厲

See also: 厉

Translingual

Han character

厲 (Kangxi radical 27, 厂+12, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一廿田月 (MTWB), four-corner 7122₇, composition ⿸厂萬)

Derived characters

• 巁 濿(𪵱) 櫔 曞 犡 爄 (𤇃) 禲 礪 (砺) 矋 蠣 (蛎) 糲 (粝) 鱱 勵 (励) 癘 (疠)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 163, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3041
• Dae Jaweon: page 371, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 77, character 17
• Unihan data for U+53B2

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Chinese

trad.		厲
simp.		厉

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 厲
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (萬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
糲	*m·raːds, *m·rads, *m·raːd
犡	*m·raːds, *m·rads
噧	*hmreːds, *r̥ʰaːd
邁	*mraːds
勱	*mraːds
蠆	*m̥ʰraːds
厲	*m·rads
勵	*m·rads
礪	*m·rads
蠣	*m·rads
蠇	*m·rads
癘	*m·rads
濿	*m·rads
櫔	*m·rads
巁	*m·rads
贎	*m·rads, *mlans
萬	*mlans

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lai⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lī / lē

  (Teochew, Peng'im): li⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lì
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lì
    • Wade–Giles: li⁴
    • Yale: lì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
    • Palladius: ли (li)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lai⁶
    • Yale: laih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī / lē
    • Tâi-lô: lī / lē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: li, le
    • IPA (Xiamen): /li²²/, /le²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁴¹/, /le⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /li²²/, /le²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /li³³/, /le³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /li³³/, /le³³/

Note:

• lī - vernacular;
• lē - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: li⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lĭ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: ljejH

Rime
Character	厲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力制切
Baxter	ljejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liajH/
Li Rong	/liɛiH/
Wang Li	/lĭɛiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]at-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*m·rads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	厲	厲	厲
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lì	lì	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ ljejH ›	‹ ljejH ›	‹ ljejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]at-s/	/*[r]at-s/	/*[r]at-s/
English	cruel	grindstone	epidemic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	厲
Reading #	1/1
No.	12621
Phonetic component	萬
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	例
Old Chinese	/*m·rads/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 厲

1. fierce; stern
2. severe; strict

   嚴厲／严厉 (yánlì)

3. ferocious
4. a surname
5. (Classical) Same as 礪／砺 (lì).

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lài, lì (lai⁴, li⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄞˋ, ㄌㄧˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lài
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lài
    • Wade–Giles: lai⁴
    • Yale: lài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lay
    • Palladius: лай (laj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /laɪ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lì
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lì
    • Wade–Giles: li⁴
    • Yale: lì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
    • Palladius: ли (li)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 厲

1. Same as 癩／癞 (lài).

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Japanese

Kanji

厲

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. whetstone
2. grind
3. sharpen

Readings

• On (unclassified): れい (rei); らい (rai); れつ (retsu); れち (rechi)
• Kun: と (to); とぐ (togu); こする (kosuru)

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Korean

Hanja

厲 (eum 려 (ryeo))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

厲: Hán Nôm readings: lẹ, lệ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.