回想

Chinese

		to circle; to go back; to turn around to circle; to go back; to turn around; to answer; to return; to revolve; (a measure word for matters or actions) a time; Islam	to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss
simp. and trad. (回想)		回	想

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huíxiǎng

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wui⁴ soeng²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fì-sióng

(Hailu, HRS): fui siong^ˊ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hôe-sióng / hê-sióng / hôe-siáng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huíxiǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huéisiǎng
  - Wade–Giles: hui²-hsiang³
  - Yale: hwéi-syǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hweisheang
  - Palladius: хуэйсян (xuejsjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    回想
    迴響 / 回响
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wui⁴ soeng²
  - Yale: wùih séung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wui⁴ soeng²
  - Guangdong Romanization: wui⁴ sêng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːi̯²¹ sœːŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fì-sióng
  - Hakka Romanization System: fi^ˇ xiong^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fi² xiong³
  - Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹ si̯oŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: fui siong^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /fui⁵⁵ sioŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-sióng
  - Tâi-lô: huê-sióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoesiorng
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue²³⁻³³ siɔŋ⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hue²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hue²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hê-sióng
  - Tâi-lô: hê-sióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hesiorng
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /he²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-siáng
  - Tâi-lô: huê-siáng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoesiarng
  - Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue¹³⁻²² siaŋ⁵³/

Verb

回想

to recall; to recollect; to remember; to think back

Synonyms

edit

回味 (huíwèi) (to recall something and ponder it)
回念 (huíniàn)
回憶 / 回忆 (huíyì)
回溯 (huísù)
回顧 / 回顾 (huígù)
回首 (huíshǒu)
思古 (sīgǔ) (literary, to be nostalgic for antiquity)
感念 (gǎnniàn) (to recall fondly)
感懷 / 感怀 (gǎnhuái) (to recall with emotion)
想起 (xiǎngqǐ)
憶 / 忆 (yì)
憶想 / 忆想 (yìxiǎng)
懷古 / 怀古 (huáigǔ) (literary, to be nostalgic for antiquity)
浮想 (fúxiǎng)
留戀 / 留恋 (liúliàn) (to recall with nostalgia)
緬想 / 缅想 (miǎnxiǎng)
緬懷 / 缅怀 (miǎnhuái) (to cherish the memory of, especially the deceased)
記 / 记 (jì)
記得 / 记得 (jìde)
記憶 / 记忆 (jìyì)
記起 / 记起 (jìqǐ)
諗起 / 谂起 (nam² hei²) (Cantonese)
追 (literary, or in compounds)
追念 (zhuīniàn)
追思 (zhuīsī) (especially the deceased)
追想 (zhuīxiǎng)
追憶 / 追忆 (zhuīyì)
追懷 / 追怀 (zhuīhuái)
遙想 / 遥想 (yáoxiǎng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (回想):

→ Japanese: 回想(かいそう) (kaisō)
→ Korean: 회상(回想) (hoesang)
→ Vietnamese: hồi tưởng (回想)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
回	想
かい Grade: 2	そう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かいそー [kàísóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ka̠iso̞ː]

Noun

回(かい)想(そう) • (kaisō) ^{←くわいさう (kwaisau)^?}

reminiscence, reflection

Derived terms

回想録(かいそうろく) (kaisōroku)

Verb

回(かい)想(そう)する • (kaisō suru) ^{←くわいさう (kwaisau)^?}transitive suru (stem 回(かい)想(そう)し (kaisō shi), past 回(かい)想(そう)した (kaisō shita))

to reminisce, to reflect

Conjugation

Conjugation of "回想する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	回想し	かいそうし	kaisō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	回想し	かいそうし	kaisō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	回想する	かいそうする	kaisō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	回想する	かいそうする	kaisō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	回想すれ	かいそうすれ	kaisō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	回想せよ¹ 回想しろ²	かいそうせよ¹ かいそうしろ²	kaisō seyo¹ kaisō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	回想される	かいそうされる	kaisō sareru
Causative	回想させる回想さす	かいそうさせるかいそうさす	kaisō saseru kaisō sasu
Potential	回想できる	かいそうできる	kaisō dekiru
Volitional	回想しよう	かいそうしよう	kaisō shiyō
Negative	回想しない	かいそうしない	kaisō shinai
Negative continuative	回想せず	かいそうせず	kaisō sezu
Formal	回想します	かいそうします	kaisō shimasu
Perfective	回想した	かいそうした	kaisō shita
Conjunctive	回想して	かいそうして	kaisō shite
Hypothetical conditional	回想すれば	かいそうすれば	kaisō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

“回想”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
回	想

Noun

回想 • (hoesang) (hangeul 회상)

hanja form^? of 회상 (“reminiscence, remembrance, recollection”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
回	想

Verb

回想

chữ Hán form of hồi tưởng (“to reminisce, to recall past memories”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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[2]