علم

See also: غلم and ع ل م

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ع ل م (ʕ-l-m).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.li.ma/

Verb

1. (transitive) to know, to have knowledge, to be cognizant, to be aware
2. to be informed, to be familiar, to be acquainted
3. to perceive, to discern, to find out, to learn

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕal.la.ma/

Verb

عَلَّمَ • (ʕallama) II (non-past يُعَلِّمُ (yuʕallimu), verbal noun تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm))

1. (ditransitive) to teach, to instruct, to train, to educate
2. (transitive) to designate, to mark, to earmark

Conjugation

    Conjugation of عَلَّمَ (II, sound, full passive (?), verbal noun تَعْلِيم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَعْلِيم taʕlīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُعَلِّم muʕallim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُعَلَّم muʕallam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَلَّمْتُ ʕallamtu	عَلَّمْتَ ʕallamta	عَلَّمَ ʕallama		عَلَّمْتُمَا ʕallamtumā	عَلَّمَا ʕallamā		عَلَّمْنَا ʕallamnā	عَلَّمْتُمْ ʕallamtum	عَلَّمُوا ʕallamū
	f		عَلَّمْتِ ʕallamti	عَلَّمَتْ ʕallamat			عَلَّمَتَا ʕallamatā			عَلَّمْتُنَّ ʕallamtunna	عَلَّمْنَ ʕallamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعَلِّمُ ʔuʕallimu	تُعَلِّمُ tuʕallimu	يُعَلِّمُ yuʕallimu		تُعَلِّمَانِ tuʕallimāni	يُعَلِّمَانِ yuʕallimāni		نُعَلِّمُ nuʕallimu	تُعَلِّمُونَ tuʕallimūna	يُعَلِّمُونَ yuʕallimūna
	f		تُعَلِّمِينَ tuʕallimīna	تُعَلِّمُ tuʕallimu			تُعَلِّمَانِ tuʕallimāni			تُعَلِّمْنَ tuʕallimna	يُعَلِّمْنَ yuʕallimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَلِّمَ ʔuʕallima	تُعَلِّمَ tuʕallima	يُعَلِّمَ yuʕallima		تُعَلِّمَا tuʕallimā	يُعَلِّمَا yuʕallimā		نُعَلِّمَ nuʕallima	تُعَلِّمُوا tuʕallimū	يُعَلِّمُوا yuʕallimū
	f		تُعَلِّمِي tuʕallimī	تُعَلِّمَ tuʕallima			تُعَلِّمَا tuʕallimā			تُعَلِّمْنَ tuʕallimna	يُعَلِّمْنَ yuʕallimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَلِّمْ ʔuʕallim	تُعَلِّمْ tuʕallim	يُعَلِّمْ yuʕallim		تُعَلِّمَا tuʕallimā	يُعَلِّمَا yuʕallimā		نُعَلِّمْ nuʕallim	تُعَلِّمُوا tuʕallimū	يُعَلِّمُوا yuʕallimū
	f		تُعَلِّمِي tuʕallimī	تُعَلِّمْ tuʕallim			تُعَلِّمَا tuʕallimā			تُعَلِّمْنَ tuʕallimna	يُعَلِّمْنَ yuʕallimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		عَلِّمْ ʕallim			عَلِّمَا ʕallimā				عَلِّمُوا ʕallimū
	f		عَلِّمِي ʕallimī							عَلِّمْنَ ʕallimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُلِّمْتُ ʕullimtu	عُلِّمْتَ ʕullimta	عُلِّمَ ʕullima		عُلِّمْتُمَا ʕullimtumā	عُلِّمَا ʕullimā		عُلِّمْنَا ʕullimnā	عُلِّمْتُمْ ʕullimtum	عُلِّمُوا ʕullimū
	f		عُلِّمْتِ ʕullimti	عُلِّمَتْ ʕullimat			عُلِّمَتَا ʕullimatā			عُلِّمْتُنَّ ʕullimtunna	عُلِّمْنَ ʕullimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُعَلَّمُ ʔuʕallamu	تُعَلَّمُ tuʕallamu	يُعَلَّمُ yuʕallamu		تُعَلَّمَانِ tuʕallamāni	يُعَلَّمَانِ yuʕallamāni		نُعَلَّمُ nuʕallamu	تُعَلَّمُونَ tuʕallamūna	يُعَلَّمُونَ yuʕallamūna
	f		تُعَلَّمِينَ tuʕallamīna	تُعَلَّمُ tuʕallamu			تُعَلَّمَانِ tuʕallamāni			تُعَلَّمْنَ tuʕallamna	يُعَلَّمْنَ yuʕallamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَلَّمَ ʔuʕallama	تُعَلَّمَ tuʕallama	يُعَلَّمَ yuʕallama		تُعَلَّمَا tuʕallamā	يُعَلَّمَا yuʕallamā		نُعَلَّمَ nuʕallama	تُعَلَّمُوا tuʕallamū	يُعَلَّمُوا yuʕallamū
	f		تُعَلَّمِي tuʕallamī	تُعَلَّمَ tuʕallama			تُعَلَّمَا tuʕallamā			تُعَلَّمْنَ tuʕallamna	يُعَلَّمْنَ yuʕallamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَلَّمْ ʔuʕallam	تُعَلَّمْ tuʕallam	يُعَلَّمْ yuʕallam		تُعَلَّمَا tuʕallamā	يُعَلَّمَا yuʕallamā		نُعَلَّمْ nuʕallam	تُعَلَّمُوا tuʕallamū	يُعَلَّمُوا yuʕallamū
	f		تُعَلَّمِي tuʕallamī	تُعَلَّمْ tuʕallam			تُعَلَّمَا tuʕallamā			تُعَلَّمْنَ tuʕallamna	يُعَلَّمْنَ yuʕallamna

