探

See also: 深

探	U+63A2, 探 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63A2

← 採
[U+63A1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

掣 →
[U+63A3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

探 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手月金木 (QBCD), four-corner 5709₄, composition ⿰扌罙)

Derived characters[edit]

𠽄

References[edit]

KangXi: page 438, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12276
Dae Jaweon: page 788, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1907, character 6
Unihan data for U+63A2

Chinese[edit]

trad.		探
simp. ^#		探
alternative forms		𢲘

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (罙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
探	l̥ʰuːm, l̥ʰuːms
棎	*ɦljom
賝	*l̥ʰum
琛	*l̥ʰum
穼	*srum
深	hljum, hljums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰuːm, *l̥ʰuːms): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 𥥍 ().

Etymology[edit]

As the initial of the 罙 phonetic series is uncertain, 探 (tàn) may be related to 深 (shēn) (provided the initial was *nh-) (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, this agrees with Mizo tham (“to feel (especially with the hand)”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tàn (tan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taam³, taam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tâm / tham
Min Dong (BUC): tăng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thàm / tham

(Teochew, Peng'im): tam³
Wu (Wiktionary): thoe (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tàn
  - Wade–Giles: tʻan⁴
  - Yale: tàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tann
  - Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: taam³, taam¹
  - Yale: taam, tāam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taam³, taam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: tam³, tam¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːm³³/, /tʰaːm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tâm / tham
  - Hakka Romanization System: dam´ / tam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dam¹ / tam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tam²⁴/, /tʰam⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàm
  - Tâi-lô: thàm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: taxm
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰam⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰam²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰam¹¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tham
  - Tâi-lô: tham
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tafm
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰam⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tam³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thàm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰam²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: thoe (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰø³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /tʰʌm/

Rime
Character	探
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他含切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰəm/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəm/
Li Rong	/tʰᴀm/
Wang Li	/tʰɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤ[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰuːm/, /*l̥ʰuːms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	探
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tān
Middle Chinese	‹ thom ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁ[ə]m/
English	put the hand into and test
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	探	探
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11249	11250
Phonetic component	罙	罙
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	探	僋
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰuːm/	/*l̥ʰuːms/

Definitions[edit]

探

to find; to locate
to search; to grope for
to visit

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 探

一探究竟
伺探
刺探 (cìtàn)
勘探 (kāntàn)
包探 (bāotàn)
哨探
喝探
四郎探母
密探 (mìtàn)
打探 (dǎtàn)
探丸
探事人
探信
探候
探先
探刺
探勘 (tànkān)
探友
探取
探囊 (tànnáng)
探囊取物 (tànnáng qǔ wù)
探子 (tànzi)
探察 (tànchá)
探底
探悉
探戈 (tàngē)
探房
探手
探春
探春之宴
探望 (tànwàng)
探本溯源
探查 (tànchá)
探求 (tànqiú)
探海 (tànhǎi)
探消息
探源 (tànyuán)
探班 (tànbān)
探病 (tànbìng)
探看 (tànkàn)
探知 (tànzhī)
探究 (tànjiū)
探竿影草
探索 (tànsuǒ)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

探

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

look for

Readings[edit]

Go-on: とん (ton)^{←とん (ton, historical)}^{←とむ (tomu, ancient)}
Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)^{←たん (tan, historical)}^{←たむ (tamu, ancient)}
Kun: さがす (sagasu, 探す, Jōyō); さぐる (saguru, 探る, Jōyō)

Suffix[edit]

探(たん) • (-tan)

(archaic) spy from (a country)
- 1947, Ango Sakaguchi, 『二十七歳』
  独(どく)探(たん)のケンギを受(う)けて、大(たい)正(しょう)五(ご)年(ねん)だかに国(こく)外(がい)退(たい)去(きょ)を命(めい)じられたという。
  Doku-tan no kengi o ukete, Taishō go-nen daka ni kokugai taikyo o meijirareta to iu.
  [He was] accused of being a German spy and was officially deported in some time around 1916, as the story goes.

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 探 (MC tʰʌm). Recorded as Middle Korean 탐 (tham) (Yale: tham) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

探

Wikisource

探 (eumhun 찾을 탐 (chajeul tam))

Hanja form^? of 탐 (“search”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

탐구 (探究, tamgu)
탐사 (探査, tamsa)
탐색 (探索, tamsaek)
탐문 (探問, tammun)
탐방 (探訪, tambang)
탐지 (探知, tamji)
탐험 (探險, tamheom)
염탐 (廉探, yeomtam)
탐구 (探求, tamgu)
정탐 (偵探, jeongtam)
탐정 (探偵, tamjeong)
시탐 (試探, sitam)

References[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

探: Hán Nôm readings: thám, phăm, thăm, thớm, xăm, xom, tham

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

探

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Suffix[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

Navigation menu