English
Etymology
From Middle French republique ( “ republic ” ) , borrowed from Latin rēpūblicā , ablative singular of rēspūblica ( “ republic ” ) , from rēs ( “ thing ” ) + pūblica ( “ public ” ) ; hence literally “the public thing”.
Pronunciation
IPA (key ) : [ɹɪˈpʌblɪk]
Hyphenation: re‧pub‧lic
Noun
republic (plural republics )
A state where sovereignty rests with the people or their representatives , rather than with a monarch or emperor ; a country with no monarchy .
The United States is a republic ; the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy.
Template:RQ:EHough PrqsPrc
“[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps ? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic ? [ …] ”
( archaic ) A state, which may or may not be a monarchy, in which the executive and legislative branches of government are separate.
1795 , Immanuel Kant , Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch
Republicanism is the political principle of the separation of the executive power (the administration) from the legislative; despotism is that of the autonomous execution by the state of laws which it has itself decreed. [ …] Therefore, we can say: the smaller the personnel of the government (the smaller the number of rulers), the greater is their representation and the more nearly the constitution approaches to the possibility of republicanism; thus the constitution may be expected by gradual reform finally to raise itself to republicanism [ …] . None of the ancient so-called "republics " knew this system, and they all finally and inevitably degenerated into despotism under the sovereignty of one, which is the most bearable of all forms of despotism.
One of the subdivisions constituting Russia . See oblast .
The Republic of Udmurtia is west of the Permian Oblast.
Derived terms
Translations
a type of state
Abkhaz: ( definite ) ареспублика ( arespʼublikʼa )
Afrikaans: republiek (af)
Ainu: レㇲプビリカ
Albanian: republikë (sq) f
Amharic: ሬፑብሊክ ( republik )
Antillean Creole: répiblik
Arabic: جُمْهُورِيَّة f ( jumhūriyya )
Armenian: հանրապետություն (hy) ( hanrapetutʻyun )
Assamese: প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰ ( prozatontro )
Asturian: república (ast) f
Azerbaijani: respublika (az) , cümhuriyyət
Bashkir: республика ( respublika )
Basque: errepublika
Belarusian: рэспу́бліка f ( respúblika )
Bengali: প্রজাতন্ত্র ( projatontro )
Breton: republik f
Bulgarian: репу́блика (bg) f ( repúblika )
Burmese: သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ (my) ( samma.ta.nuingngam )
Catalan: república (ca) f
Chechen: пачхьалкх ( pačḥʳalq )
Chinese:
Dungan: гунхәгуә ( gunhəguə ) , гунхәгуй ( gunhəguy ) , республика ( ri͡əspublika ) , мингуй ( minguy )
Mandarin: 共和國 / 共和国 (zh) ( gònghéguó ) , 共和国 (zh) ( gònghéguó ) , 民國 / 民国 (zh) ( mínguó ) , 民国 (zh) ( mínguó )
Crimean Tatar: cumhuriyet
Cyrillic: джумхуриет
Czech: republika (cs) f
Danish: republik (da) c
Dutch: republiek (nl) f
Erzya: вейсветямо ( vejsveťamo )
Esperanto: respubliko
Estonian: vabariik (et)
Extremaduran: repúbrica f
Faroese: lýðveldi n , tjóðveldi n
Finnish: tasavalta (fi)
French: république (fr) f
Middle French: republique f
Galician: república (gl) f
Georgian: რესპუბლიკა ( resṗubliḳa )
German: Republik (de) f
Greek: δημοκρατία (el) f ( dimokratía )
Ancient: πολιτεία f ( politeía )
Greenlandic: republikki
Gujarati: ગણતંત્ર ? ( gaṇtantra )
Haitian Creole: repiblik
Hausa: jamhuriya
Hebrew: רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה (he) f ( repúblika )
Hindi: गणराज्य (hi) m ( gaṇrājya ) , गणतंत्र (hi) m ( gaṇtantra ) , जम्हूरियत f ( jamhūriyat ) ( rare, Muslim context )
Hungarian: köztársaság (hu)
Icelandic: lýðveldi n
Ido: republiko (io)
Indonesian: republik (id)
Irish: poblacht f
Italian: repubblica (it) f
Japanese: 共和国 (ja) ( きょうわこく, kyōwakoku )
Kalmyk: республик ( respublik )
Kannada: ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ (kn) ( gaṇarājya )
Karelian: tažavalda
Kazakh: республика (kk) ( respublika ) , жұмхұрият ( jūmxūriät ) ( dated )
Khmer: សាធារណរដ្ឋ ( saathiərĕəʼnaʼrŏət )
Korean: 공화국 (ko) ( gonghwaguk ) (共和國 (ko) )
Kurdish:
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Kyrgyz: республика (ky) ( respublika )
Ladino:
Hebrew: ריפובליקה f
Latin: repúvlika f , repúblika f
Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ( sā thā la na lat )
Latin: rēspūblica f
Latvian: republika f
Lithuanian: respublika (lt) f
Low German:
German Low German: Republik f , Republiek f
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Lü: ᦷᦂᧂᧈᦷᦆᧉᦷᦅᧉ ( k̇ong¹xo²ko² )
Macedonian: република f ( republika )
Malagasy: repoblika (mg)
Malay: republik
Malayalam: ഗണതന്ത്രം ( gaṇatantraṁ )
Maltese: repubblika f
Manchu: ᡤᡠᠩᡥᡝᡬᠣ ( gungheg'o ) , ᡳᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ( irgen gurun )
Maori: ripapurika , tūwehe
Marathi: प्रजासत्ताक ? ( prajāsattāk )
Mongolian: бүгд найрамдах улс ( bügd najramdax uls )
Neapolitan: repubbreca f
Nepali: गणतन्त्र (ne) ? ( gaṇatantra )
Nivkh: рэспублиӄа ( respubliqa )
Norman: républyique f ( Jersey )
Northern Sami: dásseváldi
Northern Sotho: repabliki
Norwegian:
Bokmål: republikk (no) m
Nynorsk: republikk (nn) m
Occitan: republica (oc) f
Okinawan: 共和国 ( きょーわくく, kyōwakuku )
Oriya: ଗଣରାଜ୍ୟ (or) ( gaṇarājya )
Ossetian: республикӕ ( respublikæ )
Pashto: جمهوريت (ps) m ( ǰamhuryát )
Persian: جمهوری (fa) ( jomhuri )
Polish: republika (pl) f , rzeczpospolita (pl) f ( special cases )
Portuguese: república (pt) f
Punjabi: ਗਣਰਾਜ ? ( gaṇrāj )
Quechua: ripuwlika
Romanian: republică (ro) f
Russian: респу́блика (ru) f ( respúblika )
Rusyn: респу́бліка f ( respúblika ) (Carpathian), репу́блика f ( repúblyka ) (Pannonian)
Rwanda-Rundi: repubulika , republika
Samogitian: respoblėka f
Scottish Gaelic: poblachd (gd) f , comh-fhlaitheachd f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: репу̀блика f
Roman: repùblika (sh) f
Silesian: republika f
Sinhalese: ජනරජය ? ( janarajaya )
Slovak: republika f
Slovene: republika (sl) f
Solon: uḡeri holēsolara gurung , irḡeng gurung , rēspublik
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: republika f
Upper Sorbian: republika f
Sotho: rephaboliki (st)
Spanish: república (es) f
Swahili: jamhuri (sw)
Swedish: republik (sv) c
Tagalog: kamadlaan , republika
Tajik: ҷумҳурият (tg) ( jumhuriyat )
Tamil: குடியரசு (ta) ( kuṭiyaracu )
Tatar: җөмһүрият ( cömhüriyat ) , республика ( respublika )
Telugu: గణతంత్ర ( gaṇatantra )
Thai: สาธารณรัฐ (th) ( sǎa-taa-rá-ná-rát )
Tibetan: སྤྱི་མཐུན་རྒྱལ་ཁབ ( spyi mthun rgyal khab )
Tsonga: riphabliki
Tswana: rephaboliki
Turkish: cumhuriyet (tr)
Turkmen: respublika
Udmurt: элькун ( eľkun )
Ukrainian: респу́бліка (uk) f ( respúblika )
Urdu: جمہوریہ f ( jamhūriya ) , جمہوریت f ( jamhūriyat )
Uyghur: جۇمھۇرىيەت ( jumhuriyet )
Uzbek: respublika (uz) , jumhuriyat (uz) ( dated )
Venda: riphabuḽiki
Vietnamese: cộng hòa (vi) (共和 )
Volapük: repüblik (vo)
Walloon: republike ?
Welsh: gweriniaeth (cy) f
West Frisian: republyk c
Western Panjabi: لوکراج ( lokrāj )
Yakut: өрөспүүбүлүкэ ( öröspüübülüke )
Yiddish: רעפּובליק f ( republik )
Zhuang: gunghozgoz
one of the kinds of parts constituting Russia
Armenian: հանրապետություն (hy) ( hanrapetutʻyun )
Catalan: república (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 共和國 / 共和国 (zh) ( gònghéguó ) , 共和国 (zh) ( gònghéguó )
Czech: republika (cs) ?
Dutch: republiek (nl) f , deelrepubliek (nl) f
Estonian: vabariik (et)
Finnish: tasavalta (fi)
French: république (fr) f
German: Republik (de) f , Teilrepublik (de)
Greek: δημοκρατία (el) f ( dimokratía )
Icelandic: lýðveldi n
Indonesian: republik (id)
Irish: poblacht f
Italian: repubblica (it) f
Kalmyk: таңһч ( tañğç )
(deprecated template usage ) {{trans-mid }}
Latin: respublica f
Low German:
German Low German: Republik f , Deelrepublik f , Republiek f , Deelrepubliek f
Macedonian: република f ( republika )
Norwegian:
Bokmål: republikk (no) m , delrepublikk m
Nynorsk: republikk (nn) m , delrepublikk m
Portuguese: república (pt) f
Russian: респу́блика (ru) f ( respúblika )
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: репу̀блика f
Roman: repùblika (sh) f
Spanish: república (es) f
Swedish: delrepublik (sv) c
Udmurt: элькун ( eľkun ) , республика ( respubľika )
Volapük: repüblikän , dilarepüblikän
Translations to be checked
See also
Further reading
“republic ”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary , Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam , 1913 , →OCLC .
“republic ”, in The Century Dictionary [ … ] , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co. , 1911 , →OCLC .
“republic ”, in OneLook Dictionary Search .