自勝

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	victorious; able to do; competent enough to
trad. (自勝)		自	勝
simp. (自胜)		自	胜

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìshēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄕㄥ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìshēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄕㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhsheng
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-shêng¹
    • Yale: dz̀-shēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhsheng
    • Palladius: цзышэн (czyšɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzijH sying

Rime
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	疾二切	識蒸切
Baxter	dzijH	sying
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪH/	/ɕɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziH/	/ɕɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪH/	/ɕieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziH/	/ɕiŋ/
Li Rong	/d͡ziH/	/ɕiəŋ/
Wang Li	/d͡ziH/	/ɕĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiH/	/ɕi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	shēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6	sing1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s  l̥əŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids  hljɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/2	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì	shēng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzijH ›	‹ sying ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[b]i[t]-s/	/*l̥əŋ/
English	self (adv.)	equal to, capable of
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	17879	17127
Phonetic component	自	朕
Rime group	至	蒸
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	自	升
Old Chinese	/*ɦljids/	/*hljɯŋ/

Verb

自勝

1. (literary) to bear or constrain oneself (especially one's emotions)

   • 及見司隸僚屬，皆歡喜不自勝。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     及见司隶僚属，皆欢喜不自胜。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE

     Jí jiàn Sīlì liáoshǔ, jiē huānxǐ bù zìshēng. [Pinyin]

     By the time (the officials) saw the Sili Xiaowei (Liu Xiu) and his entourage parade past them, all of them were delighted, and none was able to keep the outburst of joy within themselves.

Usage notes

Usually used in the negative to express the sense of " to be not able to bear one's emotions; can't help; to be overwhelmed/overcome with one's emotions".

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìshèng

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄕㄥˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìshèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄕㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhshèng
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-shêng⁴
    • Yale: dz̀-shèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhshenq
    • Palladius: цзышэн (czyšɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzijH syingH

Rime
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	疾二切	詩證切
Baxter	dzijH	syingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪH/	/ɕɨŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziH/	/ɕɨŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪH/	/ɕieŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziH/	/ɕiŋH/
Li Rong	/d͡ziH/	/ɕiəŋH/
Wang Li	/d͡ziH/	/ɕĭəŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiH/	/ɕi̯əŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6	sing3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s  l̥əŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids  hljɯŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì	shèng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzijH ›	‹ syingH ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[b]i[t]-s/	/*l̥əŋ-s/
English	self (adv.)	overcome; surpass
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	自	勝
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	17879	17128
Phonetic component	自	朕
Rime group	至	蒸
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	自	勝
Old Chinese	/*ɦljids/	/*hljɯŋs/

Verb

自勝

1. to overcome oneself; to win over oneself

   • 勝人者有力，自勝者強。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     胜人者有力，自胜者强。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shèngrén zhě yǒulì, zìshèng zhě qiáng. [Pinyin]

     He who overcomes others is strong; he who overcomes himself is mighty.

   • 能勝強敵者，先自勝者也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     能胜强敌者，先自胜者也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Lord Shang, circa 3^rd century BCE, translated based on J.J.L. Duyvendak's version

     Néng shèng qiángdí zhě, xiān zìshèng zhě yě. [Pinyin]

     The one who succeeds in conquering a strong enemy is he, who regards it as his first duty to conquer himself.