tutup

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay tutup, from Proto-Malayic *tutup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup.

Cognates

Cognate with Javanese tutup, Minangkabau tutuik, Tagalog tutop.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtutup/ [ˈt̪u.t̪ʊp]
• Rhymes: -utup
• Syllabification: tu‧tup

Verb

tutup (transitive)

1. to close
   1. to move a thing, or part of a thing, nearer to another so that the gap or opening between the two is removed
   2. to obstruct or block
2. to cover (to place something over or upon, as to) conceal or protect

   Synonym: tutupi

Conjugation

Conjugation of tutup (meng-, transitive)

root	tutup
	active	involuntary	passive	basic / imperative	emphatic / jussive
active	menutup	tertutup	ditutup	tutup	tutuplah
locative	–	–	–	–	–
causative / applicative1	menutupkan	tertutupkan	ditutupkan	tutupkan	tutupkanlah
	causative
active	–	–	–	–	–
locative	–	–	–	–	–
causative / applicative1	mempertutupkan	terpertutupkan	dipertutupkan	pertutupkan	pertutupkanlah

¹ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Adjective

tutup

1. closed (not operating or conducting trade)

   Antonym: buka

Noun

tutup (plural tutup-tutup)

1. cover (the front and back of a book, magazine, CD package, etc.)
2. lid (the top or cover of a container)

Synonyms

• (cover, lid): penutup

Derived terms

• bertutup
• ketertutupan
• penutup
• penutupan
• tertutup
• tertutupi
• tutupan
• tutupi
• tutupkan

Javanese

Romanization

tutup

1. Romanization of ꦠꦸꦠꦸꦥ꧀

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup (“to cover”). Cognate with Tagalog tutóp (“covered with the hand; caught in the act, caught red-handed”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tutup/
• Rhymes: -utup, -up
• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [tutʊp̚, -top̚, -to̞p̚]

Verb

tutup (Jawi spelling توتوڤ)

1. to close (box, bottle etc.)

   Antonym: buka

   Tutup balang biskut itu sekarang!

   Close that biscuit jar now!

2. to close (store)

   Antonym: buka

   Selalunya pada pukul berapa Cik Putih tutup kedainya?

   Usually, at what time does Mr. Putih close his shop?

Adjective

tutup (Jawi spelling توتوڤ)

1. closed (store)

   Antonym: buka

   Kedai ini sudah tutup sejak pukul 6 petang, cik.

   This store has been closed since 6 in the evening, sir.

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• menutup [agent focus] (meN-)
• menutupkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• menutupi [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• ditutup [patient focus] (di-)
• ditutupkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• tertutup [agentless action] (teR-)
• bertutup [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• penutup (“lid; ending to an essay”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• penutupan (“act of closing”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• tutupan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: tutup (inherited)

Further reading

• “tutup” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup.

Verb

tutup

1. to cover