rakstīt
Latvian
Etymology
Originally the iterative form of rakt (“to dig”), in parallel to other forms such as rakāt, rakņāt (cf. lēkt “to jump,” lēkāt, lakstīt “to jump repeatedly”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Baltic *rak-, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *rek-, *erk- (“to rip up, to rip open, to skin, to flay”), from the stem *er- (“loose, rare, sparse”) (whence also Latvian irt “to disintegrate”). The verb rakt had earlier meanings such as “to pierce,” “to rasp,” “to scrape;” its iterative counterpart has then changed from “to scrape, rasp repeatedly” → “to make marks (on a surface), to carve” → “to write (inscriptions)” → “to write (in general).” The noun raksts is a nominalized form of the same stem; some consider it a back-formation from rakstīt, whereas others think that it is older (with the original meaning of “mark, sign”) and perhaps the original source of rakstīt, which would then be derived from it. Cognates include Lithuanian rašýti.[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
rakstīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present rakstu, raksti, raksta, past rakstīju)
- to write (to fix (a word, a sentence, a text by means of writing; to make, form letters with a writing instrument)
- prast labi rakstīt ― to know how to write well
- mācīties rakstīt ar rakstāmmašīnu ― to learn to type (lit. write) with a typewriter
- rakstīt diktātu ― to write a dictation
- mācīties rakstīt burtus ― to learn to write the letters, the alphabet
- tu vari rakstīt arī šos vārdus par devīzi ― you can also write these words as (your) motto
- lekcijā visus valodu piemērus profesors nekļūdīgi rakstījis no galvas ― during the class, the professor (had) written all language examples from memory without mistakes
- mēs rakstām... katru līniju, katru burta līkumu Jānis izvelk ar nopietnību ― we are writing... every line, every stroke of (every) letter Jānis drew with (full) seriousness
- to write (to send a letter, a written message, to someone)
- tu raksti tam, kas tevi sapratīs ― you (should) write to someone who understands you
- to write (to be usable for writing)
- pildspalva raksta viegli, it kā pati no sevis ― the pen writes easily, as if by itself
- to write (to compose, to create an original text, expressing one's ideas, feelings, etc.)
- rakstīt dzejoļus, lugu ― to write poems, a play
- rakstīt referāta tezes ― to write an abstract
- rakstīt ievadrakstu ― to write an introduction
- rakstīt interviju ― to write an interview
- rakstīt par dabas aizsardzību ― to write about nature conservation
- rakstīt par zinātnes sasniegumiem ― to write about the achievements of science
- franču prese daudz raksta par izglītības problēmām ― the French press writes a lot about education problems
- (of music, used only in songs, etc.) to write, to compose
- rakstīt simfoniju ― to write a symphony
- rakstīt operu ― to write opera
- bija jau sen zināms, ka Ravels ir smagi slims, ka viņš vairs nespēj mūziku rakstīt ― it had been known for a while that Ravel was very sick, that he no longer could write music
- (of clothes, fabric, metal etc.) to sew, to knit, to weave, to forge in such a way that the resulting object contains symbols, letters, patterns
- sieva auda un rakstīja cauru nakti skaistu, skaistu lakatu ― (his) wife knitted and inscribed through the night a beautiful, beautiful scarf
- rakstītos gredzenos Saule un Mēness atstarosies ― in the inscribed rings, the Sun and the Moon were reflected (= their light was reflected on the rings)
Conjugation
Antonyms
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- other derived terms:
Related terms
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “rakstīt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with broken intonation
- Latvian transitive verbs
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian verbs
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- lv:Music
- Latvian terms used only in songs
- Latvian third conjugation verbs
- Latvian third conjugation verbs in -īt