dis-
English
Etymology
From Middle English dis-, borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.
Pronunciation
Prefix
dis-
- reversal or removal
- disassociate; disarray
- apart
- disconnect
- Used as an intensifier of words with negative valence.
- disembowel; disannul; disgruntled
Usage notes
When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in Modern Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).
Derived terms
Translations
NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.
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See also
References
- “dis-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “dis-”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Anagrams
Catalan
Etymology 1
From Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-).
Prefix
dis-
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.
Prefix
dis-
Derived terms
Further reading
- “dis-” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “dis-”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “dis-” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Prefix
dis-
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.
Prefix
dis-
- shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi (“sow”) > dissemi (“disseminate”) ; ŝiri (“tear”) > disŝiri (“tear to pieces”).
Derived terms
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited dé-.
Pronunciation
Prefix
dis-
Derived terms
Gothic
Romanization
dis-
- Romanization of 𐌳𐌹𐍃-
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from Esperanto dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.
Prefix
dis-
- shows separation or dissemination
Derived terms
Irish
Prefix
dis-
- Alternative form of dios-
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
dis- | dhis- | ndis- |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Italian
Etymology
From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.
Prefix
dis-
- dis-
- dis- + fare (“do”) → disfare (“undo”)
- dis- + organizzare (“organize”) → disorganizzare (“disorganize”)
Derived terms
See also
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognates include Ancient Greek δίς (dís) and Sanskrit द्विस् (dvis).
Prefix
dis-
- asunder, apart, in two
- dīmittō ― dismiss, disband
- discēdō ― part, separate
- reversal, removal
- dissimulō ― disguise, conceal
- utterly, exceedingly
- differtus ― stuffed full
Usage notes
- Before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st and v, the prefix becomes dī-.
- Before f, the prefix becomes dif-.
- Before a consonantal i, the prefix may become dī- or remain as dis-.
- Before a vowel or h, the prefix becomes dir-.
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “dis-”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.
Prefix
dis-
Derived terms
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.
Prefix
dis-
Derived terms
Welsh
Pronunciation
Prefix
dis-
- Alternative form of di-
Derived terms
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English prefixes
- English intensifiers
- English unproductive prefixes
- Catalan terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan prefixes
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan doublets
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch prefixes
- Esperanto terms borrowed from Latin
- Esperanto terms derived from Latin
- Esperanto terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto prefixes
- Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro
- Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto
- Esperanto BRO1
- French terms borrowed from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French doublets
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French prefixes
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Ido terms borrowed from Esperanto
- Ido terms derived from Esperanto
- Ido terms derived from Latin
- Ido terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ido lemmas
- Ido prefixes
- Irish lemmas
- Irish prefixes
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Italian lemmas
- Italian prefixes
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin lemmas
- Latin prefixes
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese prefixes
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish doublets
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish prefixes
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh prefixes