chantarí	chantarés	chantaré	chantarem	chantaretz	chantarén
	conditional 2nd form1	chantèra	chantèras	chantèra	chanteram	chanteratz	chantèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	chanti	chantes	chante	chantem	chantetz	chanten
	imperfect	chantèssi	chantèsses	chantèsse	chantèssem	chantèssetz	chantèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			chanta		chantem	chantatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			aver chantat
gerund		chantant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		chantat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	chante	chantas	chanta	chantam	chantatz	chantan
	imperfect	chantava	chantavas	chantava	chantàvam	chantàvatz	chantavan
	preterite	chantei	chanteras	chantet	chantèram	chantèratz	chanteran
	future	chantarai	chantaràs	chantará	chantarem	chantaretz	chantarán
	conditional	chantariá	chantariàs	chantariá	chantariam	chantariatz	chantarián
	conditional 2nd form1	chantèra	chantèras	chantèra	chanteram	chanteratz	chantèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	chante	chantes	chante	chantem	chantetz	chanten
	imperfect	chantèsse	chantèsses	chantèsse	chantèssem	chantèssetz	chantèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			chanta		chantem	chantatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		chantar			aver chantat
gerund		chantant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		chantat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	chante	chantes	chanta	chantam	chantatz	chantan
	imperfect	chantavi	chantavas	chantava	chantàvem	chantàvetz	chantavan
	preterite	chantère	chantères	chantèt	chanteriam	chanteriatz	chantèron
	future	chantarai	chantaràs	chantarà	chantarem	chantaretz	chantaràn
	conditional	chantariáu	chantariás	chantariá	chantariam	chantariatz	chantarián
	conditional 2nd form1	chantèra	chantèras	chantèra	chanteram	chanteratz	chantèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	chante	chantes	chante	chantem	chantetz	chantan
	imperfect	chantèsse	chantèsses	chantèsse	chantessiam	chantessiatz	chantèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			chanta		chantem	chantatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old Occitan

Verb

chantar

1. alternative form of cantar (“to sing”)

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• tanchar

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chantar, from Latin plantāre. Doublet of the borrowed plantar and semi-learned prantar. Cf. also the form tanchar, resulting from metathesis.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta(ʁ)/ [ʃɐ̃ˈta(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta(ʁ)/ [ʃɐ̃ˈta(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta(ʁ)/ [ʃɐ̃ˈta(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈtaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈtaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɐ̃ˈtaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʃɐ̃ˈta.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: chan‧tar

Verb

chantar (first-person singular present chanto, first-person singular preterite chantei, past participle chantado)

1. (transitive) to plant
2. (informal, pronominal) to take root [with em ‘in someone/something’]

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chantar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	chantar
Personal	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantarem
Gerund
	chantando
Past participle
Masculine	chantado			chantados
Feminine	chantada			chantadas
Indicative
Present	chanto	chantas	chanta	chantamos	chantais	chantam
Imperfect	chantava	chantavas	chantava	chantávamos	chantáveis	chantavam
Preterite	chantei	chantaste	chantou	chantamos1, chantámos2	chantastes	chantaram
Pluperfect	chantara	chantaras	chantara	chantáramos	chantáreis	chantaram
Future	chantarei	chantarás	chantará	chantaremos	chantareis	chantarão
Conditional	chantaria	chantarias	chantaria	chantaríamos	chantaríeis	chantariam
Subjunctive
Present	chante	chantes	chante	chantemos	chanteis	chantem
Imperfect	chantasse	chantasses	chantasse	chantássemos	chantásseis	chantassem
Future	chantar	chantares	chantar	chantarmos	chantardes	chantarem
Imperative
Affirmative		chanta	chante	chantemos	chantai	chantem
Negative (não)		não chantes	não chante	não chantemos	não chanteis	não chantem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• chantagem

Related terms

• chanta

Further reading

• “chantar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “chantar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romansh

Alternative forms

• cantar (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
• chanter (Puter)

Etymology

From Latin cantāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʃanˈtar]

