鱷

See also: 鳄

Translingual

Han character

鱷 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+16, 27 strokes, cangjie input 弓火一土口 (NFMGR), four-corner 2632₇, composition ⿰魚噩)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1480, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46597
• Dae Jaweon: page 2012, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4720, character 10
• Unihan data for U+9C77

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Chinese

trad.		鱷/鰐
simp.		鳄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斥	*ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	*sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːɡ) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ).

Etymology

Within Chinese, Carr (1990) relates it to:

• 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “to beat the drum”), either because drumming was associated with dragons or because some drums were made of crocodilian skins (Schuessler, 2007).
• Words for “fear”, e.g. 愕 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “startled; terrified”), 噩 (OC *ŋaːɡ, “frightening; startling”).

Outside of Chinese, Carr (1990) also relates it to:

• Proto-Tai *ŋwak (“mythical water creature”) (reconstruction from Chamberlain, 1977), which Pittayaporn (2009), reconstructing the root as *ŋɯəkᴰ (“crocodile”), holds to be a loan from Chinese.
• Proto-Austro-Tai *(m)baŋiwak (“shark; crocodile”), posited by Paul K. Benedict and proposed by him to give rise to the Tai word, as well as Japanese 鰐(わに) (wani, “crocodilian; shark”), 魚(うお) (uo, “fish”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): è (e⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngok⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngok²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngo̍k
• Northern Min (KCR): ngŏ̤
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngáuk / ngăuk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k / kho̍k / ngo̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngag⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ngoq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngo⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngok⁶
    • Yale: ngohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ngok²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡɔk̚⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngo̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngog
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋok̚⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngŏ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngáuk / ngăuk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɑuʔ²⁴/, /ŋouʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
    • Tâi-lô: go̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: kho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰɔk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngo̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ngo̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngok
    • IPA (Singapore): /ŋɔk̚⁴³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nga̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋak̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵ngoq
    • MiniDict: 'ngoh^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²'ngoq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋoʔ³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ngo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: ngak

Rime
Character	鱷
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Baxter	ngak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鱷
Reading #	1/1
No.	9459
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/
Notes	鰐或體

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鱷

1. crocodilian; crocodile; alligator

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鱷魚 (“crocodile; alligator”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		鱷, 忽雷, 骨雷
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鱷
Taxonomic name		鱷
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	鱷魚
	Singapore	鱷魚
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鱷魚
	Hong Kong	鱷魚
	Taishan	鱷魚
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鱷魚
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鱷魚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鱷魚
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	鱷魚
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	鱷魚
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	鱷魚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鱷魚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鱷魚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鱷魚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鱷魚
	Senai (Huiyang)	鱷魚
Southern Min	Xiamen	峇仔
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	鱷魚
	Zhangzhou	峇仔
	Zhao'an	鱷魚
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	鱷魚
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	鱷魚
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	鱷魚
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	鱷魚
	Yilan (Toucheng)	鱷魚
	Tainan	鱷魚
	Tainan (Anping)	鱷魚
	Penghu (Xiyu)	鱷魚
	Penang (Hokkien)	峇仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	峇仔, 鱷魚
	Manila (Hokkien)	鱷魚
	Chaozhou	鱷魚
	Shantou	鱷魚
	Jieyang	鱷魚, 峇囝
	Bangkok (Teochew)	峇囝
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	峇囝
	Singapore (Teochew)	峇囝
	Pontianak (Teochew)	峇囝

References

• [1]

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Japanese

Shinjitai	鰐
Kyūjitai	鱷

Kanji

鱷

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鰐)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: がく (gaku)
• Kan-on: がく (gaku)
• Kun: わに (wani, 鱷)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 鱷 (ngạc)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.