ظل
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See also: طل
Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ظ ل ل (ẓ l l) |
4 terms |
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Semitic *ṯ̣ill- (“shadow”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒄑𒈪 (ṣillum), Ugaritic 𐎑𐎍 (ẓl) and Biblical Hebrew צל (ṣel).
Noun
[edit]ظِلّ • (ẓill) m (plural ظِلَال (ẓilāl) or ظُلُول (ẓulūl) or أَظْلَال (ʔaẓlāl))
- shadow, shade
- reflection
- shady garden
- paradise
- protection, help, assistance
- dark cloud
- darkness
- night
- phantom, specter
- cover, lid, scabbard
- shape, figure, person
- the Sultan (as shadow of God on Earth)
- greatness, sublimity, distinction, eminence, rareness
- power, night
- colors of the day, shades of color, bloom of youth
- heat of summer
- fringe, hairy side of a cloth
- hue
- trace
- (mathematics, trigonometry) tangent (symbol: ظا, ظل)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun ظِلّ (ẓill)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | ظِلّ ẓill |
الظِّلّ aẓ-ẓill |
ظِلّ ẓill |
Nominative | ظِلٌّ ẓillun |
الظِّلُّ aẓ-ẓillu |
ظِلُّ ẓillu |
Accusative | ظِلًّا ẓillan |
الظِّلَّ aẓ-ẓilla |
ظِلَّ ẓilla |
Genitive | ظِلٍّ ẓillin |
الظِّلِّ aẓ-ẓilli |
ظِلِّ ẓilli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | ظِلَّيْن ẓillayn |
الظِّلَّيْن aẓ-ẓillayn |
ظِلَّيْ ẓillay |
Nominative | ظِلَّانِ ẓillāni |
الظِّلَّانِ aẓ-ẓillāni |
ظِلَّا ẓillā |
Accusative | ظِلَّيْنِ ẓillayni |
الظِّلَّيْنِ aẓ-ẓillayni |
ظِلَّيْ ẓillay |
Genitive | ظِلَّيْنِ ẓillayni |
الظِّلَّيْنِ aẓ-ẓillayni |
ظِلَّيْ ẓillay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | ظِلَال; ظُلُول; أَظْلَال ẓilāl; ẓulūl; ʔaẓlāl |
الظِّلَال; الظُّلُول; الْأَظْلَال aẓ-ẓilāl; aẓ-ẓulūl; al-ʔaẓlāl |
ظِلَال; ظُلُول; أَظْلَال ẓilāl; ẓulūl; ʔaẓlāl |
Nominative | ظِلَالٌ; ظُلُولٌ; أَظْلَالٌ ẓilālun; ẓulūlun; ʔaẓlālun |
الظِّلَالُ; الظُّلُولُ; الْأَظْلَالُ aẓ-ẓilālu; aẓ-ẓulūlu; al-ʔaẓlālu |
ظِلَالُ; ظُلُولُ; أَظْلَالُ ẓilālu; ẓulūlu; ʔaẓlālu |
Accusative | ظِلَالًا; ظُلُولًا; أَظْلَالًا ẓilālan; ẓulūlan; ʔaẓlālan |
الظِّلَالَ; الظُّلُولَ; الْأَظْلَالَ aẓ-ẓilāla; aẓ-ẓulūla; al-ʔaẓlāla |
ظِلَالَ; ظُلُولَ; أَظْلَالَ ẓilāla; ẓulūla; ʔaẓlāla |
Genitive | ظِلَالٍ; ظُلُولٍ; أَظْلَالٍ ẓilālin; ẓulūlin; ʔaẓlālin |
الظِّلَالِ; الظُّلُولِ; الْأَظْلَالِ aẓ-ẓilāli; aẓ-ẓulūli; al-ʔaẓlāli |
ظِلَالِ; ظُلُولِ; أَظْلَالِ ẓilāli; ẓulūli; ʔaẓlāli |
See also
[edit]- جَيْب تَمَام (jayb tamām, “cosine”)
- جَيْب (jayb, “sine”)
- ظِلّ تَمَام (ẓill tamām, “cotangent”)
- قَاطِع (qāṭiʕ, “secant”)
- قَاطِع تَمَام (qāṭiʕ tamām, “cosecant”)
References
[edit]- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ظل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “ظل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]ظَلَّ • (ẓalla) I, non-past يَظَلُّ (yaẓallu)
- (copulative) to remain, to persist, to maintain
- ظَلَّ صَامِتًا
- ẓalla ṣāmitan
- He remained silent.
