شب

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See also: شپ‎, سپ‎, and ست‎

Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the root ش ب ب‎ (š-b-b).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

شَبَّ • (šabba) I, non-past يَشِبُّ‎‎ (yašibbu)

  1. to become a young adult, to grow up
    Synonym: بَلَغَ‎ (balaḡa)

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of
شَبَّ
(form-I geminate, verbal nouns شَبَاب or شَبِيب)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
šabāb or šabīb
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
šābb
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šababtu
šababta
شَبَّ

šabba
šababtumā
šabbā
šababnā
šababtum
šabbū
f
šababti
šabbat
šabbatā
šababtunna
šababna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾašibbu
tašibbu
yašibbu
tašibbāni
yašibbāni
našibbu
tašibbūna
yašibbūna
f
tašibbīna
tašibbu
tašibbāni
tašbibna
yašbibna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾašibba
tašibba
yašibba
tašibbā
yašibbā
našibba
tašibbū
yašibbū
f
tašibbī
tašibba
tašibbā
tašbibna
yašbibna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾašibba or ʾašibbi or ʾašbib
tašibba or tašibbi or tašbib
yašibba or yašibbi or yašbib
tašibbā
yašibbā
našibba or našibbi or našbib
tašibbū
yašibbū
f
tašibbī
tašibba or tašibbi or tašbib
tašibbā
tašbibna
yašbibna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
شِبَّ or شِبِّ or اِشْبِبْ‎

šibba or šibbi or išbib
šibbā
šibbū
f
šibbī
išbibna

Derived terms[edit]

Verb[edit]

شَبَّ • (šabba) I, non-past يَشِبُّ‎ or يَشُبُّ‎‎ (yašibbu or yašubbu)

  1. to be brisk, to be lively, to be sprightly
  2. to raise one's head (as when trying to reach or look at something), to stand on the tiptoes, to stretch up
    Synonym: اِشْرَأبَّ‎ (“to raise one's head, to lift one's eyes, to look up”)
  3. (of an animal, such as a horse) to raise the forelegs, to prance

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of
شَبَّ
(form-I geminate, verbal nouns شِبَاب or شُبُوب or شَبِيب)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
šibāb or šubūb or šabīb
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
šābb
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šababtu
šababta
شَبَّ

šabba
šababtumā
šabbā
šababnā
šababtum
šabbū
f
šababti
šabbat
šabbatā
šababtunna
šababna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾašibbu or ʾašubbu
tašibbu or tašubbu
yašibbu or yašubbu
tašibbāni or tašubbāni
yašibbāni or yašubbāni
našibbu or našubbu
tašibbūna or tašubbūna
yašibbūna or yašubbūna
f
tašibbīna or tašubbīna
tašibbu or tašubbu
tašibbāni or tašubbāni
tašbibna or tašbubna
yašbibna or yašbubna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾašibba or ʾašubba
tašibba or tašubba
yašibba or yašubba
tašibbā or tašubbā
yašibbā or yašubbā
našibba or našubba
tašibbū or tašubbū
yašibbū or yašubbū
f
tašibbī or tašubbī
tašibba or tašubba
tašibbā or tašubbā
tašbibna or tašbubna
yašbibna or yašbubna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾašibba or ʾašibbi or ʾašbib or ʾašubba or ʾašubbi or ʾašbub
tašibba or tašibbi or tašbib or tašubba or tašubbi or tašbub
yašibba or yašibbi or yašbib or yašubba or yašubbi or yašbub
tašibbā or tašubbā
yašibbā or yašubbā
našibba or našibbi or našbib or našubba or našubbi or našbub
tašibbū or tašubbū
yašibbū or yašubbū
f
tašibbī or tašubbī
tašibba or tašibbi or tašbib or tašubba or tašubbi or tašbub
tašibbā or tašubbā
tašbibna or tašbubna
yašbibna or yašbubna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
شِبَّ or شِبِّ or اِشْبِبْ‎ or شُبَّ or شُبِّ or اُشْبُبْ‎

