aspirar

Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin aspīrāre.

Verb

aspirar (first-person singular indicative present aspiro, past participle aspiráu)

1. (intransitive) to inhale (to draw air into the lungs)
2. to hoover, vacuum-clean

Conjugation

Conjugation of aspirar

infinitive		aspirar
gerund		aspirando
past participle		m aspiráu, f aspirada, n aspirao, m pl aspiraos, f pl aspiraes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	aspiro	aspires	aspira	aspiramos	aspiráis	aspiren
	imperfect	aspiraba	aspirabes	aspiraba	aspirábemos, aspirábamos	aspirabeis, aspirabais	aspiraben
	preterite	aspiré	aspirasti, aspiresti	aspiró	aspiremos	aspirastis, aspirestis	aspiraron
	pluperfect	aspirare, aspirara	aspirares, aspiraras	aspirare, aspirara	aspiráremos, aspiráramos	aspirareis, aspirarais	aspiraren, aspiraran
	future	aspiraré	aspirarás	aspirará	aspiraremos	aspiraréis	aspirarán
	conditional	aspiraría	aspiraríes	aspiraría	aspiraríemos, aspiraríamos	aspiraríeis, aspiraríais	aspiraríen
subjunctive	present	aspire	aspires, aspiras	aspire	aspiremos	aspiréis	aspiren, aspiran
	imperfect	aspirare, aspirara	aspirares, aspiraras	aspirare, aspirara	aspiráremos, aspiráramos	aspirareis, aspirarais	aspiraren, aspiraran
imperative		—	aspira	—	—	aspirái	—

Synonyms

• (inhale): inspirar

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin aspīrāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [əs.piˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [as.piˈɾaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [as.piˈɾa]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

aspirar (first-person singular present aspiro, first-person singular preterite aspirí, past participle aspirat)

1. (intransitive) to aspire [with a ‘to’]
2. (transitive) to inhale

   Synonym: inhalar

3. (transitive) to aspirate

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of aspirar (first conjugation)

infinitive			aspirar
gerund			aspirant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		aspirat		aspirada
		plural		aspirats		aspirades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aspiro	aspires	aspira	aspirem	aspireu	aspiren
	imperfect	aspirava	aspiraves	aspirava	aspiràvem	aspiràveu	aspiraven
	future	aspiraré	aspiraràs	aspirarà	aspirarem	aspirareu	aspiraran
	preterite	aspirí	aspirares	aspirà	aspiràrem	aspiràreu	aspiraren
	conditional	aspiraria	aspiraries	aspiraria	aspiraríem	aspiraríeu	aspirarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aspiri	aspiris	aspiri	aspirem	aspireu	aspirin
	imperfect	aspirés	aspiressis	aspirés	aspiréssim	aspiréssiu	aspiressin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	aspira	aspiri	aspirem	aspireu	aspirin
	negative (no)	—	no aspiris	no aspiri	no aspirem	no aspireu	no aspirin

Derived terms

• aspirador
• aspiradora

Related terms

• aspiració
• aspirant
• aspiratori

Further reading

• “aspirar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Galician

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Proto-Italic *ad

Proto-Italic *ad-

Latin ad-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys-der.?

Latin spīrō

Latin aspīrārelbor.

Galician aspirar

Learned borrowing from Latin aspīrāre.

Verb

aspirar (first-person singular present aspiro, first-person singular preterite aspirei, past participle aspirado)

1. to inhale
2. to aspirate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of aspirar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	aspirar
Personal	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspiraren
Gerund
	aspirando
Past participle
Masculine	aspirado			aspirados
Feminine	aspirada			aspiradas
Indicative
Present	aspiro	aspiras	aspira	aspiramos	aspirades	aspiran
Imperfect	aspiraba	aspirabas	aspiraba	aspirabamos	aspirabades	aspiraban
Preterite	aspirei	aspiraches	aspirou	aspiramos	aspirastes	aspiraron
Pluperfect	aspirara	aspiraras	aspirara	aspiraramos	aspirarades	aspiraran
Future	aspirarei	aspirarás	aspirará	aspiraremos	aspiraredes	aspirarán
Conditional	aspiraría	aspirarías	aspiraría	aspirariamos	aspirariades	aspirarían
Subjunctive
Present	aspire	aspires	aspire	aspiremos	aspiredes	aspiren
Imperfect	aspirase	aspirases	aspirase	aspirásemos	aspirásedes	aspirasen
Future	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspiraren
Imperative
Affirmative		aspira	aspire	aspiremos	aspirade	aspiren
Negative (non)		non aspires	non aspire	non aspiremos	non aspiredes	non aspiren

