泰

See also: 奉, 奏, and 秦

Translingual

Han character

泰 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手大水 (QKE), four-corner 5013₂, composition ⿱𡗗氺)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 618, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17325
• Dae Jaweon: page 1013, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1577, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6CF0

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Chinese

trad.		泰
simp. #		泰
alternative forms		太 second round simplified 冭‎

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泰
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːds) : semantic 廾 + semantic 水 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds).

Etymology

Same word as 太 (OC *tʰaːds, “great; greatest; excessive”); both are derived from 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tài (tai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taai³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thai

  (Meixian, Guangdong): tai⁴

• Northern Min (KCR): tuo̿i
• Eastern Min (BUC): tái
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thòa / thài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tai³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵tha

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tài
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tài
    • Wade–Giles: tʻai⁴
    • Yale: tài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tay
    • Palladius: тай (taj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: taai³
    • Yale: taai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: tai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tuo̿i
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuɛ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑi²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòa / thài
    • Tâi-lô: thuà / thài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: toax, taix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰua⁴¹/, /tʰai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰua¹¹/, /tʰai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/

Note:

• thoà - vernacular;
• thài - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: tai³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thài
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵tha
    • MiniDict: tha^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tha
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰa³⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 泰
Mandarin	Beijing	/tʰai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/tʰai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/tʰai⁵³/
	Jinan	/tʰɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʰɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tʰai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/tʰai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/tʰɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/tʰɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/tʰɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tʰai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/tʰai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/tʰai¹³/
	Guiyang	/tʰai²¹³/
	Kunming	/tʰæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/tʰae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/tʰe̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tʰai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/tʰæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/tʰɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/tʰa³⁵/
	Suzhou	/tʰɑ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/tʰe̞⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/tʰa⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰa³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/tʰa⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/tʰai⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/tʰai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰai²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰai⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/tʰɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tʰai³³/
	Nanning	/tʰai³³/
	Hong Kong	/tʰai³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tʰai²¹/ /tʰua²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tʰɑi²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰuɛ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰai²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hai³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: thajH

Rime
Character	泰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他蓋切
Baxter	thajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰajH/
Li Rong	/tʰɑiH/
Wang Li	/tʰɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泰
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tài
Middle Chinese	‹ thajH ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁa[t]-s/
English	great
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泰
Reading #	1/1
No.	12313
Phonetic component	泰
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	泰
Old Chinese	/*tʰaːds/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 泰

1. big; large
2. great; extensive
3. extreme; greatest
4. exalted; honourable; superior
5. good; excellent
6. safe; peaceful; stable
7. excessively; overly
8. 11th hexagram of the I Ching
9. Short for 泰國／泰国 (Tàiguó, “Thailand”).
10. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

泰

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. peaceful, calm
2. Thailand

Readings

• On (unclassified): たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kun: やすい (yasui, 泰い); おおきい (ōkii); おごる (ogoru, 泰る)

Proper noun

泰(やすし) • (Yasushi) 

1. a male given name

泰(たい) or 泰(タイ) • (Tai) 

1. Thailand

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Korean

Hanja

泰 • (tae) (hangeul 태)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 泰拳
• 泰然
• 泰山
• 泰國

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 泰 (Thái)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.