girar

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin gȳrāre. Cognate with Spanish girar, yirar, English gyrate, Italian girare, Occitan girar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Northwestern) [ʒiˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [d͡ʒiˈɾaɾ]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

girar (first-person singular present giro, first-person singular preterite girí, past participle girat)

1. to turn
2. (obsolete) to translate

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of girar (first conjugation)

infinitive			girar
gerund			girant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		girat		girada
		plural		girats		girades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	giro	gires	gira	girem	gireu	giren
	imperfect	girava	giraves	girava	giràvem	giràveu	giraven
	future	giraré	giraràs	girarà	girarem	girareu	giraran
	preterite	girí	girares	girà	giràrem	giràreu	giraren
	conditional	giraria	giraries	giraria	giraríem	giraríeu	girarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	giri	giris	giri	girem	gireu	girin
	imperfect	girés	giressis	girés	giréssim	giréssiu	giressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	gira	giri	girem	gireu	girin
	negative (no)	—	no giris	no giri	no girem	no gireu	no girin

Derived terms

• capgirar
• caragirat
• gira
• gira-sol
• giracamises
• girada
• giradís
• girador
• girament
• giratori
• giravolt
• girell
• girientorn
• regirar

Further reading

• “girar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Kala Lagaw Ya

Verb

girar

1. to dance

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin gȳrāre.

Verb

girar

1. to turn

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		girar			aver girat
gerund		girant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		girat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	giri	giras	gira	giram	giratz	giran
	imperfect	giravi	giravas	girava	giràvem	giràvetz	giravan
	preterite	girèri	girères	girèt	girèrem	girèretz	girèron
	future	girarai	giraràs	girarà	girarem	giraretz	giraràn
	conditional	girariái	girariás	girariá	girariam	girariatz	girarián
	conditional 2nd form1	girèra	girèras	girèra	gireram	gireratz	girèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	gire	gires	gire	girem	giretz	giren
	imperfect	girèssi	girèsses	girèsse	girèssem	girèssetz	girèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			gira		girem	giratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		girar			aver girat
gerund		girant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		girat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	gire	gires	gira	giram	giratz	giron
	imperfect	girave	giraves	girava	giraviam	giraviatz	giravon
	preterite	girere	gireres	giret	girem	giretz	gireron
	future	girarai	giraràs	girará	girarem	giraretz	girarán
	conditional	girariá	girariás	girariá	girariam	girariatz	girarián
	conditional 2nd form1	girèra	girèras	girèra	gireram	gireratz	girèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	gire	gires	gire	girassiam	girassiatz	giron
	imperfect	giresse	giresses	giresse	giressiam	giressiatz	giresson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			gira		girassiam	giratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		girar			aver girat
gerund		girant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		girat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	giri	giras	gira	giram	giratz	giran
	imperfect	giravi	giravas	girava	giràvam	giràvatz	giravan
	preterite	girèi	girès	girè	girèm	girètz	girèn
	future	girarèi	giraràs	girarà	giraram	giraratz	giraràn
	conditional	girarí	girarés	giraré	girarem	giraretz	girarén
	conditional 2nd form1	girèra	girèras	girèra	gireram	gireratz	girèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	giri	gires	gire	girem	giretz	giren
	imperfect	girèssi	girèsses	girèsse	girèssem	girèssetz	girèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			gira		girem	giratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		girar			aver girat
gerund		girant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		girat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	gire	giras	gira	giram	giratz	giran
	imperfect	girava	giravas	girava	giràvam	giràvatz	giravan
	preterite	girei	gireras	giret	girèram	girèratz	gireran
	future	girarai	giraràs	girará	girarem	giraretz	girarán
	conditional	girariá	girariàs	girariá	girariam	girariatz	girarián
	conditional 2nd form1	girèra	girèras	girèra	gireram	gireratz	girèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	gire	gires	gire	girem	giretz	giren
	imperfect	girèsse	girèsses	girèsse	girèssem	girèssetz	girèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			gira		girem	giratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		girar			aver girat
gerund		girant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		girat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	gire	gires	gira	giram	giratz	giran
	imperfect	giravi	giravas	girava	giràvem	giràvetz	giravan
	preterite	girère	girères	girèt	gireriam	gireriatz	girèron
	future	girarai	giraràs	girarà	girarem	giraretz	giraràn
	conditional	girariáu	girariás	girariá	girariam	girariatz	girarián
	conditional 2nd form1	girèra	girèras	girèra	gireram	gireratz	girèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	gire	gires	gire	girem	giretz	giran
	imperfect	girèsse	girèsses	girèsse	giressiam	giressiatz	girèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			gira		girem	giratz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gew-der.

Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros)bor.

