वर्ग

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ग (várga).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʋəɾɡ/

Noun

वर्ग • (varg) m (Urdu spelling ورگ‎)

1. category, group, set

   लड़को के वर्ग में हमें खितब मिली।

   laṛko ke varg mẽ hamẽ khitab milī.

   We won a prize in the boys category.

   1. (phonetics) a set of consonants sharing the same place of articulation

      इस वर्ग में कौनसे व्यंजन हैं?

      is varg mẽ kaunse vyañjan ha͠i?

      Which consonants are in this category?

   2. section, division

      वर्ग अ ― varg a ― section A

   3. class (a social division based on economic or societal status)

      उच्च वर्ग ― ucc varg ― upper class

      सर्वहारा वर्ग ― sarvahārā varg ― working class; proletariat

2. (geometry) a square
   1. square (an open space in town, not necessarily square in shape)
3. (mathematics) square

   ९ का वर्ग ८१ है। ― 9 kā varg 81 hai. ― 9 squared is 81.

4. (taxonomy) class

Declension

Declension of वर्ग (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	वर्ग varg	वर्ग varg
oblique	वर्ग varg	वर्गों vargõ
vocative	वर्ग varg	वर्गो vargo

Related terms

• (Taxonomy) वर्गिकी (vargikī); डोमेन (ḍomen, “domain”), जगत (jagat, “kingdom”), संघ (saṅgh, “phylum”), वर्ग (varg, “class”), गण (gaṇ, “order”), कुल (kul, “family”), वंश (vanś, “genus”), जाति (jāti, “species”) ^{(Category: hi:Taxonomy)}

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ग (varga).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋəɾ.ɡə/

Noun

वर्ग • (varga) m

1. classroom (academics)

   ह्या शाळेत किती वर्ग आहेत?

   hyā śāḷet kitī varga āhet?

   How many classrooms are there in this school?

2. (phonetics) a set of consonants sharing the same place of articulation
3. class (a social division based on economic or societal status)

   आपल्या देशाचा मध्यम वर्ग खूप वाईट परिस्थितीत राहत आहे.

   āpalyā deśācā madhyam varga khūp vāīṭ paristhitīt rāhat āhe.

   The middle class of our country is living in a very bad condition.

4. (mathematics) square

   १० चा वर्ग १०० आहे.

   10 cā varga 100 āhe.

   The square of 10 is 100.

5. (taxonomy) class

Declension

Declension of वर्ग (varga)
direct singular	वर्ग varga
direct plural	वर्ग varga
	singular		plural
nominative	वर्ग varga		वर्ग varga
oblique	वर्गा- vargā-		वर्गां- vargāN-
dative	वर्गाला vargālā		वर्गांना vargāNnā
ergative	वर्गाने vargāne		वर्गांनी vargāNni
instrumental	वर्गाशी vargāśi		वर्गांशी vargāNśi
locative	वर्गात vargāt		वर्गांत vargāNt
vocative	वर्गा vargā		वर्गांनो vargāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of वर्ग
	masculine object		feminine object		neuter object		oblique
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular*	plural
singular subject	वर्गाचा vargāċā	वर्गाचे vargāce	वर्गाची vargāci	वर्गाच्या vargāca	वर्गाचे, वर्गाचं vargāce, vargāċa	वर्गाची vargāci	वर्गाच्या vargāca
plural subject	वर्गांचा vargāNċā	वर्गांचे vargāNce	वर्गांची vargāNci	वर्गांच्या vargāNca	वर्गांचे, वर्गांचं vargāNce, vargāNċa	वर्गांची vargāNci	वर्गांच्या vargāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• वर्गखोली (vargakholī, “classroom”)
• वर्गवारी (vargavārī, “categories”)
• वर्गमित्र (vargamitra, “classmate”)
• वर्गमूळ (vargamūḷ, “square root”)
• वर्गीकरण (vargīkaraṇ, “classification”)

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “वर्ग”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bʌrɡʌ]
• Phonetic Devanagari: बर्ग

Noun

वर्ग • (varga)

1. Alternative form of बर्ग [barga].

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ᬯᬃᬕ (Balinese script)
• ৱৰ্গ (Assamese script)
• বর্গ (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰨𑰿𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀭𑁆𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌵𑌰𑍍𑌗 (Grantha script)
• વર્ગ (Gujarati script)
• ਵਰੑਗ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦮꦂꦒ (Javanese script)
• វគ៌ (Khmer script)
• ವರ್ಗ (Kannada script)
• ວຣ຺ຄ (Lao script)
• വര്ഗ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘪𑘨𑘿𑘐 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠠᠷᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
• ᠸᠠᡵᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
• ဝရ်္ဂ (Burmese script)
• 𑧊𑧈𑧠𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐐 (Newa script)
• ଵର୍ଗ (Oriya script)
• ꢮꢬ꣄ꢔ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆫𑇀𑆓 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖨𑖿𑖐 (Siddham script)
• වර්ග (Sinhalese script)
• వర్గ (Telugu script)
• วรฺค (Thai script)
• ཝ་རྒ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From वृज् (vṛj, root) +‎ -अ (-a, nominalization suffix). The root carries a variety of senses, including "to pluck; to pick; to choose", etc.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋɐ́ɾ.ɡɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈʋɐɾ.ɡɐ/

Noun

वर्ग • (várga) m

1. a separate division, class, set, or multitude of similar things or people; group; company; family; ilk; lot etc.
2. the things being grouped together
   1. (phonetics) a class of letters or phonemes grouped together by place of articulation.

      चवर्ग ― cavarga ― the palatal series, the letters grouped under च (ca)

   2. (grammar) a category of words
3. party; side (group of people forming a cohesive unit)
4. section; chapter (of a book)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of वर्ग (várga)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	वर्गः várgaḥ	वर्गौ várgau	वर्गाः / वर्गासः¹ várgāḥ / várgāsaḥ¹
Vocative	वर्ग várga	वर्गौ várgau	वर्गाः / वर्गासः¹ várgāḥ / várgāsaḥ¹
Accusative	वर्गम् várgam	वर्गौ várgau	वर्गान् várgān
Instrumental	वर्गेण várgeṇa	वर्गाभ्याम् várgābhyām	वर्गैः / वर्गेभिः¹ várgaiḥ / várgebhiḥ¹
Dative	वर्गाय várgāya	वर्गाभ्याम् várgābhyām	वर्गेभ्यः várgebhyaḥ
Ablative	वर्गात् várgāt	वर्गाभ्याम् várgābhyām	वर्गेभ्यः várgebhyaḥ
Genitive	वर्गस्य várgasya	वर्गयोः várgayoḥ	वर्गाणाम् várgāṇām
Locative	वर्गे várge	वर्गयोः várgayoḥ	वर्गेषु várgeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• आत्मवर्ग (ātmavarga)

Descendants

• → Hindi: वर्ग (varg)
• → Javanese: warga
• → Lao: ວັກ (wak)
• → Malay: warga
  • Indonesian: warga
• → Marathi: वर्ग (varga)
• Nepali: बर्ग (barga)
• Pali: vagga
  • → Burmese: ဝဂ် (wag)
  • → Khmer: វគ្គ (vĕək)
• → Punjabi: ਵਰਗ (varag)
• → Thai: วรรค (wák), พรรค (pák)
  • → Pattani Malay: ڤ̲اء‎ / พะ (pá)

References

• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “वर्गः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Monier Williams (1899), “वर्ग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 923/3.