libido

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See also: Libido and libidó

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō (“lust, desire”). Used originally in psychoanalytic contexts.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (UK) IPA(key): /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːdəʊ

Noun[edit]

libido (countable and uncountable, plural libidos)

  1. (common usage) Sexual urges or drives.
    Synonym: (vulgar) horniness
    Antonym: boredom
    Good grief man, control your libido!
    • 1991, “Smells Like Teen Spirit”, in Nevermind, performed by Nirvana:
      A mulatto, an albino / A mosquito, my libido
  2. (psychology) Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
    Antonyms: destrudo, mortido
    Hypernym: drive
    For Freudians, libido means the desire to "unite and bind" with objects in the world.
    The ego as an organ which seeks to synthesize thoughts in the psyche is said to be driven by libido or eros.
  3. (astronomy, archaic or misused, an occasional carry-over from astrology to astronomy) Synonym of albedo in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.

Descendants[edit]

  • → Mandarin: 力比多 (lìbǐduō)
  • → Irish: libídeo
  • → Japanese: リビドー (ribidō)
  • → Korean: 리비도 (ribido)

Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

Czech[edit]

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈlɪbɪdo]
  • Hyphenation: li‧bi‧do

Noun[edit]

libido n

  1. libido

Declension[edit]

Declension
singular plural
nominative libido libida
genitive libida libid
dative libidu libidům
accusative libido libida
vocative libido libida
locative libidu libidech
instrumental libidem libidy

Further reading[edit]

  • libido in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • libido in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Finnish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈlibido/, [ˈlibido̞]
  • Rhymes: -ibido
  • Syllabification: li‧bi‧do

Noun[edit]

libido

  1. libido

Declension[edit]

Inflection of libido (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative libido libidot
genitive libidon libidojen
partitive libidoa libidoja
illative libidoon libidoihin
singular plural
nominative libido libidot
accusative nom. libido libidot
gen. libidon
genitive libidon libidojen
partitive libidoa libidoja
inessive libidossa libidoissa
elative libidosta libidoista
illative libidoon libidoihin
adessive libidolla libidoilla
ablative libidolta libidoilta
allative libidolle libidoille
essive libidona libidoina
translative libidoksi libidoiksi
instructive — libidoin
abessive libidotta libidoitta
comitative — libidoineen
Possessive forms of libido (type valo)
possessor singular plural
1st person libidoni libidomme
2nd person libidosi libidonne
3rd person libidonsa

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

libido f (usually uncountable, plural libidos)

  1. sex drive, libido

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Italian[edit]

Noun[edit]

libido f (invariable)

  1. (psychoanalysis) libido

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *luβēō (“to desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love, care, desire”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

libīdō f (genitive libīdinis); third declension

  1. desire, fancy, inclination, longing, pleasure
  2. caprice, passion, wantonness
    • 55 BCE, Cicero, De Oratore 3.1:
      Haec tibi est incīdenda lingua, quā vel ēvulsā spīritū ipsō libīdinem tuam lībertās mea refūtābit.
      (For that) you must sever this tongue of mine, and even if it is torn out, the freedom in my very breath will confound your wantonness.
  3. lust, sensuality
    Libīdō vincit omnia.
    Lust fetters everything.
    • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, De brevitate vitae 7:
      In prīmīs autem et illōs numerō quī nūllī reī nisi vīnō ac libīdinī vacant; nūllī enim turpius occupātī sunt.
      But among the worst I count also those who have time for nothing but wine and lust; for none have more shameful engrossments.
    • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 3.44:
      Maiōre adhūc ac turpiōre īnfāmiā flagrāvit, vix ut referrī audīrīve, nēdum crēdī fās sit, quasi puerōs prīmae teneritūdinis, quōs pisciculōs vocābat, īnstitueret, ut natantī sibi inter femina versārentur ac lūderent linguā morsūque sēnsim adpetentēs; atque etiam quasi īnfantēs firmiōrēs, necdum tamen lacte dēpulsōs, inguinī ceu papillae admovēret, prōnior sānē ad id genus libīdinis et nātūrā et aetāte.
      He was excited with a greater and more shameful infamy, that hardly can be told or heard, by no means be believed to be allowed by the gods, like how he trained little boys of the tenderest age, which he called 'little fish', to go around between his thighs and rouse his senses with the tongue and by biting, while he was swimming; or even how he put stronger babies, not weaned yet, to his genitals as if to nipples, certainly more inclined to this kind of lechery by nature as well as by age.

Declension[edit]

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative libīdō libīdinēs
Genitive libīdinis libīdinum
Dative libīdinī libīdinibus
Accusative libīdinem libīdinēs
Ablative libīdine libīdinibus
Vocative libīdō libīdinēs

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • “libido”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • “libido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • libido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
    • to be carried away by one's passions: libidine ferri
    • to abandon oneself (entirely) to debauchery: se (totum) libidinibus dedere
    • to bridle one's desires: refrenare cupiditates, libidines
    • to arouse some one's lust: libidinem alicuius excitare
    • the passions win the day: libido dominatur (Or. 65. 219)
    • the storm of passion has abated: libido consēdit

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

From Latin libīdō.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /liˈbi.dɔ/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -idɔ
  • Syllabification: li‧bi‧do

Noun[edit]

libido n (indeclinable)

  1. (common usage) libido (sexual urges or drives)
    Synonyms: popęd seksualny, pożądanie seksualne, chuć
  2. (psychoanalysis) libido (drives or mental energies related or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves)

Further reading[edit]

  • libido in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • libido in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Noun[edit]

libido f (plural libidos)

  1. (psychology) libido (sexual urges or drives)
  2. (psychology) libido (drives based on sexual instincts)

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin libido or French libido.

Noun[edit]

libido n (uncountable)

  1. sex drive, libido

Declension[edit]

declension of libido (singular only)
singular
n gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) libido libidoul
genitive/dative (unui) libido libidoului
vocative libidoule

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin libīdō

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /lǐbido/
  • Hyphenation: li‧bi‧do

Noun[edit]

lìbido m (Cyrillic spelling лѝбидо)

  1. libido

Declension[edit]

Declension of libido
singular plural
nominative libido libida
genitive libida libida
dative libidu libidima
accusative libido libida
vocative libido libida
locative libidu libidima
instrumental libidom libidima

Related terms[edit]

Slovak[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

libido n (genitive singular libida, nominative plural libidá, genitive plural libíd, declension pattern of mesto)

  1. libido

Declension[edit]

Declension of libido
singular plural
nominative libido libidá
genitive libida libíd
dative libidu libidám
accusative libido libidá
locative libide libidách
instrumental libidom libidami

Further reading[edit]

  • libido in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin libīdō.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

lȋbido m inan

  1. libido

Inflection[edit]

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. líbido
gen. sing. líbida
singular dual plural
nominative líbido líbida líbidi
accusative líbido líbida líbide
genitive líbida líbidov líbidov
dative líbidu líbidoma líbidom
locative líbidu líbidih líbidih
instrumental líbidom líbidoma líbidi

Derived terms[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin libīdo.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /liˈbido/, [liˈβ̞i.ð̞o]
  • Rhymes: -ido
  • Hyphenation: li‧bi‧do

Usage notes[edit]

  • There is a certain tendency to pronounce libido as /ˈli.bi.do/ due to the influence of lívido, but this pronunciation is incorrect according to the Spanish orthography and thus not recommended.[2]

Noun[edit]

libido f (plural libidos)

  1. libido, sex drive

References[edit]

  1. ^ “libido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
  2. ^ “libido” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, primera edición, Real Academia Española, 2005.

Further reading[edit]

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