表す

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
あらわ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Derived as the verb form of adjective (arawa, naked, bare; open, revealed), as a compound of (arawa) +‎ (-su, causativizing suffix; root of modern する (suru, to do; to make something do)), with an original meaning of “to make something open and public, to make something apparent”.[1]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "表す"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
表す らわ [àráwáꜜsù]
Imperative (命令形) 表せ らわ [àráwáꜜsè]
Key constructions
Passive 表される らわされ [àráwásáréꜜrù]
Causative 表させる らわさせ [àráwásáséꜜrù]
Potential 表せる らわせ [àráwáséꜜrù]
Volitional 表そう らわそ [àráwásóꜜò]
Negative 表さない らわさない [àráwásáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 表さなかった らわさなかった [àráwásáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 表します らわしま [àráwáshímáꜜsù]
Perfective 表した らわした [àráwáꜜshìtà]
Conjunctive 表して らわして [àráwáꜜshìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 表せば らわせば [àráwáꜜsèbà]

Verb

Japanese verb pair
active (あらわ) ((あらわ))
mediopassive (あらわ)れる ((あらわ)れる)

(あらわ) (arawasuあらはす (arafasu)?transitive godan (stem (あらわ) (arawashi), past (あらわ)した (arawashita))

  1. to show, to make apparent
  2. to express, to put into words
  3. to signify, to represent, to symbolize, to stand for
Usage notes

This verb can be spelled many different ways. The spellings with the kana might be preferred for avoiding ambiguous readings. In general, which kanji to use depends on which sense one wishes to emphasize:[2]

Conjugation
See also

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
ひょう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese (MC pjiewX), as a compound of (hyō) +‎ (-su, causativizing / transitivizing suffix; root of modern する (suru), “to do; to make something do”).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

(ひょう) (hyōsuへうす (feusu)?transitive godan (stem (ひょう) (hyōshi), past (ひょう)した (hyōshita))

  1. to express, to say in words, to put into words
Usage notes

This is an archaic form. The modern form is (ひょう)する (hyōsuru).

Conjugation

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN