佗

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佗 U+4F57, 佗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F57
← 佖
[U+4F56] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佘 →
[U+4F58]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

佗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人十心 (OJP), four-corner 23211, composition ⿰亻它)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 513
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4F57

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 佗
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s05735

Transcribed ancient scripts

L32376

L32377

L32378

L32379

L32380

L32381

L08474

L08475

L08476

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (它) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
佗 *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl
拕 *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːlʔ
它 *l̥ʰaːl
蛇 *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal
袉 *l̥ʰaːlʔ, *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
鴕 *l'aːl
駝 *l'aːl
紽 *l'aːl
鮀 *l'aːl
陀 *l'aːl
沱 *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
跎 *l'aːl
詑 *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ, *hlel, *lal, *l̥ʰoːl
酡 *l'aːl
迱 *l'aːl
舵 *l'aːlʔ
柁 *l'aːlʔ
鉈 *ɦljaːl, *hljal

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl) : semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 佗

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 佗
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒河切
Baxter da
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/da/
Li
Rong 		/dɑ/
Wang
Li 		/dɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tuó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		to4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 佗
Reading # 2/2
No. 12224
Phonetic
component 		它
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		駝
Old
Chinese 		/*l'aːl/

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. Alternative form of 馱／驮 (“to carry on one's back”)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 佗

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 佗
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 託何切
Baxter tha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰa/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑ/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tuō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		to1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 佗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tuō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tha ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ˁaj/
English other

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 佗
Reading # 1/2
No. 12208
Phonetic
component 		它
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		佗
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ʰaːl/

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. Alternative form of 他
  2. a surname

Etymology 3[edit]

simp. and trad.
 佗
alternative forms
 
倒
叨
叼
搭
哪
倒
叨
叼
搭
哪
底

Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002):

  • tai → ta (→ taʔ);
  • tue → to (→ toʔ).

For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. (Hokkien) which
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 哪 (“which”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何, 孰
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 哪
Mandarin Beijing 哪
Taiwan 哪
Malaysia 哪
Singapore 哪
Cantonese Guangzhou 邊
Hong Kong 邊
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 選
Taishan 哪
Yangjiang 邊
Singapore (Guangfu) 邊
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 哪
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 哪
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 哪
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 哪
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 哪
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 哪
Hong Kong 哪
Eastern Min Fuzhou 底
Fuqing 底
Southern Min Xiamen 佗
Quanzhou 佗
Zhangzhou 佗
Taipei 佗
Kaohsiung 佗
Singapore (Hokkien) 佗
Chaozhou 底
Singapore (Teochew) 底
Haikou 底
Singapore (Hainanese) 底
Wu Shanghai 阿裡, 賴裡
Wenzhou 若, 狃

