wald

See also: Wald

English

Alternative forms

• wauld (Scotland)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wɔːld/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːld

Etymology 1

From Northern Middle English walde, from Old English wealdan (“to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about”), from Proto-West Germanic *waldan, from Proto-Germanic *waldaną (“to reign”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”).

Cognates

Cognate with German walten (“to prevail, reign, dominate”), Danish volde (“to cause”), Icelandic valda (“to cause”), Lithuanian valda (“land property”), Lithuanian valdyti (“to rule”).

Verb

wald (third-person singular simple present walds, present participle walding, simple past and past participle walded)

1. (UK dialectal, ambitransitive) To govern; inherit.

Etymology 2

From Northern Middle English wald, from Old English weald (“power, authority”), from Proto-Germanic *waldą (“power”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”). Cognate with German Gewalt (“force, power, control, violence”), Swedish våld (“force, violence”).

Noun

wald (countable and uncountable, plural walds)

1. (UK dialectal) Power; strength.
2. (UK dialectal) Command; control; possession.

Related terms

• wield

Etymology 3

From Northern Middle English wald, from Old English wald, weald, from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to perceive, see”) or *welH- (“to roll, undulate”). Largely displaced by forest.

Cognates

Compare North Frisian wald, walt (“forest”), Saterland Frisian Woold (“forest”), West Frisian wâld (“forest”), Alemannic German and German Wald (“forest, woods”), Bavarian Woid (“forest, woods”), Cimbrian balt (“forest, woods”), Dutch woud (“forest, woods”), Low German Woold, Woolt (“forest”), Luxembourgish Wal (“forest”), Mòcheno bòlt (“wood, woodland”), Yiddish וואַלד (vald, “forest”), Danish val (“plain”), vold (“field, meadow”), Faroese vøllur (“lawn; field”), Icelandic völlur (“lawn; field”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk voll (“meadow”), Swedish vall (“field, pasture”); also Hittite 𒌑𒂊𒂖𒇻𒍑 (ú-e-el-lu-uš, “meadow, pasture”). See also weald, wold, ultimately of the same origin.

Noun

wald (plural walds)

1. Forest; woods.
   • 1812, Walter Scott, Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, Digitized edition, page 124:

     … we still recognize the ancient traditions of the Goths, concerning the wald-elven,…

   • 1853, Robert Simpson, History of Sanquhar‎^[1], page 16:

     the romantic pass of the "wald path," along which runs a spur of an old Roman road

   • 1857, George Bradshaw, Bradshaw's illustrated hand-book to Switzerland and the Tyrol‎^[2], Digitized edition, published 2006, page 1:

     MARDEN and STAPLEHURST—All this part of the line, through the Weald of Kent, i.e., the wald or forest, which still prevails here.

Related terms

• weald
• wold

See also

• firth
• grove
• holt
• hurst
• shaw
• thicket
• tree
• weald
• wold
• wood
• woods

Anagrams

• Lawd, W.D. La., awdl

Middle English

Noun

wald

1. alternative form of wold

North Frisian

Alternative forms

• walt (Föhr-Amrum)
• Walt (Sylt)

Etymology

From Old Frisian wald, from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to perceive, see”) or *welH- (“to roll, undulate”).

Noun

wald

1. (Halligen) forest

Old Danish

Alternative forms

• wold

Etymology

From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.

Noun

wald

1. force, violence

Descendants

• Danish: vold

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wɑld/, [wɑɫd]

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

wald m

1. alternative form of weald (“forest”)

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	wald	waldas
accusative	wald	waldas
genitive	waldes	walda
dative	walde	waldum

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

wald n

1. alternative form of weald (“power, authority”)

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	wald	—
accusative	wald	—
genitive	waldes	—
dative	walde	—

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

wald

1. alternative form of weald (“powerful”)

Declension

Declension of wald — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	wald	wald	wald
Accusative	waldne	walde	wald
Genitive	waldes	waldre	waldes
Dative	waldum	waldre	waldum
Instrumental	walde	waldre	walde
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	walde	walda, walde	wald
Accusative	walde	walda, walde	wald
Genitive	waldra	waldra	waldra
Dative	waldum	waldum	waldum
Instrumental	waldum	waldum	waldum

Declension of wald — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	walda	walde	walde
Accusative	waldan	waldan	walde
Genitive	waldan	waldan	waldan
Dative	waldan	waldan	waldan
Instrumental	waldan	waldan	waldan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	waldan	waldan	waldan
Accusative	waldan	waldan	waldan
Genitive	waldra, waldena	waldra, waldena	waldra, waldena
Dative	waldum	waldum	waldum
Instrumental	waldum	waldum	waldum

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈwald]

Noun

wald m

1. forest

Descendants

• Middle High German: walt
  • Alemannic German: Wald

    Swabian: Wald

  • Bavarian: Woid, Woold

    Cimbrian: balt

    Mòcheno: bòlt

  • Central Franconian: Wald (widely obsolete)

    Hunsrik: Wald

    Luxembourgish: Wal

  • German: Wald
    • German: Waldhorn (see there for further descendants)
  • Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall

    Frankfurterisch: [valt]

  • Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwɑld/

Noun

wald m

1. forest

Declension

wald (masculine a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	wald	waldos
accusative	wald	waldos
genitive	waldes	waldō
dative	walde	waldum
instrumental	—	—

Descendants

• Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld
  • Dutch Low Saxon: woold, woud
  • German Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold
  • Plautdietsch: Woolt