úr

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Faroese

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Etymology

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From Old Norse úr (out of), from Proto-Germanic *uz (out, out of).

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Preposition

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úr (+ dative)

  1. out of
    fara úr klæðunumto undress
    draga bát úr neystito pull a boat out of the boathouse
    úr jarni, viði, gulli(made) of iron, wood, wool
  2. from
    drekka úr fløskuto drink from the bottle
    fara úr einum felagto resign from a club
    hann slapp úr oynnihe left the island
    stað úr staðfrom place to place
    úr øllum ættumfrom everywhere
    hann kemur úr Onglandihe comes from England
    umseta úr enskumtranslate from English
  3. off
    í ein útnyrðing úr Føroyumin the northwest off the Faroes

Antonyms

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  • í (in)

Adverb

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úr

  1. in expressions
    hava úr at gerato have much to do
    verða úrto happen

Synonyms

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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  1. From Proto-Finno-Ugric *urɜ (man, male).[1]

Less likely

  1. Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *ūŕ (master, craftsman). Compare Karakhanid اُوزْ (ūz, skillful) and Mongolian ур (ur, handicraft, skill, craft) which was probably also borrowed from Turkic.
  2. From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu-Hri-, cf. Sanskrit sūrí (lord, sacrificial lord) [2]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈuːr]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːr

Noun

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úr (plural urak)

  1. master (someone who has control over something or someone)
    Synonym: (owner of a dog) gazda
    Antonym: szolga (slave)
  2. (Judaism, Christianity, capitalized) Lord
    • 1908, revised Bible translation of Gáspár Károlyi, Isaiah 48:17:
      Így szól az Úr, Megváltód, Izráelnek Szentje: Én vagyok az Úr, Istened, ki tanítlak hasznosra, és vezetlek oly úton, a melyen járnod kell.
      Thus says the Lord, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord your God, who teaches you for your own good, who leads you in the way you should go.
    Synonym: Isten
  3. gentleman
    Synonym: úriember
    Coordinate term: hölgy
    Kint áll egy úr, és azt kérdezi, bejöhet-e.There is a gentleman standing outside, asking if he may come in.
  4. (on its own, with a first-person possessive suffix) sir, gentleman (term of address)
    Coordinate terms: asszonyom, hölgyem (also with a possessive suffix), kisasszony, fiatalember
    Uram!Sir!
    Hölgyeim és uraim!Ladies and gentlemen!
  5. (after surnames and certain occupational titles) Mr, Mr. (or omitted in English)
    Kovács úrMr. Kovács (literally, “Mr. Smith”)
    doktor úr, mérnök úr, tanár/professzor úr, igazgató úr, bíró úr, often also nyomozó úr, író úrDoctor, Engineer, Professor, Manager, Judge; Inspector, Writer (especially as terms of address, cf. Your Honour)
    Coordinate terms: asszony, -nő
  6. (with a possessive suffix, dated, folksy) husband
    Az urammal egy vonatúton ismerkedtünk meg.My husband and I met each other on a train ride.
    Synonyms: férj, férjeura

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative úr urak
accusative urat urakat
dative úrnak uraknak
instrumental úrral urakkal
causal-final úrért urakért
translative úrrá urakká
terminative úrig urakig
essive-formal úrként urakként
essive-modal
inessive úrban urakban
superessive úron urakon
adessive úrnál uraknál
illative úrba urakba
sublative úrra urakra
allative úrhoz urakhoz
elative úrból urakból
delative úrról urakról
ablative úrtól uraktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
úré uraké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
úréi urakéi
Possessive forms of úr
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. uram uraim
2nd person sing. urad uraid
3rd person sing. ura urai
1st person plural urunk uraink
2nd person plural uratok uraitok
3rd person plural uruk uraik

Derived terms

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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

References

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Further reading

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  • úr in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Low German ur(e), from Old French ore (time).

Noun

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úr n (genitive singular úrs, nominative plural úr)

  1. clock
  2. watch
Declension
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    Declension of úr
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative úr úrið úr úrin
accusative úr úrið úr úrin
dative úri úrinu úrum úrunum
genitive úrs úrsins úra úranna
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse ór (out of), from Proto-Germanic *uz (out, out of). More at or-.

Preposition

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úr

  1. out of
  2. from
Derived terms
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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Irish úr (fresh),[3] from Proto-Celtic *ɸūros, from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós, which derives from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (to be clean, pure); see also Latin pūrus.[4]

Adjective

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úr (genitive singular masculine úir, genitive singular feminine úire, plural úra, comparative úire)

  1. fresh; new
  2. free, liberal
  3. moist
  4. (nominalized) anything fresh or new
Declension
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Derived from Etymology 1 ("fresh") with a change of declension.

Noun

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úr m (genitive singular úra) (literary)

  1. letter U in Ogham alphabet:
Declension
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Etymology 3

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Noun

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úr m (genitive singular úir, nominative plural úir)

  1. Alternative form of iúr (yew)
Declension
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Etymology 4

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Determiner

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úr

  1. Alternative form of bhur (your pl)

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
úr n-úr húr t-úr
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 86
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 95
  3. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 úr”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  4. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading

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Old Norse

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *ūrą, from Proto-Indo-European *uh₁r-, zero grade form of *weh₁r- (water).

Noun

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úr n

  1. drizzle, spray
  2. (Runic alphabet) name of the rune (u)

Declension

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Descendants

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  • Icelandic: úr n
  • Faroese: úr n
  • Norwegian: ur m
  • Old Swedish: ūr
  • Early Scots: *ur