- ظَلَّ عَلَى مَوْقِفِهِ
- ẓalla ʕalā mawqifihi
- He maintained his point of view. [= stayed in the place he was standing]
- to keep doing, to do constantly, to persist in, to remain [with participle or imperfect ‘doing’]
- يَظَلُّ يَتْبَعُهَا
- yaẓallu yatbaʕuhā
- He keeps following her.
- ظَلُّوا جَالِسِينَ
- ẓallū jālisīna
- They remained sitting.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of
ظَلَّ
(form-I geminate, verbal nouns ظَلّ or ظُلُول)verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
ظَلّ or ظُلُول ẓall or ẓulūl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ẓāll | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maẓlūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ẓaliltu |
ẓalilta |
ظَلَّ ẓalla |
ẓaliltumā |
ẓallā |
ẓalilnā |
ẓaliltum |
ẓallū | |||
f | ẓalilti |
ẓallat |
ẓallatā |
ẓaliltunna |
ẓalilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaẓallu |
taẓallu |
yaẓallu |
taẓallāni |
yaẓallāni |
naẓallu |
taẓallūna |
yaẓallūna | |||
f | taẓallīna |
taẓallu |
taẓallāni |
taẓlalna |
yaẓlalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaẓalla |
taẓalla |
yaẓalla |
taẓallā |
yaẓallā |
naẓalla |
taẓallū |
yaẓallū | |||
f | taẓallī |
taẓalla |
taẓallā |
taẓlalna |
yaẓlalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaẓalla or ʔaẓalli or ʔaẓlal |
taẓalla or taẓalli or taẓlal |
yaẓalla or yaẓalli or yaẓlal |
taẓallā |
yaẓallā |
naẓalla or naẓalli or naẓlal |
taẓallū |
yaẓallū | |||
f | taẓallī |
taẓalla or taẓalli or taẓlal |
taẓallā |
taẓlalna |
yaẓlalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ẓalla or ẓalli or iẓlal |
ẓallā |
ẓallū |
||||||||
f | ẓallī |
iẓlalna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | ظُلَّ ẓulla |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yuẓallu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yuẓalla |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yuẓalla or yuẓalli or yuẓlal |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Synonyms
[edit]- مَا زَالَ (mā zāla, “to not stop (doing)”)
Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]ظَلّ • (ẓall) m
- verbal noun of ظَلَّ (ẓalla) (form I)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun ظَلّ (ẓall)
Gulf Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ظل • (ḏ̣iḷḷ) m (plural ظلال (ḏ̣ḷāḷ))
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ظل • (ḏ̣aḷḷ) (non-past يظل (yḏ̣iḷḷ))
Hijazi Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ظ ل ل |
3 terms |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ظِلّ • (ḍill) m (plural ظلال (ḍilāl))
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic ظِلّ (ẓill)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [zill]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [zell̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [zill]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | zill |
Dari reading? | zill |
Iranian reading? | zell |
Tajik reading? | zill |
Noun
[edit]Dari | ظل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | зилл |
ظل • (zell) (plural ظلال (zelāl))
- shadow, shade
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 621:
- زین چنین قحط سه ساله داد داد
ظل مولانا ابد پاینده باد- z-īn čunīn qaht-i sih sāla dād dād
zill-i mawlānā abad pāyanda bād - Justice, justice against such a three years' famine!
May the shadow of our lord endure for ever!
- z-īn čunīn qaht-i sih sāla dād dād
- shelter, protection, aegis
References
[edit]- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “ظل”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ظ ل ل
- Arabic terms inherited from Proto-Semitic
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-Semitic
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- ar:Mathematics
- ar:Trigonometry
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs by conjugation
- Arabic geminate form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs
- Arabic copulative verbs
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic intransitive verbs
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Gulf Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gulf Arabic lemmas
- Gulf Arabic nouns
- Gulf Arabic masculine nouns
- Gulf Arabic terms with homophones
- Gulf Arabic verbs
- Hijazi Arabic terms belonging to the root ظ ل ل
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ظ ل ل
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations