gland

See also: Gland

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlænd/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ænd

Etymology 1

Late 17th century borrowing from French glande, alteration of Old French glandre, from Latin glandulae (“throat glands, tonsils”), plural of glandula (“a little acorn”), from glāns (“an acorn”) +‎ -ula (diminutive nominal suffix).

Noun

gland (plural glands)

1. (zoology) A specialized cell, group of cells, or organ of endothelial origin in the human or animal body that synthesizes a chemical substance, such as hormones or breast milk, and releases it, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland).

   Meronyms: endocrine gland, exocrine gland

   Hyponyms: see Thesaurus:gland

   1. (anatomy) A structure resembling a gland, especially a lymph node.

      Hyponyms: lymph gland, Virchow's gland

2. (botany) A secretory structure on the surface of an organ.

Translations

organ that synthesizes and secretes substance

• Albanian: gjendër f
• Arabic: غُدَّة f (ḡudda)

  Egyptian Arabic: غدة f (ḡudda)

  Hijazi Arabic: غُدَّة f (ḡudda)

• Armenian: գեղձ (hy) (geġj)
• Asturian: glándula (ast) f
• Azerbaijani: vəzi
• Bashkir: биҙ (biź)
• Basque: guruin
• Belarusian: зало́за f (zalóza)
• Bengali: গ্রন্থি (gronthi)
• Bulgarian: жлеза́ f (žlezá)
• Burmese: ဂလင်း (ga.lang:)
• Catalan: glàndula (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 腺體／腺体 (xiàntǐ), 腺体 (xiàntǐ); 腺 (zh) (xiàn)

• Czech: žláza (cs) f
• Danish: kirtel (da) c
• Dutch: klier (nl) f or m
• Esperanto: glando
• Estonian: nääre
• Finnish: rauhanen (fi)
• French: glande (fr) f
• Galician: glándula (gl) f
• Georgian: ჯირკვალი (ǯirḳvali)
• German: Drüse (de) f, (scent) Stinkdrüse f
• Greek: αδένας (el) m (adénas)

  Ancient: ἀδήν m or f (adḗn)

• Hebrew: בַּלּוּטָה f (balutá)
• Hindi: ग्रंथि (hi) f (granthi)
• Hungarian: mirigy (hu)
• Icelandic: kirtill (is) m
• Ido: glando (io)
• Indonesian: kelenjar (id), glandula (id)
• Interlingua: glandula
• Irish: faireog f
• Italian: ghiandola (it) f
• Japanese: 腺 (ja) (せん, sen), グランド (gurando)
• Javanese: klanjer
• Karachay-Balkar: без (bez)
• Kazakh: без (bez)
• Khmer: ក្លង់ (klɑng), គ្រន្ថី (krŭənthəy), ក្រពេញ (km) (krɑpɨñ)
• Korean: 선(腺) (ko) (seon)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: rijên m

• Kyrgyz: без (ky) (bez)
• Lao: ຕ່ອມ (tǭm)
• Latvian: dziedzeris m
• Lithuanian: liauka f
• Luxembourgish: Drüs f
• Macedonian: жлезда f (žlezda)
• Malay: kelenjar
• Maori: repe
• Marathi: ग्रंथी f (granthī)
• Mongolian: булчирхай (mn) (bulčirxaj)
• Navajo: akááz
• Nogai: без (bez)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kjertel (no) m

  Nynorsk: kjertel m

• Pashto: غده f (ǧodá)
• Persian: غده (fa) (ğodde), دژپیه (fa) (dožpīh), بالو (fa) (bālū)
• Polish: gruczoł (pl) m
• Portuguese: glândula (pt) f
• Romanian: glandă (ro) f
• Russian: железа́ (ru) f (železá)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: жлезда f, жлијезда f

