矯

See also: 矫

Translingual

Han character

矯 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人大竹大月 (OKHKB), four-corner 8242₇, composition ⿰矢喬)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 825, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24015
• Dae Jaweon: page 1238, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2586, character 13
• Unihan data for U+77EF

---

Chinese

trad.		矯
simp.		矫

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 矯
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (喬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
驕	*krew
嬌	*krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
憍	*krew, *kʰrew
穚	*krew
鷮	*krew, *ɡrew
蕎	*krew, *ɡrew
喬	*krew, *ɡrew
簥	*krew
撟	*krew, *krewʔ
矯	*krewʔ
鱎	*krewʔ
敽	*krewʔ
蟜	*krewʔ, *ɡrew
譑	*krewʔ, *kʰews
蹻	*krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
繑	*kʰew
鞽	*kʰrew
趫	*kʰrew, *ɡrew
嘺	*ɡew
橋	*ɡrew
僑	*ɡrew
鐈	*ɡrew
毊	*ɡrew, *qʰrew
轎	*ɡrew, *ɡrews
嶠	*ɡrews
獢	*qʰrew
屩	*kewɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krewʔ) : semantic 矢 (“arrow”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiǎo (jiao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): giu² / kiu²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiáu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎo
    • Wade–Giles: chiao³
    • Yale: jyǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeau
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: giu² / kiu²
    • Yale: gíu / kíu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: giu² / kiu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: giu² / kiu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːu̯³⁵/, /kʰiːu̯³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiáu
    • Tâi-lô: kiáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiao
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiau⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiau⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiau⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjewX

Rime
Character	矯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	宵 (92)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居夭切
Baxter	kjewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiᴇuX/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiɛuX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiæuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiawX/
Li Rong	/kjɛuX/
Wang Li	/kĭɛuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ɛuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	giu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k](r)[a]wʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krewʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	矯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ kjewX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k](r)[a]wʔ/
English	falsify
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	矯
Reading #	1/1
No.	10335
Phonetic component	喬
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	矯
Old Chinese	/*krewʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 矯

1. to correct; to rectify; to straighten out
2. to be pretentious
3. strong; powerful
4. a surname

References

• “矯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

---

Japanese

Kanji

矯

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. rectify
2. straighten
3. correct
4. reform
5. cure
6. control
7. pretend
8. falsify

Readings

• On (unclassified): きょう (kyō, Jōyō)
• Kun: ためる (tameru, 矯める, Jōyō); いつわる (itsuwaru, 矯る)

---

Korean

Hanja

矯 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 矯 (kiểu, kẻo, kẽo, khéo, kéo, kĩu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.