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U+5F8B, 律
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F8B

[U+5F8A]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F8C]
U+F9D8, 律
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D8

[U+F9D7]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9D9]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 60, +6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人中手 (HOLQ), four-corner 25207, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 366, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10097
  • Dae Jaweon: page 687, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 821, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5F8B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *rud): semantic + phonetic (OC *b·lud).

Pronunciation[edit]



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ly⁵¹/
Harbin /ly⁵³/
Tianjin /luei⁵³/
/ly⁵³/
Jinan /ly²¹/
Qingdao /ly⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ly²⁴/
Xi'an /ly²¹/
Xining /l̩ʷ⁵³/
Yinchuan /ly¹³/
Lanzhou /ly¹³/
Ürümqi /ly²¹³/
Wuhan /ny²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /li³¹/
Nanjing /lyʔ⁵/
Hefei /lyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /lyəʔ²/
Pingyao /luʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /lyəʔ⁴³/
/ly⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /liɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /liəʔ³/
Hangzhou /liəʔ²/
Wenzhou /li²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ly²²/
/li²²/
Tunxi /li¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /li²⁴/
Xiangtan /ni²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /liʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lut̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /løt̚²/
Nanning /lyt̚²²/
Hong Kong /løt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lut̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /luʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ly²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /luk̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lut̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (52)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter lwit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/liuɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/lʷit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ljuet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lwit̚/
Li
Rong
/liuĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/lĭuĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/li̯uĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
leot6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lwit › ‹ lwit ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]ut/ /*[r]ut/
English law, rule (n.) 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 15978
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rud/

Definitions[edit]

  1. statute; principle; regulation; discipline; rule; law
      ―    ―  law
  2. to control; to keep under control

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (りつ) (ritsu)
  • Korean: 률(律) (ryul), 율(律) (yul)
  • Vietnamese: luật ()

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
りつ
Grade: 6
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC lwit). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally Han sound) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

The Buddhist senses are a translation of Sanskrit विनय (vinaya, discipline, guidance, humility).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(りつ) (ritsu

  1. a law, code
  2. (law, historical) a criminal code developed in ancient China that was, alongside the (ryō), spread throughout East Asia especially Japan where it was further revised into the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system
  3. (Buddhism) a set of rules for a monastic community
  4. (Buddhism) Short for 律蔵 (Ritsuzō): the Vinaya Piṭaka, one of the Tripitaka
  5. (Buddhism) Short for 律儀, 律義 (ritsugi): translation of Sanskrit संवर (saṃvara), This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  6. (music) a rhythm
  7. (music) the six yang (odd-numbered) notes in the 十二律 (jūniritsu) chromatic scale
    Antonym: (ryo)
  8. (music) Short for 律旋 (rissen): a seven-tone scale in gagaku, similar to the Dorian mode in the West
  9. Short for 律管 (rikkan): an ancient pitch pipe that corresponds to the 十二律 (jūniritsu) chromatic scale
Derived terms[edit]

Affix[edit]

(りつ) (ritsu

  1. rule, regulation
  2. law, code
  3. (Buddhism) rules of discipline for a monastic community
  4. (music) rhythm, meter
  5. (music) yang pitch
  6. a form of Chinese poetry
Derived terms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

(りつ) (Ritsu

  1. (Buddhism) Short for 律宗 (Risshū): the Risshū school of Buddhism
  2. a female given name

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
りち
Grade: 6
goon

From Middle Chinese (MC lwit).

The 呉音 (goon, literally Wu sound) reading, so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(りち) (richi

  1. (music) a rhythm
  2. (music) the six yang (odd-numbered) notes in the 十二律 (jūniritsu) chromatic scale
  3. (music) Short for 律旋 (rissen): a seven-tone scale in gagaku, similar to the Dorian mode in the West

Affix[edit]

(りち) (richi

  1. law, code
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(eumhun 법칙 (beopchik ryul), South Korea 법칙 (beopchik yul))

  1. Hanja form? of / (law; rule).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: luật, lót, lọt, rút, rụt, sụt, suốt, trót, luốt, rọt, sốt, trốt, trút

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.