修業

See also: 修业

Chinese

		to decorate; to embellish; to repair to decorate; to embellish; to repair; to build; to study; to write; to cultivate	business; occupation; study
trad. (修業/脩業)		修/脩	業
simp. (修业)		修	业

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiūyè

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ ㄧㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau¹ jip⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siu-gia̍p

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiūyè
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siouyè
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu¹-yeh⁴
    • Yale: syōu-yè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiouyeh
    • Palladius: сюе (sjuje)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 休業 / 休业 修業 / 修业

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sau¹ jip⁶
    • Yale: sāu yihp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau¹ jip⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo¹ yib⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯⁵⁵ jiːp̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-gia̍p
    • Tâi-lô: siu-gia̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siu'giap
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiap̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ ɡiap̚²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiap̚¹²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiap̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiap̚⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: sjuw ngjaep

Rime
Character	修	業
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息流切	魚怯切
Baxter	sjuw	ngjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨu/	/ŋɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/siu/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/siəu/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suw/	/ŋɨap̚/
Li Rong	/siu/	/ŋiap̚/
Wang Li	/sĭəu/	/ŋĭɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ə̯u/	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiū	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau1	jip6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-liw  [m-qʰ](r)[a]p/

  (Zhengzhang): /*slɯw  ŋab/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	修	業
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiū	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ sjuw ›	‹ ngjæp ›
Old Chinese	/*s-liw/	/*[m-qʰ](r)[a]p/
English	adorn	work (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	修	業
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15475	14819
Phonetic component	攸	業
Rime group	幽	盍
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	脩	業
Old Chinese	/*slɯw/	/*ŋab/

Verb

修業

1. (literary) to do great deeds; to accomplish great things and establish oneself; to make a name for oneself; to build one's career

   • 君子進德脩業，忠信所以進德也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     君子进德修业，忠信所以进德也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE

     Jūnzǐ jìndé xiūyè, zhōngxìn suǒyǐ jìndé yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (formal) to study at school

Synonyms

• (to do great deeds): 立業／立业 (lìyè)
• (to study at school): 求學／求学 (qiúxué), 肄業／肄业 (yìyè)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
修	業
しゅう Grade: 5	ぎょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Kanji in this term
修	業
しゅ Grade: 5	ぎょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅうぎょー [shùúgyóó] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) しゅぎょー [shùgyóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨːɡʲo̞ː]
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨɡʲo̞ː]

Noun

修(しゅう)業(ぎょう) or 修(しゅ)業(ぎょう) • (shūgyō or shugyō) 

1. training, study, practice

Verb

修(しゅう)業(ぎょう)する or 修(しゅ)業(ぎょう)する • (shūgyō suru or shugyō suru) suru (stem 修(しゅう)業(ぎょう)し (shūgyō shi), past 修(しゅう)業(ぎょう)した (shūgyō shita))

1. to train, to study, to practice

Conjugation

Conjugation of "修業する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	修業し	しゅうぎょうし	shūgyō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	修業し	しゅうぎょうし	shūgyō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	修業する	しゅうぎょうする	shūgyō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	修業する	しゅうぎょうする	shūgyō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	修業すれ	しゅうぎょうすれ	shūgyō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	修業せよ¹ 修業しろ²	しゅうぎょうせよ¹ しゅうぎょうしろ²	shūgyō seyo¹ shūgyō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	修業される	しゅうぎょうされる	shūgyō sareru
Causative	修業させる 修業さす	しゅうぎょうさせる しゅうぎょうさす	shūgyō saseru shūgyō sasu
Potential	修業できる	しゅうぎょうできる	shūgyō dekiru
Volitional	修業しよう	しゅうぎょうしよう	shūgyō shiyō
Negative	修業しない	しゅうぎょうしない	shūgyō shinai
Negative continuative	修業せず	しゅうぎょうせず	shūgyō sezu
Formal	修業します	しゅうぎょうします	shūgyō shimasu
Perfective	修業した	しゅうぎょうした	shūgyō shita
Conjunctive	修業して	しゅうぎょうして	shūgyō shite
Hypothetical conditional	修業すれば	しゅうぎょうすれば	shūgyō sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “修業”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
修	業

Verb

修業

1. chữ Hán form of tu nghiệp (“to perfect oneself in the profession; to receive training”)