šibba or šibbi or išbib or šubba or šubbi or ušbub
šibbā or šubbā
šibbū or šubbū
f
šibbī or šubbī
išbibna or ušbubna

Verb[edit]

شَبَّ • (šabba) I, non-past يَشُبُّ‎‎ (yašubbu)

  1. (transitive) to kindle, to inflame, to ignite (also figuratively, such as of war kindled)
    1. (intransitive, of a fire) to break out
  2. to raise, to lift; to heighten; to highlight, to intensify (also figuratively, and particularly if done with colours or when referring to physical qualities and attributes, such as beauty and attractiveness)

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of
شَبَّ
(form-I geminate, verbal noun شَبّ)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
شَبّ

šabb
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
šābb
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
mašbūb
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šababtu
šababta
شَبَّ

šabba
šababtumā
šabbā
šababnā
šababtum
šabbū
f
šababti
šabbat
šabbatā
šababtunna
šababna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾašubbu
tašubbu
yašubbu
tašubbāni
yašubbāni
našubbu
tašubbūna
yašubbūna
f
tašubbīna
tašubbu
tašubbāni
tašbubna
yašbubna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾašubba
tašubba
yašubba
tašubbā
yašubbā
našubba
tašubbū
yašubbū
f
tašubbī
tašubba
tašubbā
tašbubna
yašbubna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾašubba or ʾašubbi or ʾašbub
tašubba or tašubbi or tašbub
yašubba or yašubbi or yašbub
tašubbā
yašubbā
našubba or našubbi or našbub
tašubbū
yašubbū
f
tašubbī
tašubba or tašubbi or tašbub
tašubbā
tašbubna
yašbubna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
شُبَّ or شُبِّ or اُشْبُبْ‎

šubba or šubbi or ušbub
šubbā
šubbū
f
šubbī
ušbubna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
šubibtu
šubibta
شُبَّ

šubba
šubibtumā
šubbā
šubibnā
šubibtum
šubbū
f
šubibti
šubbat
šubbatā
šubibtunna
šubibna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع 		m
ʾušabbu
tušabbu
yušabbu
tušabbāni
yušabbāni
nušabbu
tušabbūna
yušabbūna
f
tušabbīna
tušabbu
tušabbāni
tušbabna
yušbabna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾušabba
tušabba
yušabba
tušabbā
yušabbā
nušabba
tušabbū
yušabbū
f
tušabbī
tušabba
tušabbā
tušbabna
yušbabna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾušabba or ʾušabbi or ʾušbab
tušabba or tušabbi or tušbab
yušabba or yušabbi or yušbab
tušabbā
yušabbā
nušabba or nušabbi or nušbab
tušabbū
yušabbū
f
tušabbī
tušabba or tušabbi or tušbab
tušabbā
tušbabna
yušbabna

Noun[edit]

شَبّ • (šabb) m

  1. verbal noun of شَبَّ (šabba, “to raise; to kindle”) (form I)

Declension[edit]

Declension of noun شَبّ (šabb)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبّ
šabb 		الشَّبّ‎
aš-šabb 		شَبّ
šabb
Nominative شَبٌّ
šabbun 		الشَّبُّ‎
aš-šabbu 		شَبُّ
šabbu
Accusative شَبًّا‎
šabban 		الشَّبَّ‎
aš-šabba 		شَبَّ
šabba
Genitive شَبٍّ
šabbin 		الشَّبِّ‎
aš-šabbi 		شَبِّ
šabbi
Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:
شب‎
Wikipedia ar

Noun[edit]

شَبّ • (šabb) m (collective, singulative شَبَّة‎ f (šabba))

  1. vitriol
    Synonym: زَاج‎ (zāj)
  2. alum

Declension[edit]

Declension of noun شَبّ (šabb)
Collective basic collective triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبّ
šabb 		الشَّبّ‎
aš-šabb 		شَبّ
šabb
Nominative شَبٌّ
šabbun 		الشَّبُّ‎
aš-šabbu 		شَبُّ
šabbu
Accusative شَبًّا‎
šabban 		الشَّبَّ‎
aš-šabba 		شَبَّ
šabba
Genitive شَبٍّ
šabbin 		الشَّبِّ‎
aš-šabbi 		شَبِّ
šabbi
Singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبَّة‎
šabba 		الشَّبَّة‎
aš-šabba 		شَبَّة‎
šabbat
Nominative شَبَّةٌ‎
šabbatun 		الشَّبَّةُ‎
aš-šabbatu 		شَبَّةُ‎
šabbatu
Accusative شَبَّةً‎
šabbatan 		الشَّبَّةَ‎
aš-šabbata 		شَبَّةَ‎
šabbata
Genitive شَبَّةٍ‎
šabbatin 		الشَّبَّةِ‎
aš-šabbati 		شَبَّةِ‎
šabbati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبَّتَيْن‎
šabbatayn 		الشَّبَّتَيْن‎
aš-šabbatayn 		شَبَّتَيْ‎
šabbatay
Nominative شَبَّتَانِ‎
šabbatāni 		الشَّبَّتَانِ‎
aš-šabbatāni 		شَبَّتَا‎
šabbatā
Accusative شَبَّتَيْنِ‎
šabbatayni 		الشَّبَّتَيْنِ‎
aš-šabbatayni 		شَبَّتَيْ‎
šabbatay
Genitive شَبَّتَيْنِ‎
šabbatayni 		الشَّبَّتَيْنِ‎
aš-šabbatayni 		شَبَّتَيْ‎
šabbatay
Paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal شَبَّات‎
šabbāt 		الشَّبَّات‎
aš-šabbāt 		شَبَّات‎
šabbāt
Nominative شَبَّاتٌ‎
šabbātun 		الشَّبَّاتُ‎
aš-šabbātu 		شَبَّاتُ‎
šabbātu
Accusative شَبَّاتٍ‎
šabbātin 		الشَّبَّاتِ‎
aš-šabbāti 		شَبَّاتِ‎
šabbāti
Genitive شَبَّاتٍ‎
šabbātin 		الشَّبَّاتِ‎
aš-šabbāti 		شَبَّاتِ‎
šabbāti

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Andalusian Arabic: شَبّ‎ (šább)
  • → Middle Armenian: շիպ (šip)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: شاب‎ (şab, şap)
  • → Urdu: شَبّ‎ (šabb)

References[edit]

  • Freytag, Georg (1833), “شب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 386–387
  • Lane, Edward William (1863), “شب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1492–1493
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “شب”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 627–628

North Levantine Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic شابّ‎ (šābb).

Noun[edit]

شب • (šabb) m (plural شباب‎ (šabāb))

  1. a male teenager or a young man up to the age of circa 30 years

Usage notes[edit]

  • The singular is restricted to males, the female equivalents being صبية‎ (ṣabiyye) or بنت‎ (bint). Predominantly, this restriction to the male sex also holds true for the plural, but not in all contexts. For example, when contrasting generations with each other, شباب (šabāb) may refer to the entire young generation. It is also possible to address a mixed group as يا شباب!‎ (yā šabāb!).
  • The masculine plural may be explicitly specified with the word صبيان‎ (ṣibyān, ṣubyān), though this is less common because the form tends to mean “[young] boys”.

Persian[edit]

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
شب‎
Wikipedia fa

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (LYLYA), [script needed] (šp /šab/), from Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐎱 (xšap-), from Proto-Iranian *xšáfš.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Dari Persian شب
Iranian Persian
Tajik шаб (šab)

شب • (šab) (plural شب‌ها‎ (šab-hâ) or شبان‎ (šabân))

  1. night
  2. evening

Derived terms[edit]

Urdu[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Persian شب‎ (šab).

Noun[edit]

شب • (šab) f (Hindi spelling शब)

  1. night
  2. evening
Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic شَبّ‎ (šabb).

Noun[edit]

شب • (šabb) m (Hindi spelling शब्ब)

  1. alum
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