敝

敝	U+655D, 敝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-655D

Translingual

Han character

敝 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 火月人大 (FBOK), four-corner 9824₀, composition ⿰㡀攵)

Derived terms

徶, 撇, 潎, 獙, 襒, 䠥, 䥕(𬭯), 蔽
嫳, 幣, 弊, 彆, 憋, 撆, 暼, 獘, 瞥, 䌘, 蟞, 斃, 蹩, 鄨, 鐅, 䨆, 鱉(鳖), 鷩(𫜁), 鼈, 龞(𱍈)

Additional Derived Characters

𠍯, 𰈡, 𡡹, 𢠳, 𣊶, 𣘮, 𤏰, 𥋗, 𥢭, 𦒐, 𧒀, 𩡡, 𥳆, 𤺓
𠟈, 𠢪, 𡐞, 𡚁, 𱎏, 𣁢, 𭬅, 𣰉, 𤎨, 𦠞, 𠒳, 𤮕, 𦗥, 𧝬, 𣱔, 𧢍(𬢓), 𧸁, 𮦮, 𩦉, 𱌇, 𣀽

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13245
Dae Jaweon: page 824, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1461, character 4
Unihan data for U+655D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		敝
alternative forms		㡀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敝
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (敝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蔽	*peds
鄨	peds, ped
鷩	peds, ped
彆	peds, peːd
潎	pʰeds, pʰed
斃	beds, bed
敝	beds, bed
幣	*beds
弊	*beds
鱉	*ped
虌	*ped
憋	ped, pʰed, *peːd
瞥	pʰed, pʰeːd
鐅	pʰed, pʰeːd
嫳	bed, pʰeːd
撇	*pʰeːd
撆	*pʰeːd
暼	*pʰeːd
蹩	*beːd
襒	*beːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 巾 (“cloth”) + 攴 (“hand holding a wooden stick”) – a hand hitting a piece of cloth with a stick.

Sometimes dots were added around the cloth, producing 㡀 as seen in the modern form. The dots could represent dust or dirt, in which case the character means to beat a cloth with a stick to clean it from dust. Alternatively, the dots could represent broken pieces of cloth, suggesting the meaning of “worn out, tattered,” but evidence of this sense does not appear until the seal script.

Unrelated to 黹.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bì (bi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bai⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pē / pè

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bì
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bì
  - Wade–Giles: pi⁴
  - Yale: bì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
  - Palladius: би (bi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: bai⁶
  - Yale: baih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: bei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pē
  - Tâi-lô: pē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pe
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pe²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /pe⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pè
  - Tâi-lô: pè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pex
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pe¹¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pe²¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 敝
Mandarin	Beijing	/pi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/pi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/pi⁵³/
	Jinan	/pi²¹/
	Qingdao	/pi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/pi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/pji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/pi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/pi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/pi¹³/
	Guiyang	/pi⁴²/
	Kunming	/pi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/pi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/pz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/pi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/bi²³/
	Suzhou	/bi³¹/
	Hangzhou	/bi¹³/
	Wenzhou	/bei²²/
Hui	Shexian	/pi³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/pei⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/pəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰi²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/pi⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/pi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɐi²²/
	Nanning	/pi²²/
	Hong Kong	/pɐi²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pe²²/ /pe²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pɛi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pi³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔbi³³/

Middle Chinese: bjiejH

Rime
Character	敝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	毗祭切
Baxter	bjiejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/biᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/biɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/bjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biaj^H/
Li Rong	/biɛi^H/
Wang Li	/bĭɛi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]e[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*beds/, /*bed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bì
Middle Chinese	‹ bjiej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]e[t]-s/
English	destroy; worn out
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敝	敝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	633	645
Phonetic component	敝	敝
Rime group	祭	月
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	獘	獘
Old Chinese	/*beds/	/*bed/

Definitions

敝

(polite) my; our
- 歡迎來到敝校／欢迎来到敝校 ― huānyíng láidào bì xiào ― Welcome to our school.
(literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered
(literary) decayed; corrupted
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tired; fatigued
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to fail; to be defeated
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to break; to destroy
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”)
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”)

Compounds

References

“敝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

敝

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: べ (be)
Kan-on: へい (hei)
Kun: やぶれる (yabureru)

Korean

Hanja

敝 (eum 폐 (pye))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敝: Hán Nôm readings: tệ

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