haram

See also: Haram, haŕam, and hárám

English

Alternative forms

• haraam

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām). Doublet of harem and herem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /həˈɹɑːm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːm

Noun

haram (plural harams)

1. (Islam) A sin.
   • 2003, M. Sıddık Gümüş, Advice For The Muslim, page 258:

     In case of necessity it is permissible to change one's madhhab or to do a few things according to another madhhab. It is haram to cheat in order to omit a fard or commit a haram.

   • 2012, Manal Hamzeh, Pedagogies of Deveiling: Muslim Girls and the Hijab Discourse, page 82:

     In Arabic, haram is the noun derived from the verb hrm, the opposite of what it allowed.

Adjective

haram (not comparable)

Roast pig. Pork is haram (adjective) in Islam, and is therefore avoided by Muslims.

1. (Islam, fiqh) Forbidden by Islam: unlawful, sinful.

   Synonym: nonhalal

   Antonym: halal

   • 2005, Anoushiravan Ehteshami, Globalization and Geopolitics in the Middle East: Old Games, New Rules‎^[2], Taylor & Francis e-Library, →ISBN, page 135:

     I can’t speak about sex with my friends in Arabic. The words are too heavy and culturally loaded. It all sounds haram (sinful).

   • 2007, Andreas Jobst, The Economics of Islamic Finance and Securitization‎^[3]:

     […] collateral assets must not be debt, cash or prohibited as haram (sinful activity) and must not be associated in any way with unethical or exploitative operations or with speculation and uncertainty (gharar) […]

   • 2012 April 30, Wendell Steavenson, “Radicals Rising”, in The New Yorker:

     A year ago, the Party didn't even exist; some Salafi preachers had deemed democracy haram—forbidden under Islamic law.

Derived terms

• Boko Haram
• harami
• haramization
• haramize
• haramness
• haram police
• nonharam

Translations

forbidden by Islam

• Afrikaans: haraam
• Albanian: haram (sq)
• Arabic: حَرَام (ḥarām)
• Azerbaijani: həram
• Bashkir: харам (xaram)
• Bengali: হারাম (bn) (haram)
• Cebuano: haram
• Chechen: хьарам (ḥʳaram)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 哈拉姆 (hālāmǔ)

• Dutch: haram (nl)
• Finnish: haraam
• French: haram (fr)
• Greek:

  Pontic Greek: χαράμ (charám)

• Hebrew: חַרַאם (haram)
• Hindi: हराम (hi) (harām)
• Indonesian: haram (id)
• Interlingua: haram
• Italian: haram m or f
• Japanese: ハラーム (ja) (harāmu)
• Kazakh: арам (aram)
• Khmer: ហារ៉ាម (haaraam)
• Korean: 하람 (haram)
• Kumyk: гьарам (haram)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: حەرام (ḧeram)

  Northern Kurdish: please add this translation if you can

• Kyrgyz: арам (ky) (aram)
• Malay: haram (ms)
• Malayalam: ഹറാം (haṟāṁ)
• Marathi: हराम (harām)
• Pashto: please add this translation if you can
• Persian: حرام (fa) (harâm)
• Polish: haram (pl)
• Portuguese: haram (pt)
• Punjabi: ਹਰਾਮ (harām)
• Rohingya: háram
• Russian: хара́мный (ru) (xarámnyj)
• Serbo-Croatian: please add this translation if you can
• Swahili: haramu (sw)
• Swedish: haram (sv)
• Tajik: ҳаром (harom)
• Tatar: харам (xaram)
• Thai: ฮะรอม
• Turkish: haram (tr)
• Turkmen: haraam
• Urdu: حرام (harām)
• Uyghur: ھارام (haram)
• Uzbek: harom (uz)
• Yiddish: כאַראַם (kharam)

See also

• assur
• possul, equivalent in Judaism

Anagrams

• Hamar, Marah, Mahar, Ramah, marah

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		һарам
Arabic		حرام

Alternative forms

• həram

Etymology

From Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hɑˈrɑm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

haram (comparative daha haram, superlative ən haram)

1. (Islam, fiqh) haram (forbidden by Islam: unlawful, sinful)

   Antonym: halal

2. dishonest, dirty (earned or acquired in an unfair manner)

   Antonym: halal

   haram pul ― dirty money

Derived terms

• haramlıq

Interjection

haram

1. shame on you; may it not benefit you

   Haram olsun sənə verdiyim ürək!

