橐

橐 U+6A50, 橐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A50 ← 橏 [U+6A4F] CJK Unified Ideographs 橑 → [U+6A51]

Translingual

Han character

橐 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 十月一口木 (JBMRD), four-corner 4090₄, composition ⿳𰀉冖䂞)

Derived characters

• 𢸨, 𣟄, 𧔬, 𩟰, 𩧐(𬴎), 𥩀, 𮕛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 553, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15533
• Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1289, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6A50

Chinese

trad.		橐
simp. #		橐
alternative forms		𢄿 槖 𢅍 𡇈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 橐
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Qin slip script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (石) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
柘	*tjaɡs
妬	*taːɡs
蠹	*taːɡs
沰	*taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ
拓	*tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ
橐	*tʰaːɡ
袥	*tʰaːɡ
驝	*tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ
斫	*tjaɡ
磭	*ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
磔	*rtaːɡ
跖	*tjaɡ
石	*djaɡ
碩	*djaɡ
祏	*djaɡ
鉐	*djaɡ
鼫	*djaɡ

In oracle bone script, pictogram (象形) of a bag with a bottom. Compare with 𣒚, 束, 東, 囊.
Now Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːɡ) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 𣒚 (“bag with a bottom”).

Etymology

Note: This character is used as a substitute for Min Nan lok/lop/lak, which may be etymologically unrelated.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tuó (tuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tok³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lok / lop / lak

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
    • Wade–Giles: tʻo²
    • Yale: twó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
    • Palladius: то (to)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tok³
    • Yale: tok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: tog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːk̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lok / lop / lak
    • Tâi-lô: lok / lop / lak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: log, lob, lag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚⁵/, /lɔp̚⁵/, /lak̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: thak

Rime
Character	橐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他各切
Baxter	thak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰak̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑk̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰˤak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	橐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tuó
Middle Chinese	‹ thak ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰˁak/
English	sack; bellows
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	橐
Reading #	1/1
No.	11459
Phonetic component	石
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	託
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːɡ/

Definitions

橐

1. bag

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luò (luo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luò
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luò
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴
    • Yale: lwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
    • Palladius: ло (lo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Definitions

橐

1. camel

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dù (du⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dù
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dù
    • Wade–Giles: tu⁴
    • Yale: dù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duh
    • Palladius: ду (du)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu⁵¹/

Definitions

橐

1. ^‡ A place name.

Compounds

• 出橐
• 囊橐
• 囊橐豐盈／囊橐丰盈
• 垂橐
• 持橐簪筆／持橐簪笔
• 槃橐城
• 橐橐
• 橐筆／橐笔
• 橐籥
• 橐駝／橐驼 (tuótuó)
• 繯橐／缳橐

 

Japanese

Kanji

橐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. sack
2. bag opening at both ends

Readings

• On (unclassified): たく (taku); しゃ (sha)
• Kun: ふくろ (fukuro); ふいご (fuigo)

Korean

Hanja

橐 (eum 탁 (tak))

1. a sack
2. a bag opening at both ends

Vietnamese

Han character

橐: Hán Nôm readings: thác

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation