زال

See also: رال

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ز و ل (z w l)
7 terms

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزُولُ (yazūlu), verbal noun زَوَال (zawāl))

1. to go away, withdraw [with عَن (ʕan) or مِن (min) ‘from somewhere’]
2. to leave, abandon [with عَن (ʕan) or مِن (min) ‘something’]
3. to disappear
4. to die down

   عَلَى نِطَاقٍ وَقْتِيٍّ فَلَكِيٍّ، النُّجُومُ مِثْلُ شَمْسِنَا سَتَزُولُ فِي وَقْتٍ قَصِيرٍ.

   ʕalā niṭāqin waqtiyyin falakiyyin, an-nujūmu miṯlu šamsinā satazūlu fī waqtin qaṣīrin.

   On an astronomical timescale, stars like our sun will die down in a short time.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal noun زَوَال)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						زَوَال zawāl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						زَائِل zāʔil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَزُول mazūl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُلْتُ zultu	زُلْتَ zulta	زَالَ zāla		زُلْتُمَا zultumā	زَالَا zālā		زُلْنَا zulnā	زُلْتُمْ zultum	زَالُوا zālū
	f		زُلْتِ zulti	زَالَتْ zālat			زَالَتَا zālatā			زُلْتُنَّ zultunna	زُلْنَ zulna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزُولُ ʔazūlu	تَزُولُ tazūlu	يَزُولُ yazūlu		تَزُولَانِ tazūlāni	يَزُولَانِ yazūlāni		نَزُولُ nazūlu	تَزُولُونَ tazūlūna	يَزُولُونَ yazūlūna
	f		تَزُولِينَ tazūlīna	تَزُولُ tazūlu			تَزُولَانِ tazūlāni			تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزُولَ ʔazūla	تَزُولَ tazūla	يَزُولَ yazūla		تَزُولَا tazūlā	يَزُولَا yazūlā		نَزُولَ nazūla	تَزُولُوا tazūlū	يَزُولُوا yazūlū
	f		تَزُولِي tazūlī	تَزُولَ tazūla			تَزُولَا tazūlā			تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزُلْ ʔazul	تَزُلْ tazul	يَزُلْ yazul		تَزُولَا tazūlā	يَزُولَا yazūlā		نَزُلْ nazul	تَزُولُوا tazūlū	يَزُولُوا yazūlū
	f		تَزُولِي tazūlī	تَزُلْ tazul			تَزُولَا tazūlā			تَزُلْنَ tazulna	يَزُلْنَ yazulna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زُلْ zul			زُولَا zūlā				زُولُوا zūlū
	f		زُولِي zūlī							زُلْنَ zulna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	زِيلَ zīla		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُزَالُ yuzālu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُزَالَ yuzāla		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُزَلْ yuzal		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2

Root
ز ي ل (z y l)
2 terms

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزَالُ (yazālu), verbal noun زَيْل (zayl))

1. (copulative, chiefly in the negative) to not still do, to cease doing [with accusative]

   Synonyms: مَا بَرِحَ (mā bariḥa), مَا ٱنْفَكَّ (mā nfakka), مَا فَتِئَ (mā fatiʔa)

   أَلَا يَزَالُ أَذْكَى شَابٍّ فِي كُلِّ دِمَشْقَ؟

   ʔalā yazālu ʔaḏkā šābbin fī kulli dimašqa?

   Is he still the smartest guy in the whole of Damascus?

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:217:

     وَلَا يَزَالُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ حَتَّى يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَنْ دِينِكُمْ إِنِ ٱسْتَطَاعُوا

     walā yazālūna yuqātilūnakum ḥattā yaruddūkum ʕan dīnikum ʔini staṭāʕū

     And they still will fight you until they turn you back from your religion if they are able.