   Shame on you for having broken my heart!

   (literally, “May the heart I gave you be haram for you; may it not benefit you”)

References

• Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “haram”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[4] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 2, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, page 330

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām). Doublet of harem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əˈɾam]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [aˈɾam]

Adjective

haram (invariable)

1. haram

   Antonym: halal

Further reading

• “haram”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Central Bikol

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haˈɾam/ [haˈɾam]
• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈɾam/ [ʔaˈɾam] (h-dropping)
• Hyphenation: ha‧ram

Noun

harám (Basahan spelling ᜑᜍᜋ᜔)

1. (Sorsogon) alternative form of hadam

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦaːˈraːm/, /ɦaːˈrɑm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ha‧ram

Adjective

haram (not comparable)

1. (Islam) haram, forbidden, not allowed

   Antonym: halal

Declension

When pronounced /ɦaːˈraːm/

Declension of haram
uninflected	haram
inflected	harame
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		haram
indefinite	m./f. sing.	harame
	n. sing.	haram
	plural	harame
definite		harame
partitive		harams

When pronounced /ɦaːˈrɑm/

Declension of haram
uninflected	haram
inflected	haramme
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		haram
indefinite	m./f. sing.	haramme
	n. sing.	haram
	plural	haramme
definite		haramme
partitive		harams

Related terms

• harem

Adverb

haram (comparative haramer, superlative haramst)

1. (Islam) in a way that is forbidden

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑrɑm/, [ˈhɑ̝rɑ̝m]
• Rhymes: -ɑrɑm
• Syllabification^(key): ha‧ram
• Hyphenation^(key): ha‧ram

Adjective

haram

1. (Islam) haram

Declension

Inflection of haram (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		haram	haramit
genitive		haramin	haramien
partitive		haramia	harameja
illative		haramiin	harameihin
		singular	plural
nominative		haram	haramit
accusative	nom.	haram	haramit
	gen.	haramin
genitive		haramin	haramien
partitive		haramia	harameja
inessive		haramissa	harameissa
elative		haramista	harameista
illative		haramiin	harameihin
adessive		haramilla	harameilla
ablative		haramilta	harameilta
allative		haramille	harameille
essive		haramina	harameina
translative		haramiksi	harameiksi
abessive		haramitta	harameitta
instructive		—	haramein
comitative		—	harameine

Possessive forms of haram (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative haramini haramini accusative nom. haramini haramini gen. haramini genitive haramini haramieni partitive haramiani haramejani inessive haramissani harameissani elative haramistani harameistani illative haramiini harameihini adessive haramillani harameillani ablative haramiltani harameiltani allative haramilleni harameilleni essive haraminani harameinani translative haramikseni harameikseni abessive haramittani harameittani instructive — — comitative — harameineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative haramisi haramisi accusative nom. haramisi haramisi gen. haramisi genitive haramisi haramiesi partitive haramiasi haramejasi inessive haramissasi harameissasi elative haramistasi harameistasi illative haramiisi harameihisi adessive haramillasi harameillasi ablative haramiltasi harameiltasi allative haramillesi harameillesi essive haraminasi harameinasi translative haramiksesi harameiksesi abessive haramittasi harameittasi instructive — — comitative — harameinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative haramimme haramimme accusative nom. haramimme haramimme gen. haramimme genitive haramimme haramiemme partitive haramiamme haramejamme inessive haramissamme harameissamme elative haramistamme harameistamme illative haramiimme harameihimme adessive haramillamme harameillamme ablative haramiltamme harameiltamme allative haramillemme harameillemme essive haraminamme harameinamme translative haramiksemme harameiksemme abessive haramittamme harameittamme instructive — — comitative — harameinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative haraminne haraminne accusative nom. haraminne haraminne gen. haraminne genitive haraminne haramienne partitive haramianne haramejanne inessive haramissanne harameissanne elative haramistanne harameistanne illative haramiinne harameihinne adessive haramillanne harameillanne ablative haramiltanne harameiltanne allative haramillenne harameillenne essive haraminanne harameinanne translative haramiksenne harameiksenne abessive haramittanne harameittanne instructive — — comitative — harameinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative haraminsa haraminsa accusative nom. haraminsa haraminsa gen. haraminsa genitive haraminsa haramiensa partitive haramiaan haramiansa haramejaan haramejansa inessive haramissaan haramissansa harameissaan harameissansa elative haramistaan haramistansa harameistaan harameistansa illative haramiinsa harameihinsa adessive haramillaan haramillansa harameillaan harameillansa ablative haramiltaan haramiltansa harameiltaan harameiltansa allative haramilleen haramillensa harameilleen harameillensa essive haraminaan haraminansa harameinaan harameinansa translative haramikseen haramiksensa harameikseen harameiksensa abessive haramittaan haramittansa harameittaan harameittansa instructive — — comitative — harameineen harameinensa

