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commoveo

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Indo-European *m(y)owh₁éyeti
Proto-Italic *moweō
Proto-Italic *kommoweō?
Latin commoveō

    Perhaps from Proto-Italic *kommoweō, from *moweō. Given the possible cognate in Umbrian comhota, the Proto-Italic form can be reconstructed. By surface analysis, con- (“with, together”) +‎ moveō (“move”).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    commoveō (present infinitive commovēre, perfect active commōvī, supine commōtum); second conjugation

    1. to move something in violent motion, move; shake, stir, shift, agitate
    2. to remove something from somewhere, carry away, displace
    3. (by extension) to start, set in motion, stimulate, begin, move
      • 55 BCE, Cicero, De oratore 2.44.186–187:
        Facilius est enim currentem, ut aiunt, incitare quam commovere languentem
        As they say, it is easier to rouse the running [horse] than to start the lazy one
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 2.65:
        audent ultro gradum inferre et clamore renovato commovent aciem
        • 1919 translation by B. O. Foster
          they even dared to press forward and, renewing their cheers, set their line in motion
    4. (figuratively) to drive back, dislodge, refute, confute
    5. (figuratively) to throw into disorder, unbalance, unsettle, disturb
      • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Letters to Quintus 10.2:
        Quintus tuus meusque, quod perleviter commotus fuerat, defuit
        Quintus, your and my boy, was absent because he was afflicted with a very slight indisposition
      • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Pro Rabirio 6.18:
        Nihil me clamor iste commovet sed consolatur, cum indicat esse quosdam civis imperitos sed non multos
        The outcry does not disturb me; in fact, it console me, for it shows that there are some ignorant citizens, but not many
    6. (figuratively) to excite, rouse, stir up, affect, influence
      1. to provoke
      2. to awaken

    Conjugation

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       Conjugation of commoveō (second conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present commoveō commovēs commovet commovēmus commovētis commovent
    imperfect commovēbam commovēbās commovēbat commovēbāmus commovēbātis commovēbant
    future commovēbō commovēbis commovēbit commovēbimus commovēbitis commovēbunt
    perfect commōvī commōvistī commōvit commōvimus commōvistis commōvērunt,
    commōvēre
    pluperfect commōveram commōverās commōverat commōverāmus commōverātis commōverant
    future perfect commōverō commōveris commōverit commōverimus commōveritis commōverint
    passive present commoveor commovēris,
    commovēre     		commovētur commovēmur commovēminī commoventur
    imperfect commovēbar commovēbāris,
    commovēbāre     		commovēbātur commovēbāmur commovēbāminī commovēbantur
    future commovēbor commovēberis,
    commovēbere     		commovēbitur commovēbimur commovēbiminī commovēbuntur
    perfect commōtus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect commōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect commōtus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present commoveam commoveās commoveat commoveāmus commoveātis commoveant
    imperfect commovērem commovērēs commovēret commovērēmus commovērētis commovērent
    perfect commōverim commōverīs commōverit commōverīmus commōverītis commōverint
    pluperfect commōvissem commōvissēs commōvisset commōvissēmus commōvissētis commōvissent
    passive present commovear commoveāris,
    commoveāre     		commoveātur commoveāmur commoveāminī commoveantur
    imperfect commovērer commovērēris,
    commovērēre     		commovērētur commovērēmur commovērēminī commovērentur
    perfect commōtus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect commōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — commovē — — commovēte —
    future — commovētō commovētō — commovētōte commoventō
    passive present — commovēre — — commovēminī —
    future — commovētor commovētor — — commoventor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present commovēre commovērī commovēns —
    future commōtūrum esse commōtum īrī commōtūrus commovendus
    perfect commōvisse commōtum esse — commōtus
    future perfect — commōtum fore — —
    perfect potential commōtūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    commovendī commovendō commovendum commovendō commōtum commōtū

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    • “commoveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “commoveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “commoveo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to be moved by a thing: aliqua re moveri, commoveri
      • to touch a person's heart, move him: alicuius animum commovere
      • to cause a person pain: dolorem alicui facere, afferre, commovere
      • to cause oneself to be expected: exspectationem sui facere, commovere
      • to excite some one's pity: misericordiam alicui commovere
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