悶

See also: 闷

Translingual

Han character

悶 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓心 (ANP), four-corner 7733₇, composition ⿵門心)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1333, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10729
• Dae Jaweon: page 722, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4291, character 4
• Unihan data for U+60B6

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Chinese

trad.		悶
simp.		闷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (門) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蔄	*roːs, *mruːns
闅	*min, *mrɯn, *mɯn
閩	*mrɯn, *mɯn
蕄	*mɯːŋ, *mrɯːŋ
門	*mɯːn
捫	*mɯːn
悶	*mɯːns
聞	*mɯn, *mɯns
閿	*mɯn
問	*mɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mɯːns) : phonetic 門 (OC *mɯːn) + semantic 心

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mun (“dark”) (STEDT). Cognate with 昏 (OC *hmɯːn, “dusk; dark”), Tibetan མུན་པ (mun pa, “darkness”), Burmese မှုန် (hmun, “dim; gloomy”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mèn, mēn (men⁴, men¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄣˋ, ㄇㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mun
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): būn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bhung⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mèn
    • Wade–Giles: mên⁴
    • Yale: mèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: menn
    • Palladius: мэнь (mɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mən⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: men
    • Wade–Giles: mên¹
    • Yale: mēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhen
    • Palladius: мэнь (mɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mən⁵⁵/

Note:

• mèn - literal (“bored, gloomy, depressed”);
• mēn - vernacular (“stuffy”).

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mun⁶
    • Yale: muhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mun⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: mun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mun
    • Hakka Romanization System: mun
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mun⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /mun⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: būn
    • Tâi-lô: būn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bun²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bun⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bun³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bun³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bhung⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: būng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /buŋ¹¹/

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• Middle Chinese: mwonH

Rime
Character	悶
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫困切
Baxter	mwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muənH/
Pan Wuyun	/muonH/
Shao Rongfen	/muənH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwənH/
Li Rong	/muənH/
Wang Li	/muənH/
Bernard Karlgren	/muənH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mɯːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悶
Reading #	1/1
No.	8962
Phonetic component	門
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	悶
Old Chinese	/*mɯːns/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 悶

1. gloomy, depressed, melancholy
2. bored
3. stuffy

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01384

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

悶

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: もん (mon)
• Kan-on: ぼん (bon)
• Kun: もだえる (modaeru, 悶える)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
悶
もん Hyōgai
goon

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

悶(もん) • (mon) 

1. agony

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Korean

Hanja

悶 • (min) (hangeul 민)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 悶 (muộn, muốn, mụn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.