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kobold

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Kobold

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from German Kobold. Doublet of cobalt.

Noun

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kobold (plural kobolds or (rare) kobolde)

  1. (German mythology) An ambivalent, sometimes vindictive, spirit that is capable of materialising as an object or human, often a child; a sprite.
    • 1904, Andrew Lang (collector), author and translator not identified, The Mermaid and the Boy, The Brown Fairy Book, page 176,
      At this point a cock crew, and the youth jumped up hastily saying : 'Of course I shall ride with the king to the war, and if I do not return, take your violin every evening to the seashore and play on it, so that the very sea-kobolds who live at the bottom of the ocean may hear it and come to you.'
    • 2009, Robert Grant Haliburton, The Dwarfs of Mount Atlas: Collected Papers on the Curious Anthropology of Robert Grant Haliburton, page 75:
      Movers, in the first chapter of his Phönizier, says that that group of deities called Dactyls, Cabiri, Corybantes, and Cyclopes, were similar to those old Germanic divinities now known as Kobolds.
  2. (German folklore) A mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household.
    • a. 1867, George MacDonald, The Shadows, 2000 [1980], The Golden Key and Other Stories, page 96,
      The king had seen all kinds of gnomes, goblins, and kobolds at his coronation; [] .
    • 1977, James Buchanan Given, Society and Homicide in Thirteenth-Century England, published 2007, page 138:
      Among the nonhuman creatures that peopled rural Europe in the Middle Ages — the fairies, elves, dwarfs, trolls, and kobolds — there were beneficent female spirits who patronized those households that treated them well.
    • 2011, William Wirt Sikes, Varla Ventura, The Occult Powers of Goats and Other Welsh Tales of Goblins, Fairies, Gnomes, and Elves, unnumbered page:
      In Germany also the kobolds are rather troublesome than otherwise, to the miners, taking pleasure in frustrating their objects, and rendering their toil unfruitful.
  3. (fantasy literature) One of a diminutive and usually malevolent race of beings, often with a reptilian or dog-like appearance.
    • 2005, Scott Elliot Hicks, The Shattering Light of Stars, page 62:
      There were also various trolls like great smiling badgers, brownies darting about laughing, dwarves with large gray heads, sensuous mermaids, stony kobolds, green gnomes, sirens and many elves, who were busy purifying the sacred hilltop in a mythological cooperation marvelous to the soul's perception.

Synonyms

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  • (hostile supernatural creature): See goblin

Translations

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Dutch

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Etymology

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18th century. Borrowed from German Kobold. Doublet with kabouter.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkoː.bɔlt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ko‧bold

Noun

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kobold m (plural kobolden, diminutive koboldje n, feminine koboldin)

  1. kobold
    • 1789, Justus Christiaan Hennings (= Justus Christian Hennings), Onzydige en beproefde gedagten, over de leer aangaande geesten en geesten-zieners, vol. 3, tr. from German, Arend Fokke Simonszoon (publ.), page 324.
      Ik kan my heel wél te binnen brengen, dat deze perzoonen, naderhand, veel geruster en veiliger hebben huisgehouden, toen het eens was beslist, dat Spooken en Kobolden by hen niet wierden aangenomen.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1873, R. R. Rijkens, De reiziger. Aardrijkskundige beschrijvingen en schilderingen. Leesboek voor de hoogste klasse der lagereschool, 3rd revised edition, J. B. Wolters, page 94:
      Het volk in de nabijheid der hooge bergmeren gelooft nog aan allerlei kobolden, elfen, nikkers, water- en berggeesten.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
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French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kobold m (plural kobolds)

  1. kobold

Further reading

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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkobold]
  • Hyphenation: ko‧bold
  • Rhymes: -old

Noun

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kobold (plural koboldok)

  1. kobold

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kobold koboldok
accusative koboldot koboldokat
dative koboldnak koboldoknak
instrumental kobolddal koboldokkal
causal-final koboldért koboldokért
translative kobolddá koboldokká
terminative koboldig koboldokig
essive-formal koboldként koboldokként
essive-modal
inessive koboldban koboldokban
superessive koboldon koboldokon
adessive koboldnál koboldoknál
illative koboldba koboldokba
sublative koboldra koboldokra
allative koboldhoz koboldokhoz
elative koboldból koboldokból
delative koboldról koboldokról
ablative koboldtól koboldoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
koboldé koboldoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
koboldéi koboldokéi
Possessive forms of kobold
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. koboldom koboldjaim
2nd person sing. koboldod koboldjaid
3rd person sing. koboldja koboldjai
1st person plural koboldunk koboldjaink
2nd person plural koboldotok koboldjaitok
3rd person plural koboldjuk koboldjaik
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Further reading

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  • kobold in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
kobold

Etymology

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Borrowed from German Kobold.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kobold m animal

  1. (Germanic folklore) kobold (ambivalent, sometimes vindictive, spirit that is capable of materialising as an object or human, often a child)
  2. (Germanic folklore) kobold (mischievous elf or goblin, or one connected (and helpful) to a family or household)

Declension

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Further reading

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  • kobold in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • kobold in PWN's encyclopedia

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French kobold.

Noun

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kobold m (plural kobolzi)

  1. kobold

Declension

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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative kobold koboldul kobolzi kobolzii
genitive-dative kobold koboldului kobolzi kobolzilor
vocative koboldule kobolzilor

References

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  • kobold in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN