惇

惇 U+60C7, 惇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60C7 ← 惆 [U+60C6] CJK Unified Ideographs 惈 → [U+60C8]

惇 U+2F8A5, 惇 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8A5 ← 𢛔 [U+2F8A4] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 慈 → [U+2F8A6]

Translingual

Han character

惇 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 心卜口木 (PYRD), four-corner 9004₇, composition ⿰忄享)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 390, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10759
• Dae Jaweon: page 724, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2318, character 4
• Unihan data for U+60C7

• Unihan data for U+2F8A5

Chinese

simp. and trad.		惇

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
弴	*tjuː, *tuːn
敦	*tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns
錞	*duːlʔ, *duːls, *djun
憝	*duːls
憞	*duːls
譈	*duːls
鐓	*duːls
鷻	*doːn
鶉	*doːn, *djun
惇	*tuːn, *tjun
墩	*tuːn
驐	*tuːn
燉	*tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn
焞	*tʰuːn, *djun
啍	*tʰuːn, *duːn
暾	*tʰuːn
噋	*tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ
諄	*tjun, *tjuns
埻	*tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
稕	*tjuns
醇	*djun
淳	*djun
犉	*njun

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dūn (dun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): deon¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dong¹ / duong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dun
    • Wade–Giles: tun¹
    • Yale: dwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duen
    • Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: deon¹
    • Yale: dēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵn⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: dong¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: deong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: duong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsywin, twon

Rime
Character	惇	惇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	章倫切	都昆切
Baxter	tsywin	twon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiuɪn/	/tuən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʷin/	/tuon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjuen/	/tuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cwin/	/twən/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuĕn/	/tuən/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuĕn/	/tuən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uĕn/	/tuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhūn	dūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeon1	deon1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuːn/, /*tjun/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	惇	惇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	2598	2612
Phonetic component	敦	敦
Rime group	文	文
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	敦	諄
Old Chinese	/*tuːn/	/*tjun/

Definitions

惇

1. (literary) sincere; honest
2. (literary) to advise; to encourage
3. (literary) to value; to emphasize

Compounds

• 惇大
• 惇惇
• 惇敘 / 惇叙
• 惇睦
• 惇篤 / 惇笃 (dūndǔ)
• 惇誨 / 惇诲

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “惇”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 57.

Japanese

Kanji

惇

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. sincere, pure, warm

   Synonyms: 淳, 醇

Readings

• Go-on: しゅん (shun)、とん (ton)
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun)、とん (ton)
• Kan’yō-on: じゅん (jun)
• Kun: あつい (atsui, 惇い)、まこと (makoto, 惇)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
惇
あつし Jinmeiyō
nanori

Kanji in this term
惇
じゅん Jinmeiyō
kan'yōon

Kanji in this term
惇
つとむ Jinmeiyō
nanori

• (Tokyo) あつし [áꜜtsùshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [a̠t͡sɨɕi]

• (Tokyo) じゅん [júꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨ̃ɴ]

• (Tokyo) つとむ [tsùtómú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨto̞mɯ̟]

Proper noun

惇(あつし) or 惇(じゅん) or 惇(つとむ) • (Atsushi or Jun or Tsutomu) 

1. a male given name

References

• “^▲惇”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

惇 (eum 돈 (don))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

惇: Hán Nôm readings: đôn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.