灸

灸 U+7078, 灸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7078 ← 灷 [U+7077] CJK Unified Ideographs 灹 → [U+7079]

Translingual

Han character

灸 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 弓人火 (NOF), four-corner 2780₉, composition ⿱久火)

Derived characters

• 𮏅

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 666, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18872
• Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2190, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7078

Chinese

trad.		灸
simp. #		灸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (久) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
畂	*ɡʷ·rɯs
久	*kʷlɯʔ
灸	*kʷlɯʔ, *kʷlɯs
玖	*kʷlɯʔ
疚	*kʷlɯs
柩	*ɡʷlɯs
羑	*ɡʷ·lɯʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǔ (jiu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gau³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiu
• Min Dong (BUC): géu
• Min Nan (Hokkien, POJ): kù / kiù

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiǒu
    • Wade–Giles: chiu³
    • Yale: jyǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeou
    • Palladius: цзю (czju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gau³
    • Yale: gau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: geo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiu
    • Hakka Romanization System: giu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯u⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: géu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɛu²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kù / kiù
    • Tâi-lô: kù / kiù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kux, kiux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ku²¹/, /kiu²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ku⁴¹/, /kiu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ku²¹/, /kiu²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ku¹¹/, /kiu¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ku²¹/, /kiu²¹/

Note:

• kù - vernacular;
• kiù - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: kjuwX, kjuwH

Rime
Character	灸	灸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	舉有切	居祐切
Baxter	kjuwX	kjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuX/	/kɨuH/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuX/	/kiuH/
Shao Rongfen	/kiəuX/	/kiəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwX/	/kuwH/
Li Rong	/kiuX/	/kiuH/
Wang Li	/kĭəuX/	/kĭəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ə̯uX/	/ki̯ə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǔ	jiù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gau2	gau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷlɯʔ/, /*kʷlɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	灸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷəʔ/
English	cauterize by burning tinder
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	灸	灸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	6970	6972
Phonetic component	久	久
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	久	救
Old Chinese	/*kʷlɯʔ/	/*kʷlɯs/

Definitions

灸

1. cauterize with moxa or mugwort
2. moxibustion

Compounds

• 灸刺
• 灸法
• 無病自灸／无病自灸
• 直接灸
• 砭灸
• 蠻針瞎灸／蛮针瞎灸 (mánzhēnxiājiǔ)
• 針灸／针灸
• 針灸銅人／针灸铜人 (zhēnjiǔ tóng rén)
• 針灸麻醉／针灸麻醉
• 鍼灸／针灸
• 鍼灸銅人／针灸铜人
• 間接灸／间接灸

 

Japanese

Kanji

灸

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)^{←きう (kiu, historical)}
• Kun: やいと (yaito, 灸)^{←やいと (yaito, 灸, historical)}

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
灸
きゅう Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 灸 (MC kjuwX|kjuwH).

Noun

灸(きゅう) • (kyū) ^{←きう (kiu)?}

1. moxibustion

Synonyms

• 灸治(きゅうじ) (kyūji)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
灸
やいと Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From 焼き (yaki, “scorching”, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 焼(や)く (yaku).) + 処 (to, “place”).

Noun

灸(やいと) • (yaito) ^{←やいと (yaito)?}

1. Same as above.

Korean

Hanja

灸 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

1. (뜸) moxibustion

Compounds

• 鍼灸 (침구, chimgu): acupuncture and moxibustion

See also

• 艾 (애, ae): moxa, mugwort
• 鍼 (침, chim): acupuncture

Vietnamese

Han character

灸: Hán Nôm readings: cứu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.