畏懼

See also: 畏惧

Chinese

		to fear	to fear
trad. (畏懼)		畏	懼
simp. (畏惧)		畏	惧

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wèijù

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wai³ geoi⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ùi-kū / ùi-khū / ùiⁿ-kī

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wèijù
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wèijyù
    • Wade–Giles: wei⁴-chü⁴
    • Yale: wèi-jyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weyjiuh
    • Palladius: вэйцзюй (vɛjczjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wai³ geoi⁶
    • Yale: wai geuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wai³ goey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wei³ gêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯³³ kɵy̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ùi-kū
    • Tâi-lô: uì-kū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uie'ku
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ku⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ui²¹⁻⁵³ ku²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ùi-khū
    • Tâi-lô: uì-khū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uie'qu
    • IPA (Taipei): /ui¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰu³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰu³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ùiⁿ-kī
    • Tâi-lô: uìnn-kī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: vuie'ki
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uĩ²¹⁻⁵³ ki²²/

Verb

畏懼

1. to be afraid; to fear; to dread

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	害怕, 怕
	Taiwan	害怕, 怕
	Harbin	害怕, 發毛
	Malaysia	怕
	Singapore	怕, 害怕
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	害怕, 怕, 打怵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	害怕, 怵
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	害怕, 怕
	Wanrong	驚
	Xi'an	害怕, 怕, 怯火
	Xuzhou	嫌怕, 打怵
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	害怕, 嚇
	Lanzhou	害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁
	Ürümqi	害怕
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	害怕, 怕, 虛火, 虛
	Wuhan	嚇不過, 怕
	Guiyang	害怕, 怕
	Kunming	害怕
	Guilin	怕
	Liuzhou	慌
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	嚇怕, 怕
	Yangzhou	害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎
	Hefei	怕
Cantonese	Guangzhou	驚, 怕, 慌, 窒
	Hong Kong	驚, 怕, 慌
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	狂
	Macau	驚
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	驚
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	慌
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	驚
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	好怕
	Foshan	驚, 窒
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	慌, 怕
	Foshan (Shunde)	慌
	Foshan (Sanshui)	慌
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	慌
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	驚
	Zhongshan (Huancheng)	驚
	Zhongshan (Nanlang)	驚
	Zhongshan (Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Henglan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Dongfeng)	慌
	Zhongshan (Nantou)	慌
	Zhongshan (Fusha)	慌
	Zhongshan (Shalang)	慌
	Zhongshan (Gangkou)	慌
	Zhongshan (Huangpu)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Sanjiao)	狂, 驚
	Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Minzhong)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Guzhen)	𢗉
	Zhongshan (Banfu)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Tanzhou)	慌, 驚
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	驚
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	驚
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	驚
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	驚
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	驚
	Taishan	𢗉
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𢗉
	Enping (Niujiang)	𢗉
	Heshan (Yayao)	慌
	Dongguan	狂
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	驚
	Shaoguan	驚, 窒
	Yunfu	怕, 驚
	Yangjiang	𢗉
	Xinyi	狂
	Lianjiang	驚
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	驚, 怕
	Singapore (Guangfu)	驚, 怕
Gan	Nanchang	怕
	Lichuan	怕
Hakka	Meixian	驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	狂
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	狂
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	好狂
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	驚
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	怕, 驚, 畏
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	驚
	Wengyuan	驚
	Liannan	驚
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	狂
	Jiexi	驚
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	驚
	Changting	怕
	Wuping	怕
	Wuping (Yanqian)	怕
	Liancheng	嚇
	Ninghua	怕
	Ningdu	怕
	Tonggu (Sandu)	怕
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	怕
	Dayu	怕
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	驚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	驚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	驚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	驚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	驚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	驚
	Hong Kong	狂, 驚
	Mengshan (Xihe)	怕
	Luchuan	狂
	Sabah (Longchuan)	狂
	Senai (Huiyang)	狂
	Singkawang	驚
Huizhou	Jixi	怕, 嚇
Jin	Taiyuan	害怕, 怕
	Xinzhou	著怕, 怕
Northern Min	Jian'ou	驚, 怕, 怯, 畏
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	驚
	Songxi	驚
	Zhenghe	驚
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	驚
	Jianyang	驚
	Jianyang (Huangkeng)	畏
	Wuyishan	嚇
	Pucheng (Shibei)	嚇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	驚
	Fuzhou (Changle)	驚
	Lianjiang	驚
	Fuqing	驚
	Pingtan	驚
	Yongtai	驚
	Minqing	驚
	Gutian	驚
	Pingnan	驚
	Luoyuan	驚
	Fu'an	驚
	Ningde	驚
	Xiapu	驚
	Zherong	驚
	Shouning	驚
	Zhouning	驚
	Fuding	驚
	Singapore (Fuqing)	驚
Southern Min	Xiamen	驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	驚
	Quanzhou	驚, 著驚, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
	Jinjiang	驚
	Nan'an	驚
	Shishi	驚
	Hui'an	驚
	Anxi	驚
	Yongchun	驚
	Dehua	驚
	Zhangzhou	驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 會攝, 掣
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	驚
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	驚
	Hua'an	驚
	Nanjing	驚
	Pinghe	驚
	Zhangpu	驚
	Yunxiao	驚
	Zhao'an	驚
	Dongshan	驚
	Kaohsiung	驚
	Yilan	驚
	Changhua (Lukang)	驚
	Taichung	驚
	Taichung (Wuqi)	驚惶
	Tainan	驚
	Taitung	驚
	Hsinchu	驚
	Kinmen	驚
	Penghu (Magong)	驚
	Penang (Hokkien)	驚
	Singapore (Hokkien)	驚
	Manila (Hokkien)	驚
	Longyan	嚇
	Zhangping	驚
	Datian	驚
	Chaozhou	驚, 畏
	Raoping	驚
	Shantou	驚
	Jieyang	驚, 畏
	Haifeng	驚
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	驚
	Singapore (Teochew)	驚
	Leizhou	驚
	Wenchang	驚
	Haikou	驚
	Qionghai	驚
	Singapore (Hainanese)	驚
Puxian Min	Putian	驚
	Xianyou	驚
Central Min	Yong'an	驚
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	驚
	Sanming (Shaxian)	驚
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	驚
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	狂, 怕
Wu	Shanghai	怕, 嚇
	Shanghai (Chongming)	嚇
	Suzhou	怕, 嚇
	Danyang	怕
	Hangzhou	怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛
	Ningbo	怕, 嚇
	Wenzhou	怕, 嚇
	Jinhua	光
Xiang	Changsha	怕, 畏怯
	Loudi	怕
	Shuangfeng	怕

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
畏	懼
い Grade: S	く Hyōgai
on'yomi

Noun

畏(い)懼(く) • (iku) ^{←ゐく (wiku)?}

1. (literary) awe

Verb

畏(い)懼(く)する • (iku suru) ^{←ゐく (wiku)?}suru (stem 畏(い)懼(く)し (iku shi), past 畏(い)懼(く)した (iku shita))

1. (literary) to fear; to be struck with awe

Conjugation

Conjugation of "畏懼する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	畏懼し	いくし	iku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	畏懼し	いくし	iku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	畏懼する	いくする	iku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	畏懼する	いくする	iku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	畏懼すれ	いくすれ	iku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	畏懼せよ¹ 畏懼しろ²	いくせよ¹ いくしろ²	iku seyo¹ iku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	畏懼される	いくされる	iku sareru
Causative	畏懼させる 畏懼さす	いくさせる いくさす	iku saseru iku sasu
Potential	畏懼できる	いくできる	iku dekiru
Volitional	畏懼しよう	いくしよう	iku shiyō
Negative	畏懼しない	いくしない	iku shinai
Negative continuative	畏懼せず	いくせず	iku sezu
Formal	畏懼します	いくします	iku shimasu
Perfective	畏懼した	いくした	iku shita
Conjunctive	畏懼して	いくして	iku shite
Hypothetical conditional	畏懼すれば	いくすれば	iku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative