保持

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	to grasp; to hold; support to grasp; to hold; support; manage; direct; maintain
trad. (保持)		保	持
simp. #(保持)		保	持

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎochí

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄔˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² ci⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pó-chhṳ̀

  (Meixian, Guangdong): bau³ ci²

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pó-chhî / pó-tî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bo² ti⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎochí
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄔˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎochíh
    • Wade–Giles: pao³-chʻih²
    • Yale: bǎu-chŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baochyr
    • Palladius: баочи (baoči)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bou² ci⁴
    • Yale: bóu chìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou² tsi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou² qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-chhṳ̀
    • Hakka Romanization System: bo` ciiˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /po³¹ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: bau³ ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /pau³¹ t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chhî
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tshî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poychii
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰi²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-tî
    • Tâi-lô: pó-tî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poy'dii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ti¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bo² ti⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pó thî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

Verb

保持

1. to keep; to maintain; to preserve; to remain; to stay; to exercise

   保持清潔／保持清洁  ―  bǎochí qīngjié  ―  to keep clean

   保持緘默／保持缄默  ―  bǎochí jiānmò  ―  to remain silent

   保持安靜／保持安静  ―  bǎochí ānjìng  ―  to keep quiet

   保持暢通／保持畅通  ―  bǎochí chàngtōng  ―  to keep clear

   對……保持警惕／对……保持警惕  ―  duì...... bǎochí jǐngtì  ―  to remain vigilant against something

   保持克制  ―  bǎochí kèzhì  ―  to exercise restraint

   保持微笑  ―  bǎochí wēixiào  ―  to keep smiling

   保持強勁的增長 [MSC, trad.]
   保持强劲的增长 [MSC, simp.]

   bǎochí qiángjìng de zēngzhǎng [Pinyin]

   to maintain robust growth

   畢業後，他仍然與同學保持聯繫。 [MSC, trad.]
   毕业后，他仍然与同学保持联系。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bìyè hòu, tā réngrán yǔ tóngxué bǎochí liánxì. [Pinyin]

   He still keeps in touch with his classmates after graduation.

Synonyms

• 保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
• 保守 (bǎoshǒu)
• 守 (shǒu)
• 把牢 (bǎláo)
• 維持／维持 (wéichí)
• 維繫／维系 (wéixì)

 

Derived terms

• 水土保持 (shuǐtǔ bǎochí)
• 牙齒保持器／牙齿保持器 (yáchǐ bǎochíqì)

 

Related terms

• 堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	持
ほ Grade: 5	じ Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

保(ほ)持(じ) • (hoji) ^{←ほぢ (fodi)?}

1. keeping, holding, conservation, retention
2. maintenance

Verb

保(ほ)持(じ)する • (hoji suru) ^{←ほぢ (fodi)?}suru (stem 保(ほ)持(じ)し (hoji shi), past 保(ほ)持(じ)した (hoji shita))

1. keep, hold, conserve
2. maintain

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保持する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	保持し	ほじし	hoji shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	保持し	ほじし	hoji shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	保持する	ほじする	hoji suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	保持する	ほじする	hoji suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	保持すれ	ほじすれ	hoji sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	保持せよ¹ 保持しろ²	ほじせよ¹ ほじしろ²	hoji seyo¹ hoji shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保持される	ほじされる	hoji sareru
Causative	保持させる 保持さす	ほじさせる ほじさす	hoji saseru hoji sasu
Potential	保持できる	ほじできる	hoji dekiru
Volitional	保持しよう	ほじしよう	hoji shiyō
Negative	保持しない	ほじしない	hoji shinai
Negative continuative	保持せず	ほじせず	hoji sezu
Formal	保持します	ほじします	hoji shimasu
Perfective	保持した	ほじした	hoji shita
Conjunctive	保持して	ほじして	hoji shite
Hypothetical conditional	保持すれば	ほじすれば	hoji sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
保	持

Noun

保持 • (boji) (hangeul 보지)

1. Hanja form^? of 보지 (“preservation”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
保	持

Verb

保持

1. chữ Hán form of bảo trì (“to preserve”).