See also

• halal

Hausa

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hà.râm/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [hà.râŋ]

Noun

hàr̃âm m (possessed form hàr̃āmùn)

1. (Islam) any haram act; a sin or forbidden deed in Islam

   Antonym: halal

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay haram, from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām). Doublet of harem.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈharam/ [ˈha.ram]
• Rhymes: -aram
• Syllabification: ha‧ram

Adjective

haram (comparative lebih haram, superlative paling haram)

1. (Islam) haram: forbidden by Islam: unlawful, sinful

   Antonym: halal

2. (Islam) sacrosanct, sacred, holy

   Synonym: suci

3. forbidden, unlawful

   Antonyms: halal, sah

Derived terms

• mengharamkan
• pengharaman

• haram jadah
• haram zadah

Further reading

• “haram”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /aˈram/, (careful style) /xaˈram/

Adjective

haram (invariable)

1. haram

Antonyms

• halal

Ladino

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حرام (haram), from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Adjective

haram (Latin spelling)

1. ill-gotten, something that is enjoyed without deserving it

   De lo haram no se ve hayre.

   From ill-gotten gains no profit comes.

Related terms

• harambusha
• haramdjí

Latin

Noun

haram

1. accusative singular of hara

Malay

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ha.ram]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -aram, -ram, -am
• Hyphenation: ha‧ram

Adjective

haram (Jawi spelling حرام, comparative lebih haram, superlative paling haram)

1. (Islam) haram, forbidden

   Antonym: halal

2. (law) forbidden, illegal, prohibited

   Antonym: sah

   Akta Pencegahan Pengubahan Wang Haram, Pencegahan Pembiayaan Keganasan dan Hasil daripada Aktiviti Haram 2001 [Akta 613]

   Anti-Money Laundering, Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act 2001 [Act 613]

3. sacrosanct, sacred, holy

   Synonym: suci

   Tanah Haram ― The Holy Lands (Mecca and Medina)

4. (colloquial, used as an intensifier) damn, bloody
5. (colloquial, used in the negative) (not a) single, damn

   Apa dia cakap ni? Sepatah haram pun aku tak faham.

   What's he talking about? I can't even understand a damn thing.

Descendants

• Indonesian: haram

References

• "haram" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām). Doublet of harém.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈɾɐ̃/ [haˈɾɐ̃]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈɾɐ̃/ [haˈɾɐ̃]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁaˈɾɐ̃/ [χaˈɾɐ̃]

• Rhymes: -ɐ̃

Adjective

haram (invariable)

1. (Islam) haram (forbidden by Islamic law)

Further reading

• haraam on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^pt

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حرام (haram).

Noun

haram n (plural haramuri)

1. haram
2. robbery

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	haram	haramul		haramuri	haramurile
genitive-dative	haram	haramului		haramuri	haramurilor
vocative	haramule			haramurilor

References

• haram in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هَرَم (haram).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

haram class V (plural maharam class VI)

1. pyramid

   Synonym: piramidi

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Adjective

haram (not comparable, indeclinable)

1. (Islam) haram

   Antonym: halal

See also

• harem

References

• Fula Ordboken

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• haraam

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَرَام (ḥarām).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /haˈɾam/ [hɐˈɾam]
• Rhymes: -am
• Syllabification: ha‧ram

Adjective

haram (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜇᜋ᜔) (Islam)

1. haram (forbidden by Islam)

See also

• halal

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish حَرٰامْ (haram), from Arabic حَرَامٌ m or f (ḥarāmun).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hä.ɾäm]
• Hyphenation: ha‧ram

Adjective

haram

1. (Islam, fiqh) haram (forbidden by religion)

   Antonym: helal (“halal”)