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. (Hokkien) where
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 哪裡 (“where”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何, 何處, 何許, 何所, 何方, 安
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 哪裡, 何處, 什麼地方
Mandarin Beijing 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial
Taiwan 哪裡, 哪
Tianjin 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial
Ulanhot 哪兒
Tongliao 哪兒
Chifeng 哪兒
Bayanhot 哪兒
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 哪兒
Harbin 哪兒, 哪疙兒, 哪疙瘩, 哪海兒, 哪塊兒, 哪場兒
Shenyang 哪兒, 哪塊兒
Yantai (Muping) 哪兒, 哪裡, 哪場兒
Jinan 哪, 哪裡
Luoyang 哪兒
Wanrong 哪達, 哪那
Zhengzhou 哪兒
Xi'an 哪搭兒, 哪搭
Yinchuan 哪點, 哪裡
Lanzhou 哪達, 哪達裡, 哪達兒
Xining 哪裡
Ürümqi 哪達
Wuhan 哪裡, 啥裡, 哪歇, 哪塊, 哪塊歇, 啥塊, 啥塊些
Huanggang 哪下兒
Chengdu 哪兒, 啥子地方, 哪跟前, 哪點兒
Guiyang 哪點
Kunming 哪點兒
Guilin 哪塏
Liuzhou 哪裡, 哪, 哪塏, 哪位子, 哪塊, 哪甿
Shanglin (Sanli) 哪點
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 哪裡, 哪塊子
Xuzhou 哪來, 哪下, 哪點兒
Yangzhou 哪塊, 哪
Nanjing 哪塊, 哪裡, 哪兒
Hefei 哪格子, 哪蒿子, 哪塊子, 哪塊
Nantong 哪對過, 哪腳下
Changle (Qinjiang) 哪點
Malaysia 哪裡
Singapore 哪裡
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 哪塌, 哪塌兒, 哪呢
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 哪塌, 哪呢
Cantonese Guangzhou 邊度, 邊處, 邊
Hong Kong 邊度, 邊處, 邊
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 選頭
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 選處
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 哪頭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 哪埞
Macau 邊度
Guangzhou (Panyu) 邊度
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 哪度
Guangzhou (Conghua) 哪處
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 星處
Foshan 邊度
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 邊度
Foshan (Shunde) 邊度
Foshan (Sanshui) 邊度
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 邊度
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 邊呢
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 邊處
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 邊
Zhuhai (Doumen) 哪
Jiangmen (Baisha) 邊子
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 邊子
Taishan 哪埞, 哪
Kaiping (Chikan) 哪
Enping (Niujiang) 哪
Heshan (Yayao) 唔址
Dongguan 邊處, 鼠處
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 邊度
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 哪廳
Shaoguan 邊度
Yunfu 邊埞
Yangjiang 邊, 邊處, 邊處塗
Xinyi 庶
Nanning 邊笪埞, 邊笪, 邊啲
Wuzhou 邊啲, 邊笪, 邊笪埞方
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 邊度
Singapore (Guangfu) 邊度, 邊, 邊處
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 邊度
Gan Nanchang 哪裡
Lichuan 哪咑
Pingxiang 哪裡
Hakka Meixian 哪仔, 哪滴
Xingning 哪裡
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 哪呢
Huidong (Daling) 哪等
Dongguan (Qingxi) 哪定
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 哪定
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 哪聽
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 哪子
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 哪望
Conghua (Lütian) 哪定
Changting 哪塊, 哪塊哩, 哪裡, 哪裡哩, 哪角
Wuping (Pingyu) 哪子
Liancheng 哪裡, 哪角
Ninghua 何個, 台角
Ruijin 哪, 哪營子
Shicheng 哪裡
Shangyou (Shexi) 哪當
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 哪位, 哪仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 哪仔, 哪, 哪跡仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 哪位, 哪仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 哪位, 哪
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 哪位, 哪仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 哪位
Hong Kong 哪裡, 哪埞
Sabah (Longchuan) 哪埞
Senai (Huiyang) 哪位
Kuching (Hepo) 哪圍
Singkawang 阿位
Huizhou Jixi 哪塊, 哪個許塊
Shexian 哪個落地
Tunxi 哪裡
Xiuning 哪裡
Yixian 哪個背兒
Wuyuan 何落
Shitai (Xianyu) 哪裡
Jin Taiyuan 哪裡, 哪兒家
Pingyao 哪兒, 哪底下
Xinzhou 哪兒
Taibus (Baochang) 哪兒
Linhe 哪兒
Jining 哪兒
Hohhot 哪兒
Baotou 哪兒
Dongsheng 哪兒
Haibowan 哪兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 呢底
Jian'ou (Dikou) 呢底
Songxi 呢底
Zhenghe 呢搭底
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 哪底, 哪
Jianyang 哪角底, 哪角
Wuyishan 哪地
Pucheng (Shibei) 呢底
Eastern Min Fuzhou 底所, 底塊 dated or rural
Changle 底所
Fuqing 佗落, 途位
Pingtan 佗落
Yongtai 底所
Gutian 底塊
Fu'an 底塊
Ningde 底塊
Shouning 底位穴, 底位
Zhouning 底塊
Matsu 底所
Singapore (Fuqing) 佗落
Southern Min Xiamen 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 佗位, 佗一帶, 佗帶
Xiamen (Tong'an) 佗落
Quanzhou 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 底帶
Jinjiang 佗落, 佗一位, 底落
Nan'an 佗落
Shishi 佗落
Hui'an 佗搭, 佗, 佗落
Anxi 佗落
Yongchun 佗落, 寡
Dehua 佗落仔
Zhangzhou 佗落仔, 佗落, 佗位仔, 佗位, 佗, 佗一位
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 佗落仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 佗落仔, 佗落
Hua'an 佗仔, 佗位仔
Nanjing 佗落仔
Pinghe 佗落, 佗一位, 佗位, 底位
Zhangpu 佗位
Yunxiao 底仔
Zhao'an 底位, 底落
Dongshan 底位
Taipei 佗位
New Taipei (Sanxia) 佗位
Kaohsiung 佗位
Yilan 佗位, 佗位仔
Changhua (Lukang) 佗落
Taichung 佗位
Tainan 佗位
Hsinchu 佗位
Kinmen 佗, 佗落
Penghu (Magong) 佗位
Penang (Hokkien) 佗落, 佗落位
Singapore (Hokkien) 佗落
Manila (Hokkien) 佗落
Longyan 佗落
Zhangping 佗落, 佗位
Zhangping (Yongfu) 佗落
Datian 底窟
Pingnan (Shangdu) 哪裡
Chaozhou 底塊
Shantou 底塊
Shantou (Chenghai) 底塊
Shantou (Chaoyang) 底囝
Jieyang 底塊
Haifeng 底帶
Bangkok (Teochew) 底塊
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 底一塊
Singapore (Teochew) 底塊
Pontianak (Teochew) 底塊
Leizhou 底跡
Wenchang 帶
Haikou 乜帶, 底帶, 底幅帶, 乜地方, 底內
Qionghai 帶寺
Singapore (Hainanese) 帶
Puxian Min Putian 佗落
Xianyou 底跡, 底落, 佗落
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 哪啲, 哪甿
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 哪裡
Wu Shanghai 阿裡, 阿裡搭, 阿裡頭, 啥地方, 啥個地方, 啥場化 dated, 啥個場化 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 哪墩
Suzhou 啥場化, 哪搭
Wuxi 羅裡搭葛, 羅搭
Danyang 哪裡
Hangzhou 哪裡
Ningbo 阿裡, 阿𡍲, 焉𡍲, 啥地方, 啥塢探, 啥塢宕
Wenzhou 狃宕, 狃柢, 狃, 若宕, 若柢
Jinhua 哪裡, 哪汏
Xiang Changsha 哪裡, 何至, 哪當
Xiangtan 哪當
Loudi 哪裡
Shuangfeng 哪裡
Quanzhou 哪裡

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

simp. and trad.
 佗

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. † to add; to impute

Etymology 5[edit]

simp. and trad.
 佗
alternative forms 迤

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

佗

  1. Only used in 委佗, alternative form of 委蛇 (wēiyí)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

佗

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

佗 (eum 타 (ta))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

佗: Hán Nôm readings: đà

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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