  Roman: žlezda (sh) f, žlijezda (sh) f

• Slovak: žľaza (sk) f
• Slovene: žleza (sl) f
• Spanish: glándula (es) f
• Swedish: körtel (sv) c
• Tagalog: katasan
• Tajik: ғадуд (tg) (ġadud), ғудда (ġudda)
• Thai: ต่อม (th) (dtɔ̀m)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: bez (tr), salgı bezi
• Turkmen: mäz
• Ukrainian: за́лоза f (záloza)
• Urdu: غدہ (ġudda)
• Uyghur: بەز (bez)
• Uzbek: bez (uz)
• Vietnamese: tuyến (vi) (腺)
• Volapük: glan (vo), (scent) mismelaglan
• Westrobothnian: ,

secretory structure on the surface of an organ

• Dutch: klier (nl) f or m
• German: Drüse (de) f
• Ido: glando (io)
• Indonesian: kelenjar (id)
• Irish: faireog f
• Italian: ghiandola (it) f
• Javanese: klanjer
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: rijên m

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Russian: железа́ (ru) f (železá)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: жлезда f, жлијезда f

  Roman: žlezda (sh) f, žlijezda (sh) f

• Tagalog: katasan
• Ukrainian: за́лоза f (záloza)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 封墊／封垫, 封垫 (fēngdiàn)

• Danish: kirtel (da) c, glandel c
• Esperanto: glando
• Galician: glándula (gl) f
• Indonesian: kelenjar (id)
• Interlingua: glandula, aden
• Korean: 동맥 (ko) (dongmaek)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Lithuanian: liauka f
• Macedonian: жлезда f (žlezda)
• Portuguese: glândula (pt) f
• Romanian: glandă (ro) f
• Slovene: žleza (sl) f
• Spanish: glándula (es) f

Hyponyms

• macrogland
• mammary gland

 

Derived terms

• glandectomy
• glandiform
• glandless
• glandlike
• glandotropic
• monkeygland
• pseudogland

 

Related terms

• glanders
• glandular
• glandule
• glandulous
• glans

 

See also

• organ

Etymology 2

Early 19th century, probably from Scots glam (“vice, clamp”). Related to clamp.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gland (plural glands)

2. (mechanics) A compressable cylindrical case and its contents around a shaft where it passes through a barrier, intended to prevent the passage of a fluid past the barrier, such as:
   1. A gland used around a ship’s propeller shaft.
   2. A gland used around a tap, valve or faucet.

Hyponyms

• cable gland

Translations

cylindrical case used for straining

• Bulgarian: са́лник m (sálnik)
• Greek: στυπιοθλήπτης m (stypiothlíptis)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Russian: са́льник (ru) m (sálʹnik)

References

• “gland”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “gland”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

---

French

Etymology

From Old French glant, from Latin glāndem, accusative singular of glāns, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₂- (“acorn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑ̃/

• audio:

  (file)

Noun

gland m (plural glands)

1. acorn
2. (anatomy) glans penis
   • 1785, Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, Les 120 journées de Sodome, ou l'École du libertinage

     Brise-cul, vingt-huit ans, l’air d’un satyre, son vit est tortu; la tête ou le gland en est énorme: il a huit pouces trois lignes de tour, et le corps du vit huit pouces sur seize de long; ce vit majestueux est absolument cambré.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   Synonym: gland du pénis

   Comeronyms: corps caverneux, corps spongieux, frein, prépuce

   Holonym: pénis

   Le gland est entouré par le prépuce, un pli de peau qui peut se retirer pour découvrir le gland.

   The glans is surrounded by the foreskin, a fold of skin that can be pulled back to reveal the glans.

3. tassel
4. (vulgar, slang) (of a person) prick, wanker, bell end

Derived terms

• glander

Related terms

• glande

Further reading

• “gland”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

---

Friulian

Alternative forms

• glant

Etymology

From Latin glāndem, accusative of glāns.

Noun

gland m (plural glands)

1. acorn

---

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French gland, from Latin glans, glandis. Doublet of the inherited ghindă.

Noun

gland n (plural glanduri)

1. (anatomy) glans penis

Declension

Declension of gland

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) gland	glandul	(niște) glanduri	glandurile
genitive/dative	(unui) gland	glandului	(unor) glanduri	glandurilor
vocative	glandule		glandurilor