菻

See also: 麻

Translingual

Alternative forms

• A similar character, ⿱⻀𣏟 can be found in the historical Jiyun dictionary.
  • In mainland China, this form has been unified with ⿱艹林 due to the Xin Zixing standardization of characters. (⻀ → 艹, 𣏟 → 林)

Han character

菻 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 12 strokes in traditional Chinese, 11 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿木木 (TDD), four-corner 4499₄, composition ⿱艹林)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31238
• Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3230, character 3
• Unihan data for U+83FB

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Chinese

trad.		菻
simp. #		菻
alternative forms		𦾰

Glyph 1

This section refers to ⿱艹林 glyph.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (林) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
婪	*ɡ·ruːm
惏	*ɡ·ruːm
啉	*ɡ·ruːm
漤	*ɡ·ruːmʔ
醂	*ɡ·ruːmʔ
林	*ɡ·rɯm
琳	*ɡ·rɯm
淋	*ɡ·rɯm, *ɡ·rɯms
痳	*ɡ·rɯm
箖	*ɡ·rɯm
霖	*ɡ·rɯm
菻	*ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms
罧	*slɯmʔ, *srɯms
棽	*r̥ʰɯm, *srɯm
綝	*r̥ʰɯm
郴	*r̥ʰɯm
禁	*krɯm, *krɯms
襟	*krɯm
僸	*krɯms, *ŋɡrɯmʔ
澿	*ɡrɯm
噤	*ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms
凚	*ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms
齽	*ɡrɯms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǐn (lin³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lam⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lǐn
    • Wade–Giles: lin³
    • Yale: lǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liin
    • Palladius: линь (linʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lin²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lam⁴
    • Yale: làhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐm²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: limX

Rime
Character	菻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力稔切
Baxter	limX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liɪmX/
Pan Wuyun	/limX/
Shao Rongfen	/ljemX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/limX/
Li Rong	/liəmX/
Wang Li	/lĭĕmX/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯əmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǐn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lam5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·rɯmʔ/, /*ɡ·rɯms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菻	菻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8171	8173
Phonetic component	林	林
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	廩
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·rɯmʔ/	/*ɡ·rɯms/
Notes	拂菻

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 菻

1. ^† (botany) artemisia

   Template:zh-syn

2. ^† Used in 拂菻 (Fúlǐn, “Byzantine Empire”).

Glyph 2

This section refers to ⿱⻀𣏟 glyph.

Glyph origin

Found in the historical Jiyun (deprecated template usage) 《集韻》 rime dictionary published during the Song dynasty.

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 菻 – see 麻 (“general name for hemp, flax, jute, etc.; hemp fibre; linen; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 麻).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C11594
• “菻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

菻

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): りん (rin)
• Kun: きつねあざ (kitsuneaza)

Compounds

• 払菻(ふつりん) (futsurin, “(historical, used by China) Byzantine Empire”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菻
りん Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 菻 (MC limX, “artemisia”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 菻 (lùm, râm, răm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation