वाम
Old Gujarati
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit वाम (vāma).
Adjective
[edit]वाम • (vāma)
- left side
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱাম (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬵᬫ (Balinese script)
- বাম (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰯𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- ဝါမ (Burmese script)
- વામ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਾਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌾𑌮 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂰𑂧 (Kaithi script)
- ವಾಮ (Kannada script)
- វាម (Khmer script)
- ວາມ (Lao script)
- വാമ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᠠ᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘰𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧑𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐵𑐩 (Newa script)
- ଵାମ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢵꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆳𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖯𑖦 (Siddham script)
- වාම (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚭𑚢 (Takri script)
- வாம (Tamil script)
- వామ (Telugu script)
- วาม (Thai script)
- ཝཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒰𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology 1
[edit]Of uncertain origin. Mayrhofer considers two theories plausible:
- A semantic extension of the "lovely" sense of Etymology 2, using the meaning of "lovely" to euphemistically refer to the "normally inauspicious left side". If correct, then compare Proto-Germanic *winistraz (“left”).[1][2]
- Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂-mó-s, from *h₁weh₂- (“to leave”), and related to ऊन (ūna, “deficient, wanting”), thus interpreting the lefthand side as the "exhausted or deficient" side.[2]
See also वामन (vāmana, “dwarfish; bent”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]वाम॑ • (vā́ma) stem
- left, not right, being or situated on the left side (the quivering of the left eye or arm is supposed to be a good omen in women and of the left arm a bad omen in men)
- reverse, adverse, contrary, opposite, unfavorable
- crooked, oblique (अम् ind. sideways)
- refractory, coy (in love)
- acting in the opposite way or differently
- hard, cruel
- vile, wicked, base, low, bad
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वामः॑ (vā́maḥ) | वामौ॑ (vā́mau) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) वामा॑सः¹ (vā́māsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | वाम॑म् (vā́mam) | वामौ॑ (vā́mau) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
वामा॑न् (vā́mān) |
| instrumental | वामे॑न (vā́mena) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामैः॑ (vā́maiḥ) वामे॑भिः¹ (vā́mebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वामा॑य (vā́māya) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामे॑भ्यः (vā́mebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामा॑त् (vā́māt) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामे॑भ्यः (vā́mebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वाम॑स्य (vā́masya) | वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामा॑नाम् (vā́mānām) |
| locative | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामे॑षु (vā́meṣu) |
| vocative | वाम॑ (vā́ma) | वामौ॑ (vā́mau) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) वामा॑सः¹ (vā́māsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वामा॑ (vā́mā) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) |
| accusative | वामा॑म् (vā́mām) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) |
| instrumental | वाम॑या (vā́mayā) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामा॑भिः (vā́mābhiḥ) |
| dative | वामा॑यै (vā́māyai) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामा॑भ्यः (vā́mābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामा॑याः (vā́māyāḥ) वामा॑यै² (vā́māyai²) |
वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामा॑भ्यः (vā́mābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वामा॑याः (vā́māyāḥ) वामा॑यै² (vā́māyai²) |
वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामा॑नाम् (vā́mānām) |
| locative | वामा॑याम् (vā́māyām) | वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामा॑सु (vā́māsu) |
| vocative | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वाम॑म् (vā́mam) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामा॑नि (vā́māni) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
| accusative | वाम॑म् (vā́mam) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामा॑नि (vā́māni) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
| instrumental | वामे॑न (vā́mena) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामैः॑ (vā́maiḥ) वामे॑भिः¹ (vā́mebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वामा॑य (vā́māya) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामे॑भ्यः (vā́mebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामा॑त् (vā́māt) | वामा॑भ्याम् (vā́mābhyām) | वामे॑भ्यः (vā́mebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वाम॑स्य (vā́masya) | वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामा॑नाम् (vā́mānām) |
| locative | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वाम॑योः (vā́mayoḥ) | वामे॑षु (vā́meṣu) |
| vocative | वाम॑ (vā́ma) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामा॑नि (vā́māni) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]वाम • (vāma) stem, m
- the left side
- वामाद् दक्षिणम्
- vāmād dakṣiṇam
- from left to right
- वामेन
- vāmena
- on the left
- the left hand
- a snake
- an animal, sentient being
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वामः (vāmaḥ) | वामौ (vāmau) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
वामाः (vāmāḥ) वामासः¹ (vāmāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | वामम् (vāmam) | वामौ (vāmau) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
वामान् (vāmān) |
| instrumental | वामेन (vāmena) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामैः (vāmaiḥ) वामेभिः¹ (vāmebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वामाय (vāmāya) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामात् (vāmāt) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वामस्य (vāmasya) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामानाम् (vāmānām) |
| locative | वामे (vāme) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामेषु (vāmeṣu) |
| vocative | वाम (vāma) | वामौ (vāmau) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
वामाः (vāmāḥ) वामासः¹ (vāmāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]वाम • (vāma) stem, n
- the left side
- adversity, misfortune
- the left-hand practices of the followers of the Tantras
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वामम् (vāmam) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
| accusative | वामम् (vāmam) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
| instrumental | वामेन (vāmena) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामैः (vāmaiḥ) वामेभिः¹ (vāmebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वामाय (vāmāya) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामात् (vāmāt) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वामस्य (vāmasya) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामानाम् (vāmānām) |
| locative | वामे (vāme) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामेषु (vāmeṣu) |
| vocative | वाम (vāma) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Some descendants may also continue वामक (vāmaka).
References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “vā́ma- Adj. link”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 543
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “vā́maḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 189
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “वाम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 941, column 2.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “वाम”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *wn̥h₁-mó-s (“to love, wish”);[1] compare वनोति (vanóti).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]- lovely, dear, pleasant, agreeable, fair, beautiful, splendid, noble
- (at the end of a compound) striving after, eager for, intent upon, fond of
- relating to a mare
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वा॒मः (vāmáḥ) | वा॒मौ (vāmáu) वा॒मा¹ (vāmā́¹) |
वा॒माः (vāmā́ḥ) वा॒मासः॑¹ (vāmā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | वा॒मम् (vāmám) | वा॒मौ (vāmáu) वा॒मा¹ (vāmā́¹) |
वा॒मान् (vāmā́n) |
| instrumental | वा॒मेन॑ (vāména) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मैः (vāmáiḥ) वा॒मेभिः॑¹ (vāmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वा॒माय॑ (vāmā́ya) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मेभ्यः॑ (vāmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वा॒मात् (vāmā́t) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मेभ्यः॑ (vāmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वा॒मस्य॑ (vāmásya) | वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒माना॑म् (vāmā́nām) |
| locative | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒मेषु॑ (vāméṣu) |
| vocative | वाम॑ (vā́ma) | वामौ॑ (vā́mau) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) वामा॑सः¹ (vā́māsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वा॒मा (vāmā́) | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒माः (vāmā́ḥ) |
| accusative | वा॒माम् (vāmā́m) | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒माः (vāmā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | वा॒मया॑ (vāmáyā) वा॒मा¹ (vāmā́¹) |
वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒माभिः॑ (vāmā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | वा॒मायै॑ (vāmā́yai) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒माभ्यः॑ (vāmā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वा॒मायाः॑ (vāmā́yāḥ) वा॒मायै॑² (vāmā́yai²) |
वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒माभ्यः॑ (vāmā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वा॒मायाः॑ (vāmā́yāḥ) वा॒मायै॑² (vāmā́yai²) |
वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒माना॑म् (vāmā́nām) |
| locative | वा॒माया॑म् (vāmā́yām) | वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒मासु॑ (vāmā́su) |
| vocative | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामाः॑ (vā́māḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वा॒मी (vāmī́) | वा॒म्यौ॑ (vāmyàu) वा॒मी¹ (vāmī́¹) |
वा॒म्यः॑ (vāmyàḥ) वा॒मीः¹ (vāmī́ḥ¹) |
| accusative | वा॒मीम् (vāmī́m) | वा॒म्यौ॑ (vāmyàu) वा॒मी¹ (vāmī́¹) |
वा॒मीः (vāmī́ḥ) |
| instrumental | वा॒म्या (vāmyā́) | वा॒मीभ्या॑म् (vāmī́bhyām) | वा॒मीभिः॑ (vāmī́bhiḥ) |
| dative | वा॒म्यै (vāmyái) | वा॒मीभ्या॑म् (vāmī́bhyām) | वा॒मीभ्यः॑ (vāmī́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वा॒म्याः (vāmyā́ḥ) वा॒म्यै² (vāmyái²) |
वा॒मीभ्या॑म् (vāmī́bhyām) | वा॒मीभ्यः॑ (vāmī́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वा॒म्याः (vāmyā́ḥ) वा॒म्यै² (vāmyái²) |
वा॒म्योः (vāmyóḥ) | वा॒मीना॑म् (vāmī́nām) |
| locative | वा॒म्याम् (vāmyā́m) | वा॒म्योः (vāmyóḥ) | वा॒मीषु॑ (vāmī́ṣu) |
| vocative | वामि॑ (vā́mi) | वाम्यौ॑ (vā́myau) वामी॑¹ (vā́mī¹) |
वाम्यः॑ (vā́myaḥ) वामीः॑¹ (vā́mīḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वा॒मम् (vāmám) | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒मानि॑ (vāmā́ni) वा॒मा¹ (vāmā́¹) |
| accusative | वा॒मम् (vāmám) | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒मानि॑ (vāmā́ni) वा॒मा¹ (vāmā́¹) |
| instrumental | वा॒मेन॑ (vāména) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मैः (vāmáiḥ) वा॒मेभिः॑¹ (vāmébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वा॒माय॑ (vāmā́ya) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मेभ्यः॑ (vāmébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वा॒मात् (vāmā́t) | वा॒माभ्या॑म् (vāmā́bhyām) | वा॒मेभ्यः॑ (vāmébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वा॒मस्य॑ (vāmásya) | वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒माना॑म् (vāmā́nām) |
| locative | वा॒मे (vāmé) | वा॒मयोः॑ (vāmáyoḥ) | वा॒मेषु॑ (vāméṣu) |
| vocative | वाम॑ (vā́ma) | वामे॑ (vā́me) | वामा॑नि (vā́māni) वामा॑¹ (vā́mā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
[edit]वाम • (vāma) stem, m
Noun
[edit]वाम • (vāma) stem, n
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वामम् (vāmam) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
| accusative | वामम् (vāmam) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
| instrumental | वामेन (vāmena) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामैः (vāmaiḥ) वामेभिः¹ (vāmebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वामाय (vāmāya) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वामात् (vāmāt) | वामाभ्याम् (vāmābhyām) | वामेभ्यः (vāmebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वामस्य (vāmasya) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामानाम् (vāmānām) |
| locative | वामे (vāme) | वामयोः (vāmayoḥ) | वामेषु (vāmeṣu) |
| vocative | वाम (vāma) | वामे (vāme) | वामानि (vāmāni) वामा¹ (vāmā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “vāmá- Adj. lieb”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 544
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “vāmáḥ”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][4] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 189
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “वाम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 941, column 2.
Categories:
- Old Gujarati terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati terms derived from Sanskrit
- Old Gujarati lemmas
- Old Gujarati adjectives
- Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit a-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with usage examples
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root वन्
- Sanskrit compound-final adjectives
- sa:Hinduism