Usage notes

• Always accompanied by a negative particle مَا (mā) (followed the past), لاَ (followed by the indicative non-past), لَم (lam) (followed by the jussive) or لَن (lan) (followed by the subjunctive and having a future meaning), and idiomatically translated by "still":
  • ماَ زَالَ هُنَاكَ. ― He's still here. (literally, “He did not cease to be here.”)
  • لَا يَزالُ هُنَاكَ. ― lā yazālu hunāka. ― He's still here. (literally, “He does not cease to be here.”)
  • لَم يَزَلْ هُنَاكَ. ― lam yazal hunāka. ― He's still here. (literally, “He did not cease to be here.”)
  • لَن يَزَالَ هُنَاكَ. ― lan yazāla hunāka. ― He will still be here. (literally, “He will not cease to be here.”)
  • كَانَ لَا يَزالُ هُنَاكَ. ― kāna lā yazālu hunāka. ― He was still here. (literally, “He had not ceased to be here.”)
  • لاَ يَزَالُ يَكتُبُ الكِتَابَ. ― He is still writing the book.
  • لَا يَزَالُ نَفْسَ الشَخْصِ. ― lā yazālu nafsa š-šaḵṣi. ― He is still the same person.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, i ~ a, no passive (?), no imperative, verbal noun زَيْل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						زَيْل zayl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						—
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زَالَ zāla		زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَا zālā		زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زَالُوا zālū
	f		زِلْتِ zilti	زَالَتْ zālat			زَالَتَا zālatā			زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزَالُ ʔazālu	تَزَالُ tazālu	يَزَالُ yazālu		تَزَالَانِ tazālāni	يَزَالَانِ yazālāni		نَزَالُ nazālu	تَزَالُونَ tazālūna	يَزَالُونَ yazālūna
	f		تَزَالِينَ tazālīna	تَزَالُ tazālu			تَزَالَانِ tazālāni			تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزَالَ ʔazāla	تَزَالَ tazāla	يَزَالَ yazāla		تَزَالَا tazālā	يَزَالَا yazālā		نَزَالَ nazāla	تَزَالُوا tazālū	يَزَالُوا yazālū
	f		تَزَالِي tazālī	تَزَالَ tazāla			تَزَالَا tazālā			تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزَلْ ʔazal	تَزَلْ tazal	يَزَلْ yazal		تَزَالَا tazālā	يَزَالَا yazālā		نَزَلْ nazal	تَزَالُوا tazālū	يَزَالُوا yazālū
	f		تَزَالِي tazālī	تَزَلْ tazal			تَزَالَا tazālā			تَزَلْنَ tazalna	يَزَلْنَ yazalna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		—			—				—
	f		—							—

Synonyms

• مَا بَرِحَ (mā bariḥa)
• مَا ٱنْفَكَّ (mā nfakka)
• مَا فَتِئَ (mā fatiʔa)

Verb

زَالَ • (zāla) I (non-past يَزِيلُ (yazīlu), verbal noun زَيْل (zayl)) (obsolete)

1. (transitive) to (cause to) move away
2. (transitive) to separate [with accusative ‘something’ and مِن (min) ‘from something else’]

