貧

See also: 贫

Translingual

Han character

貧 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 8080₆, composition ⿱分貝)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
• Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8CA7

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Chinese

trad.		貧
simp.		贫

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 貧
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (分) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
扮	*prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ
盼	*pʰrɯːns
頒	*praːn, *bɯn
朌	*praːn, *bɯn
鳻	*praːn, *bɯn
份	*prɯn, *bɯns
汃	*pʰreːd, *prɯn
玢	*prɯn
邠	*prɯn
攽	*prɯn
砏	*prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn
貧	*brɯn
湓	*pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns
盆	*bɯːn
葐	*bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn
坌	*bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
坋	*bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
分	*pɯn, *bɯns
吩	*pɯn
粉	*pɯnʔ
黺	*pɯnʔ
芬	*pʰɯn
紛	*pʰɯn
衯	*pʰɯn
棻	*pʰɯn, *bɯn
氛	*pʰɯn, *bɯn
雰	*pʰɯn
忿	*pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ
魵	*pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
汾	*bɯn
羒	*bɯn
枌	*bɯn
棼	*bɯn
妢	*bɯn
梤	*bɯn
馚	*bɯn
鼢	*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
蚡	*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
弅	*bɯnʔ
秎	*bɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯn) : phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns) + semantic 貝.

It may look like an ideographic compound, to divide (分) one's money 貝, but 分 is only phonetic.

Etymology

Cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, “poor”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pín (pin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn
• Northern Min (KCR): běng
• Eastern Min (BUC): bìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pîn / pân / pûn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ping⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶bin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pín
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pín
    • Wade–Giles: pʻin²
    • Yale: pín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyn
    • Palladius: пинь (pinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰin³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pan⁴
    • Yale: pàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: pinˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pin²
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peiŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /piŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn
    • Tâi-lô: pîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piin
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Yilan, Kinmen): /pin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pân
    • Tâi-lô: pân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: paan
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang, Yilan): /pan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pan²³/
  • (Hokkien: Tainan, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pûn
    • Tâi-lô: pûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: puun
    • IPA (Tainan): /pun²⁴/

Note:

• Quanzhou:
  • pîn - literary;
  • pân - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ping⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phîng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶bin
    • MiniDict: bin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³bin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bin²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 貧
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰin³⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰin²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰin⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/pʰiẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/pʰiə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰin⁴²/
	Xi'an	/pʰiẽ²⁴/
	Xining	/pʰiə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰiŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/pʰĩn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/pʰiŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pʰin²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰin³¹/
	Guiyang	/pʰin²¹/
	Kunming	/pʰĩ³¹/
	Nanjing	/pʰin²⁴/
	Hefei	/pʰin⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/biŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/bin¹³/
	Hangzhou	/bin²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/beŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/pʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/pin¹³/
	Xiangtan	/bin¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰin⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰin¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/pʰin¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pʰɐn²¹/
	Nanning	/pʰɐn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/pʰɐn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pin³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/piŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/peiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pʰiŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/fin³¹/ /kiaŋ³¹/ 訓窮

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• Middle Chinese: bin

Rime
Character	貧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符巾切
Baxter	bin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚin/
Shao Rongfen	/bien/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bjin/
Li Rong	/bjĕn/
Wang Li	/bǐĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]rə[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*brɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	貧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pín
Middle Chinese	‹ bin ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]rə[n]/
English	poor
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	貧
Reading #	1/1
No.	3140
Phonetic component	分
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	貧
Old Chinese	/*brɯn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 貧

1. poor; impoverished; destitute
2. inadequate; insufficient; lacking
3. garrulous; talkative

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Japanese

Kanji

貧

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. poverty

Readings

• Go-on: びん (bin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ひん (hin, Jōyō)
• Kun: まずしい (mazushii, 貧しい, Jōyō)

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Korean

Hanja

貧 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.