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕilm/

• ʿilm:

  (file)

Noun

عِلْم • (ʕilm) m (plural عُلُوم (ʕulūm))

1. verbal noun of عَلِمَ (ʕalima) (form I)
2. knowledge, learning, lore
3. cognition, acquaintance
4. information
5. perception, knowledge
6. (plural عُلُوم (ʕulūm)) science

   • الْعُلُوم (al-ʿulūm) — the natural sciences

Declension

Declension of noun عِلْم (ʕilm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عِلْم ʕilm	الْعِلْم al-ʕilm	عِلْم ʕilm
Nominative	عِلْمٌ ʕilmun	الْعِلْمُ al-ʕilmu	عِلْمُ ʕilmu
Accusative	عِلْمًا ʕilman	الْعِلْمَ al-ʕilma	عِلْمَ ʕilma
Genitive	عِلْمٍ ʕilmin	الْعِلْمِ al-ʕilmi	عِلْمِ ʕilmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عِلْمَيْن ʕilmayn	الْعِلْمَيْن al-ʕilmayn	عِلْمَيْ ʕilmay
Nominative	عِلْمَانِ ʕilmāni	الْعِلْمَانِ al-ʕilmāni	عِلْمَا ʕilmā
Accusative	عِلْمَيْنِ ʕilmayni	الْعِلْمَيْنِ al-ʕilmayni	عِلْمَيْ ʕilmay
Genitive	عِلْمَيْنِ ʕilmayni	الْعِلْمَيْنِ al-ʕilmayni	عِلْمَيْ ʕilmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عُلُوم ʕulūm	الْعُلُوم al-ʕulūm	عُلُوم ʕulūm
Nominative	عُلُومٌ ʕulūmun	الْعُلُومُ al-ʕulūmu	عُلُومُ ʕulūmu
Accusative	عُلُومًا ʕulūman	الْعُلُومَ al-ʕulūma	عُلُومَ ʕulūma
Genitive	عُلُومٍ ʕulūmin	الْعُلُومِ al-ʕulūmi	عُلُومِ ʕulūmi

Descendants

• Nogai: илми (ilmi)
• Persian: علم ('elm)
• Urdu: علم ('elm)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.lam/

Noun

عَلَم • (ʕalam) m (plural أَعْلَام (ʔaʕlām))

1. sign, token, mark, badge
2. harelip
3. road sign, guidepost
4. flag, banner
5. authority, luminary, star, personage, distinguished man
6. a mountain

