萼

See also: 蕚

萼 U+843C, 萼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-843C ← 萻 [U+843B] CJK Unified Ideographs 落 → [U+843D]

Translingual

Han character

萼 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿口口尸 (TRRS), four-corner 4420₇, composition ⿱艹咢)

1. the stem and calyx of a flower
2. a younger brother

Derived characters

• 𠿸

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1043, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31361
• Dae Jaweon: page 1503, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3249, character 4
• Unihan data for U+843C

Chinese

trad.		萼
simp. #		萼
alternative forms		蕚／萼 鄂

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斥	*ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	*sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): è (e⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nga̍k
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngáuk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngag⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngok⁶
    • Yale: ngohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nga̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngag
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngag⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋak̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngáuk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɑuʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
    • Tâi-lô: go̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gok
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nga̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋak̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngak

Rime
Character	萼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Baxter	ngak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萼
Reading #	1/1
No.	9465
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/

Definitions

萼

1. calyx

Compounds

• 花萼 (huā'è)
• 華萼 / 华萼
• 萼片 (èpiàn)
• 萼花
• 離萼 / 离萼

Japanese

Kanji

萼

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. calyx
2. cup

Readings

• Go-on: がく (gaku)
• Kan-on: がく (gaku)
• Kun: うてな (utena, 萼)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
萼
がく Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 萼 (MC ngak).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) がく [gáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) がく [gàkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

萼(がく) • (gaku) 

1. a calyx (collective term for sepals)

Derived terms

• 萼片(がくへん) (gakuhen, “sepal”)
• 紫(シ)萼(ガク) (shigaku)
• 宿存(しゅくそん)萼(がく) (shukuson-gaku)
• 副萼(ふくがく) (fukugaku)
• 紅萼(ベニガク) (benigaku)

See also

• 蔕(へた) (heta, “calyx (of a fruit)”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
萼
うてな Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Extension of 台 (utena, “tower, stand”), to a part of a flower.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うてな [ùténá] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) うてな [úꜜtènà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟te̞na̠]

Noun

萼(うてな) • (utena) 

1. a calyx (collective term for sepals)

References

• “^▲萼”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

萼 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.