voditi

Old Czech

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-

Proto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei

Proto-Slavic *vodìti

Old Czech voditi

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vodìti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈʋoɟici/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈvoɟici/

Verb

voditi impf

1. (transitive) to lead

Usage notes

• The verb voditi is a multidirectional verb. Its unidirectional counterpart is vésti.

Conjugation

Conjugation of voditi (class IV)

infinitive	supine	verbal noun
voditi	vodit	vozenie

	present			imperative
	singular	dual	plural	singular	dual	plural
1st person	vozu	vodívě (-va)	vodím (-me/-my)	—	voďvě, vodivě (-va)	voďme, vodim (-me/-my)
2nd person	vodíš	vodíta	vodíte	voď, vodi	voďta, vodita	voďte, vodite
3rd person	vodí	vodíta	vodie	voď, vodi	voďta, vodita	voďte, vodite

	aorist (sigmatic)			imperfect
	singular	dual	plural	singular	dual	plural
1st person	vodich	vodichově (-va)	vodichom (-me/-my)	vodiech	vodiechově (-va)	vodiechom (-me/-my)
2nd person	vodi	vodista (-šta)	vodiste (-šte)	vodieše	vodiešta (-sta)	vodiešte (-ste)
3rd person	vodi	vodista (-šta)	vodichu	vodieše	vodiešta (-sta)	vodiechu

	l-participle			passive participle
	singular	dual	plural	singular	dual	plural
masculine	vodil	vodila	vodili	vozen	vozena	vozeni
feminine	vodila	vodile	vodily	vozena	vozeně	vozeny
neuter	vodilo	vodile	vodila	vozeno	vozeně	vozena

	nt-participle			s-participle
	singular	dual	plural	singular	dual	plural
masculine	vodě	vodiece		vodiv	vodivše
feminine	vodieci			vodivši
neuter	vodě, vodieci			vodiv, vodivši

compound forms
perfect	Use the l-participle of voditi and the present tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. vodil jest
pluperfect	Use the l-participle of voditi and one of the past tenses of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. vodil bě/bieše/by / byl jest vodil
future	Use the infinitive of voditi and the future tense of býti or less often present tense of the auxiliary verb chtieti or jmieti e.g. bude/chce/jmá voditi
future perfect	Use the l-participle of voditi and the future tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. bude vodil
present conditional	Use the l-participle of voditi and the perfective aorist tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. vodil by
past conditional	Use the l-participle of voditi and the perfect tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. byl by vodil
passive	Use the passive participle of voditi and the appropriate tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. vozenu býti, jest vozen, bude vozen
continuous	Use the nt-participle of voditi and the appropriate tense of the auxiliary verb býti e.g. jest vodě, bude vodě

Note: This table shows the most common forms of voditi around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: vodit

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “voditi”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voditi, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋǒditi/
• Hyphenation: vo‧di‧ti

Verb

vòditi impf (Cyrillic spelling во̀дити)

1. (ambitransitive) to lead
2. (transitive) to conduct

Conjugation

Conjugation of voditi

infinitive		voditi
present verbal adverb		vȍdēći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		vȍđēnje
		singular			plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present		vodim	vodiš	vodi	vodimo	vodite	vode
future	future I	vodit ću1 vodiću	vodit ćeš1 vodićeš	vodit će1 vodiće	vodit ćemo1 vodićemo	vodit ćete1 vodićete	vodit ćē1 vodićē
	future II	bȕdēm vodio2	bȕdēš vodio2	bȕdē vodio2	bȕdēmo vodili2	bȕdēte vodili2	bȕdū vodili2
past	perfect	vodio sam2	vodio si2	vodio je2	vodili smo2	vodili ste2	vodili su2
	pluperfect3	bȉo sam vodio2	bȉo si vodio2	bȉo je vodio2	bíli smo vodili2	bíli ste vodili2	bíli su vodili2
	imperfect	vođah	vođaše	vođaše	vođasmo	vođaste	vođahu
conditional	conditional I	vodio bih2	vodio bi2	vodio bi2	vodili bismo2	vodili biste2	vodili bi2
	conditional II4	bȉo bih vodio2	bȉo bi vodio2	bȉo bi vodio2	bíli bismo vodili2	bíli biste vodili2	bíli bi vodili2
imperative		—	vodi	—	vodimo	vodite	—
active past participle		vodio m / vodila f / vodilo n			vodili m / vodile f / vodila n
passive past participle		vođen m / vođena f / vođeno n			vođeni m / vođene f / vođena n

¹   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
²   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• dovòditi
• izvòditi
• navòditi
• odvòditi
• podvòditi
• prevòditi
• privòditi
• proizvòditi
• provòditi
• razvòditi
• svòditi
• uvòditi
• zavòditi

Further reading

• “voditi”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *voditi, from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋɔdìːti/, /ʋɔdíːti/

Verb

vodīti impf

1. to lead, to guide, to conduct

Conjugation

-iti -im (AP b)
infinitive	vodīti
1st singular	vọ́dim
infinitive	vodīti			vódit
supine	vódit
verbal noun	vọ́denje
	participle			converb
present	vodȅč			—
past	vọ́den			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	vódił		vodȋla		vodílo
dual	vodíla		vodíli		vodíli
plural	vodíli		vodíle		vodíla
	present			imperative
1st singular	vọ́dim			—
2nd singular	vọ́diš			vódi
3rd singular	vọ́di			—
1st dual	vọ́diva			vodȋva
2nd dual	vọ́dita			vodȋta
3rd dual	vọ́dita			—
1st plural	vọ́dimo			vodȋmo
2nd plural	vọ́dite			vodȋte
3rd plural	vọ́dijo			—

Derived terms

• zvodīti
• dovoz

Further reading

• “voditi”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “voditi”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references