Latin gȳrus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin gȳrāre

Portuguese girar

From Latin gȳrāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ʒiˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ʒiˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa(ʁ)/ [ʒiˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʒiˈɾa.ɾi/

• Audio (Brazil (Caipira)):

  (file)

Verb

girar (first-person singular present giro, first-person singular preterite girei, past participle girado)

1. (intransitive) to turn; to rotate (change one’s own orientation)
2. (transitive) to turn; to rotate (change the orientation of something)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of girar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	girar
Personal	girar	girares	girar	girarmos	girardes	girarem
Gerund
	girando
Past participle
Masculine	girado			girados
Feminine	girada			giradas
Indicative
Present	giro	giras	gira	giramos	girais	giram
Imperfect	girava	giravas	girava	girávamos	giráveis	giravam
Preterite	girei	giraste	girou	giramos1, girámos2	girastes	giraram
Pluperfect	girara	giraras	girara	giráramos	giráreis	giraram
Future	girarei	girarás	girará	giraremos	girareis	girarão
Conditional	giraria	girarias	giraria	giraríamos	giraríeis	girariam
Subjunctive
Present	gire	gires	gire	giremos	gireis	girem
Imperfect	girasse	girasses	girasse	girássemos	girásseis	girassem
Future	girar	girares	girar	girarmos	girardes	girarem
Imperative
Affirmative		gira	gire	giremos	girai	girem
Negative (não)		não gires	não gire	não giremos	não gireis	não girem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Synonyms

• virar, rotar, rotacionar, rodar

Related terms

• giro

Further reading

• “girar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “girar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin gȳrāre, from Latin gȳrus (“circle”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros). Doublet of yirar. Compare with Aragonese chirar, French gyrer, Galician xirar, Portuguese girar, Italian girare. Akin to English gyrate, gyro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xiˈɾaɾ/ [xiˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: gi‧rar

Verb

girar (first-person singular present giro, first-person singular preterite giré, past participle girado)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to turn, pivot

   Gira a la izquierda.

   Turn to the left.

2. to spin, rotate, revolve, twirl, gyrate

   La tierra gira alrededor del sol.

   The earth revolves around the sun.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of girar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			girar
gerund			girando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		girado		girada
		plural		girados		giradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	giro	girastú girásvos	gira	giramos	giráis	giran
	imperfect	giraba	girabas	giraba	girábamos	girabais	giraban
	preterite	giré	giraste	giró	giramos	girasteis	giraron
	future	giraré	girarás	girará	giraremos	giraréis	girarán
	conditional	giraría	girarías	giraría	giraríamos	giraríais	girarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	gire	girestú girésvos2	gire	giremos	giréis	giren
	imperfect (ra)	girara	giraras	girara	giráramos	girarais	giraran
	imperfect (se)	girase	girases	girase	girásemos	giraseis	girasen
	future1	girare	girares	girare	giráremos	girareis	giraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		giratú girávos	gire	giremos	girad	giren
	negative		no gires	no gire	no giremos	no giréis	no giren

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of girar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive girar	dative	girarme	girarte	girarle, girarse	girarnos	giraros	girarles, girarse
	accusative	girarme	girarte	girarlo, girarla, girarse	girarnos	giraros	girarlos, girarlas, girarse
with gerund girando	dative	girándome	girándote	girándole, girándose	girándonos	girándoos	girándoles, girándose
	accusative	girándome	girándote	girándolo, girándola, girándose	girándonos	girándoos	girándolos, girándolas, girándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative gira	dative	gírame	gírate	gírale	gíranos	not used	gírales
	accusative	gírame	gírate	gíralo, gírala	gíranos	not used	gíralos, gíralas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative girá	dative	girame	girate	girale	giranos	not used	girales
	accusative	girame	girate	giralo, girala	giranos	not used	giralos, giralas
with formal second-person singular imperative gire	dative	gíreme	not used	gírele, gírese	gírenos	not used	gíreles
	accusative	gíreme	not used	gírelo, gírela, gírese	gírenos	not used	gírelos, gírelas
with first-person plural imperative giremos	dative	not used	girémoste	girémosle	girémonos	girémoos	girémosles
	accusative	not used	girémoste	girémoslo, girémosla	girémonos	girémoos	girémoslos, girémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative girad	dative	giradme	not used	giradle	giradnos	giraos	giradles
	accusative	giradme	not used	giradlo, giradla	giradnos	giraos	giradlos, giradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative giren	dative	gírenme	not used	gírenle	gírennos	not used	gírenles, gírense
	accusative	gírenme	not used	gírenlo, gírenla	gírennos	not used	gírenlos, gírenlas, gírense

Derived terms

• gira
• girada
• giradiscos
• girador
• giramiento
• girante
• girasol

Related terms

• giro

Descendants

• → Tagalog: hira

See also

• doblar

Further reading

• “girar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swedish

Noun

girar

1. indefinite plural of gir

Verb

girar

1. present indicative of gira