懹

Translingual

Han character

懹 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 心卜口女 (PYRV), four-corner 9003₂, composition ⿰忄襄)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 408, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11476
• Dae Jaweon: page 750, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2370, character 20
• Unihan data for U+61F9

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		懹

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
囊	*naːŋ
蠰	*naːŋ, *sraŋ, *hnjaŋs, *njaŋʔ
曩	*naːŋʔ
灢	*naːŋʔ, *naːŋs
儾	*naːŋs
孃	*naŋ, *njaŋ
瓤	*naŋ, *njaŋ
鑲	*naŋ, *njaŋ
釀	*naŋs
瓖	*snaŋ, *snaŋ
驤	*snaŋ
襄	*snaŋ
纕	*snaŋ
忀	*snaŋ
欀	*snaŋ, *njaŋs
饟	*hnjaŋ, *hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳	*njaŋ
穰	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
躟	*njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
瀼	*njaŋ
獽	*njaŋ
儴	*njaŋ
蘘	*njaŋ
鬤	*njaŋ, *rnaːŋ
勷	*njaŋ
壤	*njaŋʔ
嚷	*njaŋʔ
讓	*njaŋs
懹	*njaŋs
攮	*rnoːŋʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ràng (rang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ràng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ràng
    • Wade–Giles: jang⁴
    • Yale: ràng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ranq
    • Palladius: жан (žan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: joeng⁶
    • Yale: yeuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: nyangH

Rime
Character	懹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	人樣切
Baxter	nyangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/ȵiaŋH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ràng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njaŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懹
Reading #	1/1
No.	13652
Phonetic component	襄
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	讓
Old Chinese	/*njaŋs/
Notes	見方言

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 懹

1. to fear, to be afraid

References

• (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 2), p. 111