Conjugation

    Conjugation of زَالَ (I, hollow, a ~ i, full passive, verbal noun زَيْل)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						زَيْل zayl
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						زَائِل zāʔil
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَزِيل mazīl
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زَالَ zāla		زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زَالَا zālā		زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زَالُوا zālū
	f		زِلْتِ zilti	زَالَتْ zālat			زَالَتَا zālatā			زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَزِيلُ ʔazīlu	تَزِيلُ tazīlu	يَزِيلُ yazīlu		تَزِيلَانِ tazīlāni	يَزِيلَانِ yazīlāni		نَزِيلُ nazīlu	تَزِيلُونَ tazīlūna	يَزِيلُونَ yazīlūna
	f		تَزِيلِينَ tazīlīna	تَزِيلُ tazīlu			تَزِيلَانِ tazīlāni			تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَزِيلَ ʔazīla	تَزِيلَ tazīla	يَزِيلَ yazīla		تَزِيلَا tazīlā	يَزِيلَا yazīlā		نَزِيلَ nazīla	تَزِيلُوا tazīlū	يَزِيلُوا yazīlū
	f		تَزِيلِي tazīlī	تَزِيلَ tazīla			تَزِيلَا tazīlā			تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَزِلْ ʔazil	تَزِلْ tazil	يَزِلْ yazil		تَزِيلَا tazīlā	يَزِيلَا yazīlā		نَزِلْ nazil	تَزِيلُوا tazīlū	يَزِيلُوا yazīlū
	f		تَزِيلِي tazīlī	تَزِلْ tazil			تَزِيلَا tazīlā			تَزِلْنَ tazilna	يَزِلْنَ yazilna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زِلْ zil			زِيلَا zīlā				زِيلُوا zīlū
	f		زِيلِي zīlī							زِلْنَ zilna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زِلْتُ ziltu	زِلْتَ zilta	زِيلَ zīla		زِلْتُمَا ziltumā	زِيلَا zīlā		زِلْنَا zilnā	زِلْتُمْ ziltum	زِيلُوا zīlū
	f		زِلْتِ zilti	زِيلَتْ zīlat			زِيلَتَا zīlatā			زِلْتُنَّ ziltunna	زِلْنَ zilna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَالُ ʔuzālu	تُزَالُ tuzālu	يُزَالُ yuzālu		تُزَالَانِ tuzālāni	يُزَالَانِ yuzālāni		نُزَالُ nuzālu	تُزَالُونَ tuzālūna	يُزَالُونَ yuzālūna
	f		تُزَالِينَ tuzālīna	تُزَالُ tuzālu			تُزَالَانِ tuzālāni			تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَالَ ʔuzāla	تُزَالَ tuzāla	يُزَالَ yuzāla		تُزَالَا tuzālā	يُزَالَا yuzālā		نُزَالَ nuzāla	تُزَالُوا tuzālū	يُزَالُوا yuzālū
	f		تُزَالِي tuzālī	تُزَالَ tuzāla			تُزَالَا tuzālā			تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَلْ ʔuzal	تُزَلْ tuzal	يُزَلْ yuzal		تُزَالَا tuzālā	يُزَالَا yuzālā		نُزَلْ nuzal	تُزَالُوا tuzālū	يُزَالُوا yuzālū
	f		تُزَالِي tuzālī	تُزَلْ tuzal			تُزَالَا tuzālā			تُزَلْنَ tuzalna	يُزَلْنَ yuzalna

Kashmiri

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zɑːl/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit जाल (jā́la).

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

1. a net, snare, noose
2. a cobweb
3. any web-like texture
4. a collection, mass
5. illusion, deception

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit ज्वाल (jvālá, “light, torch”).

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

1. fever
2. shivering caused by fever

Etymology 3

Noun

زال • (zāl) f (Devanagari ज़ाल)

1. a disease of the eye (clarification of this definition is needed)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Root
ز و ل
1 term

From Arabic زَالَ (zāla).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zaːl/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

زال • (zāl) I (non-past يزول (yzūl))

1. (intransitive) to remove
2. (intransitive) to go away

Conjugation

Conjugation of زال
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	زلت (zult)	زلتي (zulti)	زال (zāl)		زلنا (zulna)	زلتوا (zultu)	زالوا (zālu)
	f			زالت (zālet)
non-past	m	نزول (nzūl)	تزول (tzūl)	يزول (yzūl)		نزولوا (nzūlu)	تزولوا (tzūlu)	يزولوا (yzūlu)
	f		تزولي (tzūli)	تزول (tzūl)
imperative	m		زول (zūl)				زولوا (zūlu)
	f		زولي (zūli)

Persian

Dari	زال
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Зол

Etymology

perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old, to mature”)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zɑːl]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zɔːl̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zɒːl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zɔl]

Readings
Classical reading?	zāl
Dari reading?	zāl
Iranian reading?	zâl
Tajik reading?	zol

Noun

زال • (zâl)

1. albino

Adjective

زال • (zâl)

1. albino
2. grey-haired
3. old, oldwoman
   • c. 1280, Saadi :

     چه خوش گفت زالی به فرزند خویش/چو دیدش پلنگ افکن وپیلتن

Proper noun

زال • (zâl)

1. (Iranian mythology) Zal
2. a male given name, Zal

Sindhi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زال (zāl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zɑlə]

Noun

زالَ • (zāla) f (Devanagari जाल)

1. woman

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “زالَ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