恬

Translingual

Han character

恬 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心竹十口 (PHJR), four-corner 9206₄, composition ⿰忄舌)

Derived characters

• 湉, 𦳇

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10595
• Dae Jaweon: page 717, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2296, character 5
• Unihan data for U+606C

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Chinese

trad.		恬
simp. #		恬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
銛	*koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
栝	*koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
餂	*l̥ʰeːmʔ
恬	*l'eːm
湉	*l'eːm
甜	*l'iːm
狧	*l̥ʰaːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'eːm) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + abbreviated phonetic 甜 (OC *l'iːm).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tián (tian²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tim⁴ / tim⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tiâm
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tiâm / tiām

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tián
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tián
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien²
    • Yale: tyán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyan
    • Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tim⁴ / tim⁵
    • Yale: tìhm / tíhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tim⁴ / tim⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: tim⁴ / tim⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːm²¹/, /tʰiːm¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tiâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: diam´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: diam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ti̯am²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâm
    • Tâi-lô: tiâm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diaam
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiam¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /tiam²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiām
    • Tâi-lô: tiām
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diam
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiam³³/

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• Middle Chinese: dem

Rime
Character	恬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	徒兼切
Baxter	dem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dem/
Pan Wuyun	/dem/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛm/
Li Rong	/dem/
Wang Li	/diem/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱiem/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tim4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'eːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恬
Reading #	1/1
No.	12406
Phonetic component	甜
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	甜
Old Chinese	/*l'eːm/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 恬

1. (literary or Southern Min, Hakka) quiet; calm; tranquil; peaceful

Synonyms

(deprecated template usage)

• 和平 (hépíng)
• 嗼寂 (mòjì)
• 安恬 (āntián) (literary)
• 安生 (ānshēng)
• 安謐／安谧 (ānmì) (literary)
• 安靖 (ānjìng) (literary)
• 安靜／安静 (ānjìng)
• 寂寥 (jìliáo)
• 寂寞 (jìmò)
• 寂然 (jìrán) (literary)
• 寂靜／寂静 (jìjìng)
• 寧靜／宁静 (níngjìng)
• 平和
• 平靜／平静 (píngjìng)
• 幽靜／幽静 (yōujìng)
• 恬倓 (tiántán)
• 恬淡 (tiándàn)
• 恬謐／恬谧 (tiánmì) (literary)
• 恬靜／恬静 (tiánjìng)
• 悄悄 (qiāoqiāo)
• 沉寂 (chénjì)
• 沉靜／沉静 (chénjìng)
• 清淨／清净 (qīngjìng)
• 清靜／清静 (qīngjìng)
• 自靜／自静 (zi³ jing²) (Jin)
• 靜寂／静寂 (jìngjì)
• 靜寂寂／静寂寂 (Hokkien)
• 靜悄悄／静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)
• 靜生生／静生生 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

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Japanese

Kanji

恬

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. nonchalant

Readings

• Go-on: でん (den)^{←でん (den, historical)←でむ (demu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: てん (ten)^{←てん (ten, historical)←てむ (temu, ancient)}
• Kun: やすい (yasui, 恬い); やすらか (yasuraka, 恬らか)

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Korean

Hanja

恬 • (nyeom>yeom) (hangeul 념>염, revised nyeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer nyŏm>yŏm, Yale nyem>yem)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 恬 (điềm, đềm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.