gardar
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Galician[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese gardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
gardar (first-person singular present gardo, first-person singular preterite gardei, past participle gardado)
- (transitive) to guard, watch
- (transitive) to guard, protect
- 1460, Rui Vasques, Crónica de Santa María de Iria, Santiago: Ediciós do Castro, page 135:
- Et logo comesçou a rreparrar o castello do Est por gardar a terra dos ysmaelitas et normanos, que entrauã porla rria e estragauã toda a terra.
- And then he began to repair the castle of Oeste, to protect the country from the Ismaelites and the Norsemen, who used to enter through the firth, then wasting all the land
- (transitive) to keep
- (transitive with de) to avoid, keep from
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of gardar
Reintegrated conjugation of gardar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “gardar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “gardar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “gardar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “gardar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “gardar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “gardar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “gardar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
gardar m
- indefinite plural of gard
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
gardar m
Occitan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Occitan g(u)ardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file)
Verb[edit]
gardar (Languedoc, Vivaro-Alpine)
- to protect
Conjugation[edit]
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardèri | gardères | gardèt | gardèrem | gardèretz | gardèron | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardariái | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardon | |
imperfect | gardave | gardaves | gardava | gardaviam | gardaviatz | gardavon | |
preterite | gardere | garderes | gardet | gardem | gardetz | garderon | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán | |
conditional | gardariá | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardassiam | gardassiatz | gardon | |
imperfect | gardesse | gardesses | gardesse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardesson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardassiam | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardèi | gardès | gardè | gardèm | gardètz | gardèn | |
future | gardarèi | gardaràs | gardarà | gardaram | gardaratz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardarí | gardarés | gardaré | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | gardi | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardava | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardei | garderas | gardet | gardèram | gardèratz | garderan | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán | |
conditional | gardariá | gardariàs | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardère | gardères | gardèt | garderiam | garderiatz | gardèron | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardariáu | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Old Galician-Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Verb[edit]
gardar
- Alternative form of guardar
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of gardar
Note: Forms marked with an asterisk (*), if any, are unattested forms that are presumed to have existed verbally and were conjugated according to the Old Galician-Portuguese conjugation system.
| |||||||||
infinitive | gardar | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | gardando | ||||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
masculine | gardado | gardada | |||||||
feminine | gardados | gardadas | |||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nós nós outros nós outras |
vós vós outros vós outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | gardo | gardas | garda | gardamos | gardades | gardam1, gardan2 | ||
imperfect | gardava | gardavas | gardava | gardavamos | gardavades | gardavam1, gardavan2 | |||
preterite | gardei | gardaste1, gardasche2 | gardou | gardamos | gardastes | gardarom1, gardaron2 | |||
pluperfect | gardara | gardaras | gardara | gardaramos | gardarades | gardaram1, gardaran2 | |||
future | gardarei | gardarás | gardará | gardaremos | gardaredes | gardarám1, gardarán2 | |||
conditional | gardaría | gardarías | gardaría | gardariamos | gardariades | gardaríam1, gardarían2 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | |||||||
present imperfect | imperfect of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
past anterior | preterite of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
subjunctive mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nós nós outros nós outras |
vós vós outros vós outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardemos | gardedes | gardem1, garden2 | ||
preterite | gardasse | gardasses | gardasse | gardassemos | gardassedes | gardassem1, gardassen2 | |||
future | gardar | gardares | gardar | gardarmos | gardardes | gardarem1, gardaren2 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | |||||||
pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
perfect future | future subjunctive of haver3 or tẽer4 + past participle | ||||||||
imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nós nós outros nós outras |
vós vós outros vós outras |
— | |||
affirmative | — | garda | garde | gardemos | gardade | — | |||
negative | — | nunca non gardes | nunca non garde | nunca non gardemos | nunca non gardedes | — | |||
personal infinitive | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nós nós outros nós outras |
vós vós outros vós outras |
eles elas | |||
gardar | gardares | gardar | gardarmos | gardardes | gardarem1, gardaren2 | ||||
1 Less common in Galicia 2 Less common in Portugal 3 Its alternative form aver can be used as well. 4 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". |
Further reading[edit]
Old Occitan[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Verb[edit]
gardar
- to protect
Descendants[edit]
- Occitan: gardar
References[edit]
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*wardôn”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 514
Categories:
- Galician terms derived from Frankish
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Galician terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician terms with quotations
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Occitan terms derived from Frankish
- Occitan terms inherited from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms derived from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Occitan terms with audio links
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan verbs
- Occitan first group verbs
- Languedocien
- Vivaro-Alpine
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Old Occitan terms derived from Frankish
- Old Occitan terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Old Occitan terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Old Occitan lemmas
- Old Occitan verbs