    Reintegrated conjugation of aspirar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	aspirar
Personal	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspirarem
Gerund
	aspirando
Past participle
Masculine	aspirado			aspirados
Feminine	aspirada			aspiradas
Indicative
Present	aspiro	aspiras	aspira	aspiramos	aspirades, aspirais	aspiram
Imperfect	aspirava	aspiravas	aspirava	aspirávamos	aspirávades, aspiráveis, aspirávais1	aspiravam
Preterite	aspirei	aspiraste, aspirache1	aspirou	aspiramos	aspirastes	aspirárom, aspiraram
Pluperfect	aspirara	aspiraras	aspirara	aspiráramos	aspirárades, aspiráreis, aspirárais1	aspiraram
Future	aspirarei	aspirarás	aspirará	aspiraremos	aspiraredes, aspirareis	aspirarám, aspirarão
Conditional	aspiraria	aspirarias	aspiraria	aspiraríamos	aspiraríades, aspiraríeis, aspiraríais1	aspirariam
Subjunctive
Present	aspire	aspires	aspire	aspiremos	aspiredes, aspireis	aspirem
Imperfect	aspirasse	aspirasses	aspirasse	aspirássemos	aspirássedes, aspirásseis	aspirassem
Future	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		aspira	aspire	aspiremos	aspirade, aspirai	aspirem
Negative (nom)		nom aspires	nom aspire	nom aspiremos	nom aspiredes, nom aspireis	nom aspirem

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• aspiración

Further reading

• “aspirar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from English aspirate, French aspirer, German aspirieren, Italian aspirare, Russian аспири́ровать (aspirírovatʹ), Spanish aspirar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aspiˈrar/

Verb

aspirar (present aspiras, past aspiris, future aspiros, conditional aspirus, imperative aspirez)

1. (transitive) to inhale, draw in (air, smoke, etc.)

   Antonym: expirar

2. (transitive) to suck in or up (liquids)
3. (transitive, grammar) to aspirate (a sound)
4. (transitive) to aspire: desire eagerly, long for, aim at

Conjugation

Conjugation of aspirar

		present		past		future
infinitive		aspirar		aspirir		aspiror
tense		aspiras		aspiris		aspiros
conditional		aspirus		—		—
imperative		aspirez		—		—
adjective active participle		aspiranta		aspirinta		aspironta
adverbial active participle		aspirante		aspirinte		aspironte
nominal active participle	singular	aspiranto		aspirinto		aspironto
	plural	aspiranti		aspirinti		aspironti
adjective passive participle		aspirata		aspirita		aspirota
adverbial passive participle		aspirate		aspirite		aspirote
nominal passive participle	singular	aspirato		aspirito		aspiroto
	plural	aspirati		aspiriti		aspiroti

Derived terms

• aspirajo (“aspirate”)
• aspirilo (“aspirator”)
• aspiro (“inhaling, inbreathing, suction, aspiration: ardent wish”)
• aspiro-signo (“sign of aspiration”)
• aspiro-tubo (“suction pipe”)

See also

• sugar
• respirar
• ambiciar

References

• Progreso III (in Ido), 1910–1911, page 33, 71, 702
• Progreso V (in Ido), 1912–1913, page 156

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Proto-Italic *ad

Proto-Italic *ad-

Latin ad-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys-der.?

Latin spīrō

Latin aspīrārelbor.

Portuguese aspirar

Learned borrowing from Latin aspīrāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /as.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [as.piˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /as.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [as.piˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /as.piˈɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aʃ.piˈɾa(ʁ)/ [aʃ.piˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /as.piˈɾa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐʃ.piˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐʃ.piˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐʃ.piˈɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: as‧pi‧rar

Verb

aspirar (first-person singular present aspiro, first-person singular preterite aspirei, past participle aspirado)

1. (transitive) to vacuum (to clean with a vacuum cleaner)
2. (transitive or intransitive) to inhale, to breathe in (to draw air into the lungs)

   Synonyms: inalar, inspirar

3. (intransitive or catenative) to aspire (to dream of becoming something) [with a ‘something’ or a (+ infinitive) ‘to do something’]
4. (phonetics, transitive) to aspirate (to produce a puff of breath with a consonant)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of aspirar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	aspirar
Personal	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspirarem
Gerund
	aspirando
Past participle
Masculine	aspirado			aspirados
Feminine	aspirada			aspiradas
Indicative
Present	aspiro	aspiras	aspira	aspiramos	aspirais	aspiram
Imperfect	aspirava	aspiravas	aspirava	aspirávamos	aspiráveis	aspiravam
Preterite	aspirei	aspiraste	aspirou	aspiramos1, aspirámos2	aspirastes	aspiraram
Pluperfect	aspirara	aspiraras	aspirara	aspiráramos	aspiráreis	aspiraram
Future	aspirarei	aspirarás	aspirará	aspiraremos	aspirareis	aspirarão
Conditional	aspiraria	aspirarias	aspiraria	aspiraríamos	aspiraríeis	aspirariam
Subjunctive
Present	aspire	aspires	aspire	aspiremos	aspireis	aspirem
Imperfect	aspirasse	aspirasses	aspirasse	aspirássemos	aspirásseis	aspirassem
Future	aspirar	aspirares	aspirar	aspirarmos	aspirardes	aspirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		aspira	aspire	aspiremos	aspirai	aspirem
Negative (não)		não aspires	não aspire	não aspiremos	não aspireis	não aspirem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Further reading

• “aspirar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “aspirar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Proto-Italic *ad

Proto-Italic *ad-

Latin ad-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys-der.?

Latin spīrō

Latin aspīrārelbor.

Spanish aspirar

Learned borrowing from Latin aspīrāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aspiˈɾaɾ/ [as.piˈɾaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: as‧pi‧rar

Verb

aspirar (first-person singular present aspiro, first-person singular preterite aspiré, past participle aspirado)

1. (transitive) to inhale
2. to aspire, to desire to be
3. to vacuum

Conjugation

    Conjugation of aspirar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			aspirar
gerund			aspirando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		aspirado		aspirada
		plural		aspirados		aspiradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	aspiro	aspirastú aspirásvos	aspira	aspiramos	aspiráis	aspiran
	imperfect	aspiraba	aspirabas	aspiraba	aspirábamos	aspirabais	aspiraban
	preterite	aspiré	aspiraste	aspiró	aspiramos	aspirasteis	aspiraron
	future	aspiraré	aspirarás	aspirará	aspiraremos	aspiraréis	aspirarán
	conditional	aspiraría	aspirarías	aspiraría	aspiraríamos	aspiraríais	aspirarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	aspire	aspirestú aspirésvos2	aspire	aspiremos	aspiréis	aspiren
	imperfect (ra)	aspirara	aspiraras	aspirara	aspiráramos	aspirarais	aspiraran
	imperfect (se)	aspirase	aspirases	aspirase	aspirásemos	aspiraseis	aspirasen
	future1	aspirare	aspirares	aspirare	aspiráremos	aspirareis	aspiraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		aspiratú aspirávos	aspire	aspiremos	aspirad	aspiren
	negative		no aspires	no aspire	no aspiremos	no aspiréis	no aspiren

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of aspirar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive aspirar	dative	aspirarme	aspirarte	aspirarle, aspirarse	aspirarnos	aspiraros	aspirarles, aspirarse
	accusative	aspirarme	aspirarte	aspirarlo, aspirarla, aspirarse	aspirarnos	aspiraros	aspirarlos, aspirarlas, aspirarse
with gerund aspirando	dative	aspirándome	aspirándote	aspirándole, aspirándose	aspirándonos	aspirándoos	aspirándoles, aspirándose
	accusative	aspirándome	aspirándote	aspirándolo, aspirándola, aspirándose	aspirándonos	aspirándoos	aspirándolos, aspirándolas, aspirándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative aspira	dative	aspírame	aspírate	aspírale	aspíranos	not used	aspírales
	accusative	aspírame	aspírate	aspíralo, aspírala	aspíranos	not used	aspíralos, aspíralas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative aspirá	dative	aspirame	aspirate	aspirale	aspiranos	not used	aspirales
	accusative	aspirame	aspirate	aspiralo, aspirala	aspiranos	not used	aspiralos, aspiralas
with formal second-person singular imperative aspire	dative	aspíreme	not used	aspírele, aspírese	aspírenos	not used	aspíreles
	accusative	aspíreme	not used	aspírelo, aspírela, aspírese	aspírenos	not used	aspírelos, aspírelas
with first-person plural imperative aspiremos	dative	not used	aspirémoste	aspirémosle	aspirémonos	aspirémoos	aspirémosles
	accusative	not used	aspirémoste	aspirémoslo, aspirémosla	aspirémonos	aspirémoos	aspirémoslos, aspirémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative aspirad	dative	aspiradme	not used	aspiradle	aspiradnos	aspiraos	aspiradles
	accusative	aspiradme	not used	aspiradlo, aspiradla	aspiradnos	aspiraos	aspiradlos, aspiradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative aspiren	dative	aspírenme	not used	aspírenle	aspírennos	not used	aspírenles, aspírense
	accusative	aspírenme	not used	aspírenlo, aspírenla	aspírennos	not used	aspírenlos, aspírenlas, aspírense

Derived terms

• aspirador
• aspiradora
• aspirante

Related terms

• aspiración

Further reading

• “aspirar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025