   أَشْهَرُ مِنْ نَارٍ عَلَى عَلَم ― ʔašharu min nārin ʕalā ʕalam ― very famous (literally, “more famous than a fire on a mountain”)

7. (grammar, linguistics) proper noun

Declension

Declension of noun عَلَم (ʕalam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَلَم ʕalam	الْعَلَم al-ʕalam	عَلَم ʕalam
Nominative	عَلَمٌ ʕalamun	الْعَلَمُ al-ʕalamu	عَلَمُ ʕalamu
Accusative	عَلَمًا ʕalaman	الْعَلَمَ al-ʕalama	عَلَمَ ʕalama
Genitive	عَلَمٍ ʕalamin	الْعَلَمِ al-ʕalami	عَلَمِ ʕalami
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَلَمَيْن ʕalamayn	الْعَلَمَيْن al-ʕalamayn	عَلَمَيْ ʕalamay
Nominative	عَلَمَانِ ʕalamāni	الْعَلَمَانِ al-ʕalamāni	عَلَمَا ʕalamā
Accusative	عَلَمَيْنِ ʕalamayni	الْعَلَمَيْنِ al-ʕalamayni	عَلَمَيْ ʕalamay
Genitive	عَلَمَيْنِ ʕalamayni	الْعَلَمَيْنِ al-ʕalamayni	عَلَمَيْ ʕalamay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَعْلَام ʔaʕlām	الْأَعْلَام al-ʔaʕlām	أَعْلَام ʔaʕlām
Nominative	أَعْلَامٌ ʔaʕlāmun	الْأَعْلَامُ al-ʔaʕlāmu	أَعْلَامُ ʔaʕlāmu
Accusative	أَعْلَامًا ʔaʕlāman	الْأَعْلَامَ al-ʔaʕlāma	أَعْلَامَ ʔaʕlāma
Genitive	أَعْلَامٍ ʔaʕlāmin	الْأَعْلَامِ al-ʔaʕlāmi	أَعْلَامِ ʔaʕlāmi

Related terms

• اِسْتِعْلَام (istiʕlām)
• إِعْلَام (ʔiʕlām)
• أَعْلَمَ (ʔaʕlama)
• أُعْلُومَة (ʔuʕlūma)
• تعلامَة
• تَعَلَّمَ (taʕallama), تَعَلُّم (taʕallum)
• تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm)

• تَعْلِيمِيّ (taʕlīmiyy, “didactic, educational”)
• عَالِم (ʕālim)
• عَالِمَة (ʕālima)
• عَالَمِيّ (ʕālamiyy, “cosmopolitan, universal”)
• عَالَمِيَّة (ʕālamiyya, “internationality”)
• عَلَّام (ʕallām)
• عَلَّامَة (ʕallāma)

• عُلَمَاء (ʕulamāʔ)
• عِلْمِيّ (ʕilmiyy, “academic, scientific”)
• عَلِيم (ʕalīm)
• عَيْلَم (ʕaylam)
• مُتَعَلِّم (mutaʕallim)
• مُعَلِّم (muʕallim)
• مَعْلَمَة (maʕlama)

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕaː.lam/

Noun

عٰلَم • (ʕālam) m

1. Classical Arabic form of عَالَم (ʕālam)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “علم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic عِلْم (ʕilm).

Noun

علم • ('elm) (plural علوم ('olum))

1. science
2. knowledge

Synonyms

• دانش (dâneš)

Related terms

• عالم
• علمی
• معلم

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam).

Noun

علم • ('alam) (plural علم‌ها ('alam-hâ))

1. flag
2. standard (flag)
3. banner

Synonyms

• پرچم (parčam)
• درفش (derafš)
• نشان (nešân)

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Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic عِلْم (ʕilm).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪlm/

Noun

علم • ('ilm) m (Hindi spelling इल्म)

1. knowledge, learning
2. literature

Etymology 2

From Arabic عَلَم (ʕalam)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ə.ləm/

Noun

علم • ('alam) m (Hindi spelling अलम)

1. mark, sign, decoration
2. spear
3. (geometry) gnomon
4. (grammar) proper noun