Verb

chantar

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader) to sing

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chantar (Grischun)

infinitive			chantar
gerund			chantond
past participle			chantà, chantada
	singular			plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
present	chant, chantel	chantas	chanta	chantain	chantais	chantan
imperfect	chantava	chantavas	chantava	chantavan	chantavas	chantavan
future	vegnel a chantar	vegns a chantar	vegn a chantar	vegnin a chantar	vegnis a chantar	vegnan a chantar
conditional	jeu	ti	el/ella	nus	vus	els/ellas
present	chantass	chantasses	chantass	chantassen	chantasses	chantassen
future	vegness a chantar	vegnesses a chantar	vegness a chantar	vegnessen a chantar	vegnesses a chantar	vegnessen a chantar
subjunctive	che jeu	che ti	ch'el/ch'ella	che nus	che vus	ch'els/ch'ellas
present	chantia	chantias	chantia	chantian	chantias	chantian
future	vegni a chantar	vegnies a chantar	vegni a chantar	vegnîen a chantar	vegnîes a chantar	vegnien a chantar
imperative	—	ti	—	—	vus	—
		chanta			chantai

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Lunfardo chanta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃanˈtaɾ/ [t͡ʃãn̪ˈt̪aɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: chan‧tar

Verb

chantar (first-person singular present chanto, first-person singular preterite chanté, past participle chantado)

1. (Chile, slang) to stop
2. (Chile, vulgar) to fuck

Conjugation

    Conjugation of chantar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			chantar
gerund			chantando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		chantado		chantada
		plural		chantados		chantadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	chanto	chantastú chantásvos	chanta	chantamos	chantáis	chantan
	imperfect	chantaba	chantabas	chantaba	chantábamos	chantabais	chantaban
	preterite	chanté	chantaste	chantó	chantamos	chantasteis	chantaron
	future	chantaré	chantarás	chantará	chantaremos	chantaréis	chantarán
	conditional	chantaría	chantarías	chantaría	chantaríamos	chantaríais	chantarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	chante	chantestú chantésvos2	chante	chantemos	chantéis	chanten
	imperfect (ra)	chantara	chantaras	chantara	chantáramos	chantarais	chantaran
	imperfect (se)	chantase	chantases	chantase	chantásemos	chantaseis	chantasen
	future1	chantare	chantares	chantare	chantáremos	chantareis	chantaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		chantatú chantávos	chante	chantemos	chantad	chanten
	negative		no chantes	no chante	no chantemos	no chantéis	no chanten

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of chantar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive chantar	dative	chantarme	chantarte	chantarle, chantarse	chantarnos	chantaros	chantarles, chantarse
	accusative	chantarme	chantarte	chantarlo, chantarla, chantarse	chantarnos	chantaros	chantarlos, chantarlas, chantarse
with gerund chantando	dative	chantándome	chantándote	chantándole, chantándose	chantándonos	chantándoos	chantándoles, chantándose
	accusative	chantándome	chantándote	chantándolo, chantándola, chantándose	chantándonos	chantándoos	chantándolos, chantándolas, chantándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative chanta	dative	chántame	chántate	chántale	chántanos	not used	chántales
	accusative	chántame	chántate	chántalo, chántala	chántanos	not used	chántalos, chántalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative chantá	dative	chantame	chantate	chantale	chantanos	not used	chantales
	accusative	chantame	chantate	chantalo, chantala	chantanos	not used	chantalos, chantalas
with formal second-person singular imperative chante	dative	chánteme	not used	chántele, chántese	chántenos	not used	chánteles
	accusative	chánteme	not used	chántelo, chántela, chántese	chántenos	not used	chántelos, chántelas
with first-person plural imperative chantemos	dative	not used	chantémoste	chantémosle	chantémonos	chantémoos	chantémosles
	accusative	not used	chantémoste	chantémoslo, chantémosla	chantémonos	chantémoos	chantémoslos, chantémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative chantad	dative	chantadme	not used	chantadle	chantadnos	chantaos	chantadles
	accusative	chantadme	not used	chantadlo, chantadla	chantadnos	chantaos	chantadlos, chantadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative chanten	dative	chántenme	not used	chántenle	chántennos	not used	chántenles, chántense
	accusative	chántenme	not used	chántenlo, chántenla	chántennos	not used	chántenlos, chántenlas, chántense

Further reading

• “chantar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• “chantar”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010