啁

Translingual

Han character

啁 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口月土口 (RBGR), four-corner 6702₀, composition ⿰口周)

1. chirp, twitter, twittering

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3790
• Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 644, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5541

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Chinese

trad.		啁
simp. #		啁

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (周) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
裯	*tuːw, *dɯw, *do
啁	*tuːw, *rtɯːw, *tɯw
禂	*tuːwʔ
綢	*tʰuːw, *dɯw
翢	*tʰuːw, *duːw
錭	*duːw
雕	*tɯːw
凋	*tɯːw
琱	*tɯːw
鯛	*tɯːw
鵰	*tɯːw
彫	*tɯːw
奝	*tɯːw
調	*dɯːw, *dɯːws, *tɯw
蜩	*dɯːw
惆	*tʰɯw
婤	*tʰɯw, *tjɯw
稠	*dɯw
椆	*dɯw, *tjɯws
周	*tjɯw
輖	*tjɯw
賙	*tjɯw
郮	*tjɯw
晭	*tjɯwʔ
倜	*tʰɯːwɢ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhāo (zhao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zau¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhao
    • Wade–Giles: chao¹
    • Yale: jāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jau
    • Palladius: чжао (čžao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zau¹
    • Yale: jāu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: traew, trjuw

Rime
Character	啁	啁
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	陟交切	張流切
Baxter	traew	trjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠau/	/ʈɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚau/	/ʈiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶau/	/ȶiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈaɨw/	/ʈuw/
Li Rong	/ȶau/	/ȶiu/
Wang Li	/ȶau/	/ȶĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶau/	/ȶi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhāo	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zaau1	zau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤriw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuːw/, /*rtɯːw/, /*tɯw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	啁
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhāo
Middle Chinese	‹ træw ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁriw/
English	twitter, noise
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	啁	啁	啁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	17506	17512	17523
Phonetic component	周	周	周
Rime group	幽	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	刀	嘲	輈
Old Chinese	/*tuːw/	/*rtɯːw/	/*tɯw/
Notes	嘐啁今作嘮叨

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 啁

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Japanese

Kanji

啁

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): とう (tō), ちょう (chō), ちゅう (chū), しゅう (shū)
• Kun: たわむれる (tawamureru)

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Korean

Hanja

啁 • (jo, ju) (hangeul 조, 주, revised jo, ju, McCune–Reischauer cho, chu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.