垻

See also: 壩

Translingual

Han character

垻 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 土月山金 (GBUC), four-corner 4618₀, composition ⿰土貝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 229, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5098
• Dae Jaweon: page 465, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 444, character 2
• Unihan data for U+57BB

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Chinese

trad.		垻
simp.		坝*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (貝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
貝	*paːds
狽	*paːds
鋇	*paːds
浿	*pʰaːds, *pʰreːds
垻	*praːs
敗	*praːds, *braːds
唄	*braːds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːs) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 貝 (OC *paːds).

Etymology 1

Related to Proto-Tai *paːᴮ (“grove; wood”), whence Thai ป่า (bpàa, “forest; meadow”), Lao ປ່າ (pā, “forest; wilderness”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bà (ba⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ba⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baa³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bà
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bà
    • Wade–Giles: pa⁴
    • Yale: bà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
    • Palladius: ба (ba)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pä⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ba⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ba
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pa²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: baa³
    • Yale: ba
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ba³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paː³³/

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• Middle Chinese: paeH

Rime
Character	垻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	必駕切
Baxter	paeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠaH/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚaH/
Shao Rongfen	/paH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨH/
Li Rong	/paH/
Wang Li	/paH/
Bernard Karlgren	/paH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	baa3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*praːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	垻
Reading #	1/1
No.	419
Phonetic component	貝
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	霸
Old Chinese	/*praːs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 垻

1. (chiefly Southwestern Mandarin) plain (usually used in place names)
2. (Southwestern Mandarin) beach; shoal

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 垻 – see 壩 (“dam; embankment; dike; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 壩).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bèi (bei⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bèi
    • Wade–Giles: pei⁴
    • Yale: bèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
    • Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 垻

1. ^† slope

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Japanese

Kanji

垻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): はい (hai), は (ha), へ (he)
• Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 垻 (bụi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation