堡

Translingual

Han character

堡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人木土 (ODG), four-corner 2610₄, composition ⿱保土)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5254
• Dae Jaweon: page 470, character 31
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 13
• Unihan data for U+5821

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Chinese

trad.		堡
simp. #		堡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (保) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
襃	*puː, *puː
保	*puːʔ
堡	*puːʔ
褓	*puːʔ
堢	*puːʔ
緥	*puːʔ
葆	*puːʔ
賲	*puːʔ
宲	*puːʔ
椺	*ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *puːʔ) : phonetic 保 (OC *puːʔ) + semantic 土.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎo (bao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pó

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎo
    • Wade–Giles: pao³
    • Yale: bǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bao
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bou²
    • Yale: bóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó
    • Tâi-lô: pó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poir
    • IPA (Xiamen): /po⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: pawX

Rime
Character	堡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	博抱切
Baxter	pawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/pɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/pɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pawX/
Li Rong	/pɑuX/
Wang Li	/pɑuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bou2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*puːʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	堡
Reading #	1/1
No.	319
Phonetic component	保
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	寶
Old Chinese	/*puːʔ/
Notes	同堢，古作保

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 堡

1. small camp; small mud fortification
2. fort; fortress
3. Short for 漢堡／汉堡 (hànbǎo, “hamburger”).

Usage notes

Often used in phono-semantic matchings to translate English -burgh, -burg, etc.

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǔ, bǎo (bu³, bao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˇ, ㄅㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǔ
    • Wade–Giles: pu³
    • Yale: bǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buu
    • Palladius: бу (bu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎo
    • Wade–Giles: pao³
    • Yale: bǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bao
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bou²
    • Yale: bóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 堡

1. (often in placenames) town or village with walls

   吳堡／吴堡  ―  Wúbǔ  ―  Wubu (county of Shaanxi)

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pù, bǎo (pu⁴, bao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˋ, ㄅㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pou³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pù
    • Wade–Giles: pʻu⁴
    • Yale: pù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: puh
    • Palladius: пу (pu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎo
    • Wade–Giles: pao³
    • Yale: bǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bao
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pou³
    • Yale: pou
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pou³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯³³/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 堡

1. Used in place names, as a variant of 鋪／铺／舖 (pù, “courier station”).

   • 烏魯木齊地窩堡國際機場 [MSC, trad.]
     乌鲁木齐地窝堡国际机场 [MSC, simp.]

     Wūlǔmùqí Dìwōpù Guójì Jīchǎng [Pinyin]

     Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport

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Japanese

Kanji

堡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ほ (ho)
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)
• Kun: とりで (toride)

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Korean

Hanja

堡 • (bo) (hangeul 보, revised bo, McCune–Reischauer po)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 堡 (bảo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.